The RURAL N E. W -YORKER 
June 14, 
974 
See the 
Milk Flow 
O N the Empire Milking Machine, 
each rubber tube carrying milk 
to the pail has a glass tube inserted. 
Through it you can watch the milk as 
it flows from the cow to the container. 
This operation is under cover and sani¬ 
tary. No chance for contamination from 
flies and litter. Milk milked into 
Empires is purer, cleaner and more 
wholesome. An Empire not only does 
the milking better and more uniformly 
but raises the quality of your milk. 
Viewed from every angle the installation of 
an Empire Milking Machine on any dairy 
farm is a business-like proceeding. It improves 
the standard of your milk. . It changes the try¬ 
ing and laborious job of hand milking to a 
simple, easy system. It releases labor for field 
work or permits you to do the same work with 
less help—for with an Empire, one man can 
milk as many cows as three can milk by hand. 
It improves the flow and quality of milk, because 
its action is always gentle, soothing and uniform. 
It gets the most from “hard milkers” and the 
nervous cows; cuts dairy costs and pays for 
itself many times over in increased milk profits. 
Why continue to milk by hand ? Send for 
our catalog No. -23, and learn how Empire 
Milking Machines can help you to greater profits, 
greater freedom and better cows. Ask for name 
of nearest dealer. 
EMPIRE CREAM SEPARATOR COMPANY, Bloomfield, N. J. 
Also Manufacturers of Empire Cream 
Separators and Gasoline Engines 
Chicago, III.; Denver, Col.; Atlanta, Ga. 
Montreal and Toronto, Canada 
MILKING M 
HINES 
REGINA 
COW YOKE 
Absolutely Prevents Wire 
Fence Breaking and 
Self Sucking 
TIRADE OF STEEL. Lasts a lifetime. Ad- 
l’A justable to any sire neck. Causes no 
pain—no inconvenience. Insures saving fence 
construction. Hundreds satis- CtO SO 
fied customers. Sent Postpaid for*» ,fc " w v 
GUARANTEED TO HOLD COW UNDER TWO- 
STRAND FENCE OF ORDINARY SLICK WIRE 
Special Inducements for Dealers 
If your dealer can’t supply you order from 
THE F. E. GOLIAN COMPANY 
Manufacturers Atlanta, Ga. 
I 
PREVENT 
BLACKLEG 
VACCINATE WITH 
Blackleg Vaccine 
(BL ACKLEGO IDS) 
BLACKLEG AGGRESSIN 
(GERM-FR EE BLACKLEG VACCINE) 
WRITE FOR FREE BOOKLETS. 
ANIMAL INDUSTRY DEPARTMENT 09 
PARKE, DAVIS & CO. 
DETROIT, MICH. 
Help Your Cows £% 
Do Their Best 
A little watchfulness now, while the cows 
are freshening, will save a lot of trouble 
later. If the udder is caked or the teats 
rough and sore, the eow cannot do her 
best. Rub the affected parts 
gently, applying 
NORTH STAR 
Antiseptic Compound 
WOOL FAT 
Soon the skin will become smooth, pliable and healthy. 
Iiossy will be more contented ami give more milk. U6e 
North Star Wool Fat also to keep your horses fit. It 
is a specific for Collar Galls, Thrush, Scratches, etc. 
CDCC TDIAI nCCCD Try this antiseptic healing com- 
rnCL I nlHL urrcn pound at our expense. We’ll send 
you a liberal sample free. Write today. Ask also about 
Gerni-X, the powerful, non-poisonous disinfectant and de¬ 
odorizer. You need both in your dairy. 
NORTH STAR CHEMICAL WORKS, Inc. 
DEPT. C LAWRENCE, MASS. 
T' ■' ——— - ■ ... i. i - -— ■ — 
Live Stock Questions 
Answered By Prof. F. C. Minkler 
Forage and Grain for Pigs 
1. I have just purchased three Du roe 
Jersey pigs, five weeks old. What do you 
consider a good ration, with no skim- 
milk available. With a small quantity 
of milk what would you suggest? My 
plan is to keep these pigs during the Sum¬ 
mer and fatten them next Fall. 2. IIow 
is Hairy vetch used? Would it be a good 
plan to sow it in midsummer? Would it 
be of any value as a late Fall pasture or 
in the early Spring? Would this be good 
to sow in an orchard? 3. What would you 
recommend to sow in an orchard for a 
Summer pasture? Something that would 
grow quickly is what I want. R. E. 
New York. 
