860 
The RURAL. NEW-YORKER 
__ IT— 
May 17, 1919 
No luiman hand can lteep up a fixed normal speed 
If every owner of a fixed feed separator—especially 
those who think they are skimming clean—could 
see a chart of the great variation in speed during 
one week’s separation, they would be amazed. 
The chart would show that practically all the time the sep¬ 
arator was being turned below speed and wasting butterfat. 
Actual tests prove that 95 c /o of all separators are turned 
below speed most of the time and all separators are turned 
below speed some of the time. No matter how careful you 
are, it is humanly impossible to turn at a fixed speed, day 
in and day out. Speedometers, bells and other contraptions 
only show the wastefulness of fixed feed separators. 
SHARPLES 
— SUCTION—FEED n 
Cream separator 
THE SHARPLES SEPARATOR CO. 
WEST CHESTER, PA. 
Branches: Chicago San Francisco Toronto 
Over 2,425,000 Sharpies Separators in Daily Use 
■ii 
DC-93 
SKIMS CLEAN AT ANY SPEED 
Before you buy a separator, ask if 
it will skim clean at any speed — 
as otherwise you are going to lose 
money. Ask if it is American in¬ 
vented, American perfected, Amer¬ 
ican owned. Meanwhile write for 
Sharpies catalog and Sharpies Book 
of Old Songs to nearest office, ad¬ 
dressing Dept. 12 
Grade roads, build dykes, levees witi^ 
} ,/>/ f/fj. Farm Ditcher 
f/l and Grader 
Works in any soil. Makes V-shaped 
ditch or cleans ditches up to four feet 
deep. All steel. Reversible. Adjustable. 
Write for free book and our proposition. 
Owensboro Ditcher & Grader Co.. Inc. 
Box 334 Owensboro, Ky. 
iiiiiiiiiimiimimimiiiriiimiiiimmiiiiiiiiiiiiiHMiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiimp 
STER TANKAGE 1 
HOGS 
prices, feed- 
tions, etc. 
IDERING CO. 
NORTH WALES, PA. TRAD . 
*»lllllllllllll«IIMIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIMIHIIIIIIIIIIIIIII<limiinnillllllliHlllllllll 
[ 
When you write advertisers mention 
The Rural New-Yorker and you’ll get 
a quick reply and a “square deal,” See 
guarantee editorial page. 
A Modem Shearing Outfit 
In every wool-growing country large num¬ 
bers of Stewart Little Wonders—the two- 
man outfit—are in use. Shears 200 to 400 
sheep a day. In this outfit you get 
2 Stewart Power Shearing Ma¬ 
chines: 2 Stewart wide shears; 
12 combs (lower knife); 24 cut¬ 
ters (upper knife). 
1 power grinder for sharpening 
combs and cutters. 
1—2 h. p. Little Wonder Gasoline 
Engine—high tension magneto. 
Engine may be used for other work after shear¬ 
ing. I’rice of complete outfit ns described above, 
?1«3.20. If not convenient to remit in full, send 
100 £ with order and pay balance on arrival. 
Return for full refund, including freight, if not satisfied. 
CHIGACO FLEXIBLE SHAFTING COMPANY 
Dopt. C-I4I, 12th St. and Central Ave.,. Chicago, III. 
Money refunded if not satisfactory 
THE MOORE BROS OF ALBANY 
NEW YORK 153 Hudson A 
Live Stock Matters 
Conducted By Prof. F. C. Minkler 
Dairy Ration 
Will you give grain ration for milch 
cows, fed all the silage they will 
clean up twice a day. and all the Timothy 
and Red-top hay that they will clean up 
once a day? The silage is of poor quality, 
being cut too green, but the hay is of 
good quality. b. w. 
New York. 
You failed to supply any information 
relative to the prevailing prices of the 
concentrates; hence I am basing the fol¬ 
lowing recommendation on the local mar¬ 
ket quotations of those products. With 
silage and clover hay I would suggest the 
following grain ration : 500 lbs. hominy 
or corn meal, 200 lbs. ground oats, 300 
lbs. gluten. 200 lbs. cottonseed or linseed 
meal. If oats cost less than $50 a ton 
you could use as much as 300 lbs., and 
if bran does uot cost over $42 a ton it 
would be proper to put iu 100 lbs of 
this material. Feed the cows according 
to production, basing the amount in a 
general way on feeding 1 lb. of grain for 
each 3 or 4 lbs of milk produced per day. 
Grain for Cows on Pasture 
What grain mixture is desirable for a 
mixed herd of Holstein and Guernsey 
cows and heifers? I would like best grain 
ration for milking and dry cows on only 
average hill pasture, never seeded. Also, 
what grain ration to feed yearling heifers 
on similar pasture. i\ w. r. 
New York. 
It is not necessary to feed very much of 
a variety to milch cows on pasture. A 
ration consisting of seven parts of corn- 
meal and two parts of cottonseed meal 
would make a satisfactory combination, 
although, if the pasture is abundant and 
there are not too many animals in the 
area, cornmeal or hominy alone would 
give good results. Gluten meal today is 
more economical than cottonseed, and a 
mixture of 500 lbs. of cornmeal and 300 
lbs. of gluten would give you good results. 
Three Litters a Year 
I have five sows which farrowed last of 
! April and I want to get a Fall litter as 
early as possible. I understand some 
people get three litters a year. Could 
you advise me ou this subject? I use 
ground oats almost exclusively for grain 
before farrowing and during suckling pe¬ 
riod : this gives very good results. Can I 
improve it much? w. E. k. 
Michigan. 
It is quite possible to secure two litters 
of pigs a year from mature brood sows, 
especially where they produce their first 
litter during February, March or April. 
