1006 
The RURAL NEW-YORKER 
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The Distinguished Service” 
CREAM SEPARATOR 
There is service built into every part of 
a De Laval. Forty years of leadership in 
cream separator construction have made it 
the unquestioned leader in close skimming, 
light running, easy cleaning and durability. 
The De Laval is sold through local agents 
who are well informed with regard to the 
machine and the Company’s policy. These 
agents localize the Company’s service. They 
carry repair parts in stock and are trained 
to give intelligent advice and prompt help, 
in order to insure complete separator 
satisfaction and continuity of service. 
There is a De Laval agent in every 
dairy community throughout the world—a 
constant reminder of the fact that when you 
buy a De Laval, the Company feels that 
its obligation to you has just 
started. 
It is because of these facts 
that the De Laval has been 
justly called 
“The Distinguished 
Service Separator.” 
The De Laval Separator Co. 
29 E. Madison St. 
Chicago 
50,000 Branches and Local Agencies the World Over 
165 Broadway 
New York 
3 : : 
3 I l 
- .THE" 
.ANIMALS’ 
..FRIEND 
For keeping flies and many 
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and en ' -sed since 1885 by 
leading dairymen. Cows give 
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$ 1.25 $20 
in milk and flesh on each cow in a single season. Excellent 
ior galls. Allays itching. Aids in healing cuts and sores. 
Excellent lor lice and mites in poultry houses. 
Send $1.25 for enough Shoo-Fly to protect 10 cows % 
weeks, also our 8-tube gravity sprayer. Money back if 
not satisfactory. Name Express Office. Booklet FREE. 
SHOO-FLY MFG. CO., 1320 N. 10thSt.,Phila. 
KEEP LIVESTOCK HEALTHY 
BY U8ING 
Kreso Dip No. 1 
(STANDARDIZED) 
Easy to use; efficient; economical; kills 
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Write for free booklets on the Care of 
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ANIMAL INDUSTRY DEPARTMENT OF 
PARKE, DAVIS & CO. 
DETROIT, MICH. 
When you write advertisers mention The R. N.-Y. and you’ll get a 
quick reply and a square deal.” See guarantee editorial page. 
Live Stock Matters 
Conducted By Prof. F. C. Minkier 
Change in Freshening Period 
I have several heifers clue to freshen in 
about, one week, but wish to have them 
freshen in the Fall. Which would be bet¬ 
ter. to breed as soon as possible after 
freshening, and so work back toward Fall, 
or have them freshen in July or August 
next year? Would they probably give a 
fair amount of milk through the late Win¬ 
ter, with a good grain ration, if the latter 
course were followed? t. s. 
New York. 
A great deal would depend upon the 
size, vigor and appearance of the heifers. 
If they were under size and not well 
grown or mature, I should by all means 
hold them open and breed them so that 
they would freshen in August or Septem¬ 
ber ; but in case they are of good size 
and well grown I would breed them 30 
days after calving, which would bring 
them in in October or November, which 
is about the time desired. It has been the 
experience of successful dairymen that 
the longer they delay mating after calv¬ 
ing the harder it is to insure breeding. 
This holds true, of course, with mature 
animals; but it is less evident with heif¬ 
ers. I consider it very important that 
heifers be well grown during their early 
development, and. if they are not grown 
in this way, I try to let them have a rest 
period following their first calving in 
order that they may make up later what 
they failed to produce as youngsters. If 
the cows are bred immediately following 
calving I would make sure that they are 
generously fed during their dry period, 
aud I would endeavor to let them have a 
rather extensive dry period during the 
Summer months; in fact, they should 
have three or four months at this time. 
Tuberculin Test 
If I buy a bull in the State of Penn¬ 
sylvania and bring into New York State 
for breeding purposes, where does the 
animal have to be tested for tuberculosis, 
in Pennsylvania or New York State? In 
such a case, would an examination with 
an animal stethoscope be sufficient? I 
have known of such examinations being 
made in New York State, but do not know 
what conditions were under which the ex¬ 
aminations were made. z. e. w. 
New York. 
The bull that you have purchased in 
Pennsylvania would best be tested by the 
sanitary officials of that State, who can 
transmit the papers to the sanitary offi¬ 
cials at Albany, where they can be ap¬ 
proved and filed. On the other hand, if 
the bull were shipped into New York 
State on a permit, and then tested by the 
Department of Agriculture at Albany 
after his arrival aud found to be a reac¬ 
tor, more difficulty would be experienced 
in adjusting conditions than would obtain 
in case the bull were tested in Pennsyl¬ 
vania previous to shipment. The use of 
the stethoscope would not be practicable 
for it would not be accepted by the sani¬ 
tary officials, who require, by virtue of 
the laws now in force, that all animals 
brought into the State for breeding pur¬ 
poses must be subjected to the tuberculin 
test. If you will communicate with Dr. 
C. .T. Marshall of the Bureau of Animal 
Husbandry at Harrisburg, or with Dorr 
W. MeDaury, Director of the Bureau of 
Animal Industry at. Albany, the necessary 
blanks and information concerning the re¬ 
quirements, so far as the departmental 
test is concerned, will be forthcoming. 
Breed Selection for Pork 
I think of buying some registered hogs, 
and would like to know what you consider 
the best breed for pork production. One 
breeder claims Chester Whites: another, 
Berkshire; another, Poland China; an- 
othsr. O. I. C., and still another, Durocs 
are the leaders in pork production. Have 
you any definite figures concerning this 
matter? Will registered hogs outweigh 
common hogs under the same care aud 
feed for pork ? AV. T. C. 
New York. 