1. Clearly the most economical substi¬ 
tute for skim-milk is digester tankage or 
meat meal. Grades carrying 60 per cent 
protein are the most economical to buy, 
and where a ration is based largely^ upon 
coru, and oats or middlings, from 5 to S 
per cent of digester tankage is all that is 
necessary to establish a balance so far as 
food nutrients are concerned. If you 
have skim-milk the amount of digester 
tankage could be substantially reduced, 
although I am inclined to favor the use of 
at least 5 per cent of digester tankage 
during the early stages of a pig’s growth. 
If one has available only limited amounts 
of skim-milk a mixture consisting of eight 
parts of corn or hominy meal, two of oats 
and one of digester tankage would bo very 
satisfying for young pigs weighing less 
than 50 lbs., or for broody sows nursing 
pigs. As soon as they weigh 125 lbs. I 
would eliminate all mill feeds and use 
exclusively corn or hominy meal and di¬ 
gester tankage. 
2. There are two types of vetch, viz., 
the Spring vetch and the Winter vetch. 
The Spring vetch may be seeded early in 
the Spring with oats, and, while these 
legumes are not as palatable as the 
clovers, they will assemble a considerable 
amount of nitrogen and increase the pnl- 
atability of common forage crops. .V mix- 
! ture of a bushel and a half of oats and 
15 lbs. of Winter vetch per acre pro¬ 
vides a substantial and satisfying mix¬ 
ture. You could seed this mixture in the 
orchard, and it would make a very useful 
forage for pigs of all ages. 
3. I am inclined to favor combination 
mixtures of forage crops for swine, espe¬ 
cially when used in an orchard. Oats, 
vetch and clover makes an ideal combina¬ 
tion. A bushel of oats, 5 lbs. of Alsike. 
and 15 lbs. of Spring vetch, if seeded pre¬ 
vious to the first of June, would do very 
well. If seeded later in the season the 
Winter vetch should be used, and rye 
should replace the oats as a nurse crop. 
Feeding Skim-milk to Cows 
Your article on page 765 by Thomas B. 
Osborne treats on a subject that is very 
timely. My interest has been aroused to 
ask a few questions. Under the sub¬ 
title “Money Values and Costs in Milk.” 
the value of milk is figured for human 
food. What would you figure the skim- 
milk worth as food for stock? This would 
of course be compared to the values of 
stock feeds. You have stated that the 
proteins in skim-milk have a greater value 
for growing animals as well as hens pro¬ 
ducing eggs. Would not the same tiling 
apply to milch cows, and would not the 
feeding of skim-milk with the grain feed 
give improved results over grain without 
skim-milk? What would the skim-milk 
fed in this manner be worth per 100 lbs.? 
In putting cows under test, would not the 
addition of skim-milk so fed increase the 
utilization of the protein in other feeds, 
and also tend to prevent the cow from 
going “off her feed”? b. w. \v. 
Buffalo, N. Y. 
One ton of digester tankage carrying 
00 per cent of protein would yield 1.052 
lbs. of digestible nutrients. The prevail¬ 
ing price of this material fluctuates from 
$115 to $125 a ton, or approximately 7c 
per lb. for the digestible material. One 
ton of skim-milk carries 1N2 lbs. of di¬ 
gestible nutrients, and at 7c per lb., wiuch 
figures on a parallel basis with tankage, 
it would be worth $12.74 a ton. which 
would be 63.07c per 100 Hus.. or slightly 
more than IJ/iC a quart. Generally speak¬ 
ing. however, skim-milk is worth rela¬ 
tively more than these figures might indi¬ 
cate in feeding swine, or more particularly 
in feeding poultry, and it has been de¬ 
termined by investigators that the stock- 
man can afford to pay as much as 2c a 
quart for skim-milk provided that he 
makes the best use of this material, and 
supplements it with feeds calculated to 
establish a well-balanced ration. 
A number of attempts have been made 
to feed skim-milk to other classes of ani¬ 
mals, but success has not favored such 
trials. Oftentimes it has been argued 
that the feeding of skim-milk to cows 
would be advantageous, and that it might 
result in an increased amount of milk, 
and some men went so far as to argue 
that it might modify the relative propor¬ 
tion of the fat to the .solids not fat. In¬ 
stances are often reported where cows on 
an advanced registry test have been fed 
new milk, yet, so far as I know, nothing 
startling has resulted from such experi¬ 
ments. It is more or less difficult to 
make a ration for dairy cows palatable 
that carries very much skim-milk, and re¬ 
ports indicate that cows tire very easily 
of such feed. You might better take the 
skim-milk that is available and feed it to 
pigs or chickens rather than expect un¬ 
usual results from the use of skim-milk 
in rations for dairy cows. You can 
scarcely establish perpetual motion in 
milk production. Generally speaking, it 
pays to limit the amount of skim-milk 
that is daily fed to pigs or calves, for it is 
known that excessive, amounts are not 
easily digested, and the best results follow 
with pigs where 1 lb. of grain is fed. as a 
supplement, with each 5 lbs. of milk con¬ 
sumed. There is something about skim- 
milk. however, that prompts desirable 
growth and development of bone and mus¬ 
cle, and, as the article in question sug¬ 
gested. it is most nourishing and in every 
way desirable for young aud growing 
animals. 