If your brood sows farrow in April the 
pigs should be weaned when they are Sev¬ 
ern or eight weeks old. and the sows could 
be bred in from 10 days to three weeks 
after the pigs were weaned, which would 
bring them in with their second litter 
early iu September. You could not rea¬ 
sonably expect three litters per year, for, 
even though this were possible, it would 
rax the vitality of the sow to such an ex¬ 
tent that you would be very apt to get 
! small pigs and weak litters, and they 
would not do well under the conditions. 
You could not expect a brood sow to suck¬ 
le a litter of pigs and at the same time 
nourish the fetus to such au extent that 
the expected litter of pigs would amount 
to anything. Under such conditions both 
litters would suffer* Instances have been 
reported where brood sows have produced 
three litters of pigs during a year, but 
certainly no one could expect such a prac¬ 
tice to be generally adopted. You would 
be fortunate if you could secure two litters 
each year and you ought to be satisfied 
with the increase that this arrangement 
would make in your herd. Ground oats, 
fed alone, would make a rather bulky ra¬ 
tion for brood sows. I should prefer a 
mixture of equal parts of corn, ground 
oats and wheat middlings, to which had 
been added 5 per cent of digester tankage 
or oilmeal. 
Sale of Tuberculous Cow 
Ou February 27. this year, I sold a cow 
to a dealer. I had owned her four and 
one-half months. She looked good, seemed 
well and all right. On March 12 the 
dealer came and said he sold her; she hud 
failed to pass tuberculin test, and she had 
been returned to him. April 2 he called 
on me again and said he had turned her 
over to the State for $37.50, and claims a 
loss of $27.50. lie demands I shall stand 
this loss. lie has shown me no papers to 
prove his statements. At the time I sold 
him the cow there was no guarantee of 
any kind. I told him the milk she gave, 
which he found to be correct. When he 
bought her from me he spoke of her cough. 
I told him she had coughed ever since I 
had owned her. He says now I am liable 
under the law for selling a tuberculous 
cow. There has not been any case of the 
kind in this neighborhood, t want to do 
what is right iu the matter. o. s. m. 
New Jersey. 
Unless you sold the cow iu question sub¬ 
ject to a re-test for tuberculosis there is 
no statute that would hold you responsible 
for the conditions that the dealer pro¬ 
poses to impose, and certainly he cannot 
collect the $27.50 that lie demands. If 
the cow was sold subject to the tuberculin 
test, which I infer from your question 
was not the case, your responsibility 
ceases as soon as he accepts the cow un¬ 
der the conditions named. It is scarcely 
probably that she developed tuberculosis 
while in (lie dealer's possession, yet he 
cannot hold you responsible unless she 
was sold subject to the test. 
Figuring Dairy Profit or Loss 
I was much interested in the article by 
W. S. Peck on page 704 in regard to the 
cost of producing milk. I have no wish to 
claim that the dairy farmer i.s making a 
large profit, for I know otherwise, but it 
does seem that everyone is engaged in try¬ 
ing to show how much he is losing by con¬ 
descending to remain iu the business. Mr. 
Peck's statement seems 'to me to be open 
to criticism iu several respects. 
In the first place, he fed 18,000 lbs. of 
grain in producing about 30.000 lbs. of 
milk. According to the best authorities 
(including TrtE R. N.-Y.’l. for profitable 
production a cow should have 1 lb. of 
grain for each 3 to 4 lbs. of milk pro¬ 
duced ; as this amount was greatly exceed¬ 
ed, no doubt the feed bill was increased at 
the expense of the profit. 
Again, if the full retail market price of 
the hay and grain is charged against the 
dairy, then the full retail value of the 
plant food iu the manure must be credited, 
in this case probably spread on the field, 
as this work was po doubt covered by the 
cost of labor. Mr. Peck allows $54 as 
the value of this delivered manure, that is 
$1 per day. hardly more than enough to 
cover the cost of handling. As a matter 
of fact, allowing that 70 per cent of the 
plant food iu the hay and grain is saved 
in the manure, we may have approximate¬ 
ly 500 lbs. of nitrogen. 270 lbs. of phos¬ 
phoric acid, and 425 lbs. of potash. Will 
the editor tell us the value of this plant 
food at present prices? If the real value 
of this manure is allowed, the figures will 
show a profit. It. i< hardly fair to figure 
hay at $20. and manure at the bare cost 
of handling. 
Here is one reason why a dairyman 
can figure a loss, and at the same time 
make a living and accumulate property; 
for if he sells his hay to his cows at $20 
per ton. and other forage iu proportion, he 
may be making a good profit on that, 
while much of the plant food is retained 
ou the farm, together with that bought iu 
the form.of grain. 
It is to be noted, however, that Mr. 
Peck took charge of these cows unexpect¬ 
edly. lie may have had to buy the hay 
for them, and he may have no way to 
make profitable use of the manure. In 
this case, his loss would be caused by the 
unfortunate circumstances under which 
he was obliged to assume control of the 
dairy, and his figures would lose their 
value as au estimate of the cost of milk 
production. r. 
R. N.-Y\—The amounts of plant food 
mentioned represent over one ton and a 
half of nitrate of soda, about one ton of acid 
phosphate and nearly half a ton of muri¬ 
ate of potash. At present price* the ni¬ 
trate would cost about $00 per. ton. the 
acid phosphate $25 and the muriate $200. 
“Didn’t you say they are passing the 
olive branch in Paris?” said young Mrs. 
Torkins. “I did,” replied her husband, 
patiently. “But. Charley, dear, suppose 
some of them don’t like olives?”—Wash¬ 
ington Star. 