Usually too much emphasis is placed 
upon the breed selection and not enough 
on the selection of type with any given 
breed. It is possible to find good and 
bad individuals in every one of our recog¬ 
nized breeds of swine, and whether you 
select Duroc Jerseys, Poland Chinas. 
Chester Whites, Berksbires, Yorkshires 
or Haim,shires is immaterial, for it is 
possible to find specimens within each 
one of hese breeds which would do well 
under Hie conditions that you might im¬ 
pose. There is no fixed standard by which 
we can measure the economic and pro¬ 
ductive value of the various breed types 
available m this country. 
Within the corn belt and throughout 
the Middle West there are undoubtedly a 
larger number of Duroc Jerseys found 
in the feed lots, and statistics gathered 
from the various stockyards where the 
bulk of the pork is marketed show a pre¬ 
ponderance of Duroc Jerseys, Poland 
Chinas, Chester Whites and Ilampshires, 
showing that the representatives of these 
breeds are popular among the stockmen 
who are making a living out of converting 
farm products into pork. If you will go 
to some responsible breeder who has a 
prolific strain of any one of the popular 
breeds and, provided the pigs are well 
cared for and generously fed, you will ex¬ 
perience no difficulty in producing pork 
at a profit. In your section I believe the 
pigs are usually butchered at home and 
sold as dressed carcasses, and there are 
many advantages in marketing carcasses 
that dress out white, such as the Chester 
White or the Yorkshire. 
Answering your second question as to 
whether purebreds are more prolific or 
weigh more than grade animals, let me 
say that you cannot afford, under any 
circumstances to keep scrub or mongrel 
pigs, although it is not necessary that 
they lie registered stock if your one aim 
is pork production. Purebred animals, of 
course, should form the basis of your herd, 
but it is not necessary to keep up the reg¬ 
istry papers if you are not planning to 
dispose of any animals for breeding pur¬ 
poses. 
Stunted Pig 
Wlmt is the matter with a small pig? 
She is always standing around shivering. 
I have given copperas and gentian root 
in feed without result. I tried to give 
turpentine in linseed oil. but she will uot 
take it. The others took it and seem to 
feel fine after it. I have a new pigpen 
and plenty of dry straw in it, and have 
sprinkled lime all over. I have a four- 
acre place intended for market gardening; 
will have to buy everything this year. In 
the Fall I shall put one acre iii Alfalfa. 
I have one cow and three pigs; will keep 
one for breeding. How should I feed the 
stock? I have put in five 200-ft. rows of 
mangels to help out a little, and will have 
the whole place in cow peas this Summer 
and rye and vetch next Winter for green 
manure. o. R. 
New Jersey. 
From the description it would appear 
that the pig in question was stunted while 
nursing its dam and probably infested 
with parasites. Unless the pig gains and 
shows some evidence of growth and de¬ 
velopment you will not get a new dollar for 
an old one, and the pig might just as well 
be killed. You do not state the age of 
the pig, but I am assuming that it is a 
youngster recently weaned, and experience 
prompts the suggestion that there is no 
use bothering with a pig that fails to evi¬ 
dence thrift and vigor. Naturally the pig 
would not take kindly to the turpentine 
and linseed oil combination, and if it is 
desired to give pigs a vermifuge of that 
sort it is necessary to keep all the food 
and drink away from them for 24 or 30 
hours, and then give them this concoc¬ 
tion diluted with milk. If they are very 
hungry they will lap it up before they 
appreciate its taste is not to their likiug. 
Make sure that the pig is not infested 
with external parasites, which can be re¬ 
moved by the use of crude oil. 
Assuming that the four-acre area now 
devoted to market gardening will yield 
certain roughage material that can be 
used to advantage iu feeding both your 
pigs and your cow. it would not be abso¬ 
lutely essential that very much grain be 
used to supplement such forage. How¬ 
ever, it is seldom satisfactory to grow 
pigs without some grain, and I would use 
a mixture of five parts of hominy aud 
two parts of ground oats. Perhaps you 
will have some skim-milk for the pigs, 
and they will thrive and do well on this 
mixture. Mangels will come in very handy 
for use with your dairy cow through the 
Winter months, and they will uot come 
amiss in feeding the brood sow. You cau- 
not expect to fatten the shotes, however, 
on mangels, for they are too bulky aud 
succulent for such use. The rye and vetch 
which you propose to grow as a cover 
crop will furnish abundant forage both 
early and late for live stock, and when 
the rye is thrashed it can be used to ad¬ 
vantage in feeding both the pigs and the 
dairy cow. It should be mixed, however, 
with hominy and ground oats if the best 
results are to follow. 
Ration for Jerseys 
We have a dairy of five grade Jerseys 
in connection with our orchards. Will 
you give us a balanced ration for these 
cows, something that can be made with¬ 
out too much trouble? We do not have a 
silo, but have Timothy and clover hay. 
Pennsylvania. F. a. k. 
You do not state whether it is your 
desire to pasture the five Jerseys in ques¬ 
tion. or whether it is neeessry to confine 
them in barns during the Summer. If at 
all possible I would get them out on grass 
and, in conjunction with this forage, 
would feed them a mixture made up of 
seven parts of corn or hominy meal and 
three parts of gluten. This is not only 
the most economical but the most advan¬ 
tageous ration to use during this season 
of the year, and the cows will no doubt 
respond to this ration. So far as amounts 
are concerned, feed approximately 1 lb. 
of grain for each 3 lbs. of milk produced 
during the seasou, increasing the amount 
fed your high producers in case they re¬ 
spend to the increased amount of grain. 
Clover lmy is quite as useful as Alfalfa 
under the circumstances which you de¬ 
scribe. 