I 
O. I. C. and Chester White 
I have a registered Chester White eow. 
Can I use an O. I. C. registered boar and 
register the pigs, or is this crossing? If 
eligible, which registry, O. I. C. or Ches¬ 
ter White? rr. j. f. 
Rhode Island. 
The mating of the so-called O. I. C. 
boar on the Chester IN’bite sow would 
not violate the registering of the pigs. 
Unfortunately, certain promoters have 
tried to make out that the O. I. C. was 
a different breed of swine from the Ches¬ 
ter White, which the facts do not sub¬ 
stantiate. As I understand it. all O. I. 
C. stock, except that recorded in unrec¬ 
ognized associations, and all such stock 
recorded in (). I. C. associations, is eli¬ 
gible for record in the* Chester White As¬ 
sociation. All Chester Whites, duly re¬ 
corded in the Chester White Association, 
are eligible for record in the O. I. C. As¬ 
sociation. so far as I know. A prom¬ 
inent breeder advises us that, in his judg¬ 
ment. anyone buying either O. I. C. or 
Chester White would be able to record in 
cither association without any difficulty, 
as many breeders are doing and as lie did 
for a number of years. Many breeders 
look with disfavor upon the tactics that 
have been used by certain promoters of 
the O. T. C. swine, and it is hoped that 
eventually the various interests will be 
centered in such a way that but one reg¬ 
istry association will be necessary to 
record, promote and extend the interests 
of tin* breed. A reference in this depart¬ 
ment a few weeks ago led certain breeders 
to believe that we recognize the O. I. C. 
and Chester IN bites as two distinct breeds. 
By all means lot this impression be cor¬ 
rected. No doubt there are certain dif¬ 
ferences in type, yet surely any statement 
th.^t would imply they were not one and 
the same breed would be. misleading and 
not supported by the facts. 
Low-priced Local Tankage 
Our dealers are charging us $6.50 per 
cwt. for HO per cent digester tankage. 
Rendering works near here offer their 
tankage for $3 per cwt. but it carries no 
guaranteed analysis, and is made from 
the animals which die throughout the 
country about here, which they buy and 
work up. Is this a desirable product? 
J. M. tv. 
A great many attempts have been made 
by local slaughtering houses to dispose 
of a product known as “tankage” at a 
comparatively low price as compared with 
the standard products emanating from the 
larger abattoirs of the packing districts. 
Such products analyzing as much as 00 
per cent protein, carry as much as 50 per 
cent dried blood, lienee make excellent 
supplements to the common corn or cereal 
grains that constitute the basis of a ra¬ 
tion for pigs. Any tankage that you 
could secure for $3 per cwt. would be of 
questionable usefulness, for the facilities 
for rendering this product sterile are usu¬ 
ally faulty, and. furthermore, it is very 
apt to carry a large percentage of hair 
and other waste residual products that 
are not digestible. You might better pay 
$6.50 per cwt. for a high-grade tankage 
known to carry a guaranteed amount of 
protein, rather than throw away $3 per 
cwt. for some cheap material that does 
not 
ca rr.v 
any 
auaiys 
is. 
I would j 
stay 
fre< 
* and 
clear 
from 
these substitute 
mm 
terials. 
Othc 
‘I’wise 
you 
are very 
apt 
to 
invite 
hog i 
holera. 
tuberculosis 
and 
var 
inns other ail 
ments 
that 
invariably 
ac- 
company materials that have not been pre¬ 
pared properly, usually emanating from 
local slaughtering houses that do not have 
the facilities for properly digesting the 
waste materials. Usually this material 
lias a value for fertilizer, but it lias very 
little value as a feed. 
Tony appeared before the naturaliza¬ 
tion board to take put his final papers to 
be an American citizen. The examiner 
asked him about American history. 
“Who was the first President?” “George 
Washington.” “And who is President 
now?” “Meester Wilson.” “Can anyone 
be President?” “Yes, sir.” “Could you 
be President, Tony?” “Oh. sir. you must 
excuse. I am too busy.”—Credit Lost. 
