1034 
June 28, 1919 
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ccp cowi Wet- 
when the coimti'yiDiy 
Now that the country has gone bone dry, the 
demand for milk will be greater than ever. In¬ 
creased milk production means big, extra profits. 
See below. Cows on pasture need a concentrate . 
Purina Cow Chow 
with summer pasture makes a perfect, balanced ration. 
It keeps the grass diet right under all conditions. It is 
making it possible for dairymen ro get 
6 lbs. milk for 6c 
You can produce 6 lbs. more milk per day per cow 
at an added cost of about 6c per cow on pasture. 
Figure out wbat this means 
to you per day, per month. 
y Ask your dealer for Purina 
Clean 
—Healthy Udders 
TN THE BUSY DAIRY we’re apt to 
1 overlook some of the details that vitally 
effect the final profits. 
A clean separator means sweet, fragrant cream— 
the kind that makes top-notch butter. Germ-X 
solution loosens slime and kills bacteria quicker 
than live steam. It shortens the work of cleaning 
dairy utensils. 
North Star Anti-Septic Wool Fat Compound 
keeps teats and udders smooth and pliable. Cows 
with healthy udders “give down” more milk—pay 
better. This Wool Fat Compound nourishes and 
rebuilds wounded tissues. Use it, too, for foot and 
skin diseases of horses. 
FREE TRIAL —It costs you nothing to prove for 
yourself what North Star Wool Fat will do for your 
Stock. We'll send a liberal sample free. Write 
today. Ask also for Germ-X circular. 
NORTH STAR 
DEPT. C 
CHEMICAL WORKS, Inc. 
LAWRENCE, MASS 
’ FT™ North SurO*micd Wort* 1*2 
The RURAL. NEW-YORKER 
Peculiar Habits of the Ox Gadfly 
Will you give life cycle of ox gadfly, 
its habits, etc. V J. c. K. 
Doster, Mich. 
It will he well to say at the outset that 
these pests are often known as “warble 
flies,” “heel flies,” and “hot flies,” per¬ 
haps more commonly than as “gadflies.” 
Moreover, the habits and life histories of 
those flics, for there are two species in 
this country, have been the subject of 
much study and of a vast amount of spec¬ 
ulation and guesswork since the time 
Bracy Clark, the Englishman, wrote his 
famous essay in 1815 on the botflies of 
horses and other animals. And strangely 
enough, in spite of these investigations, 
guesswork and speculation, the life his¬ 
tories of these flies have not been very 
definitely worked out until within the last 
four or five years. Even now there is at 
least one small gap in our knowledge of 
the habits of these curious creatures. 
Those who are familiar with these in¬ 
sects know that they are reddish, hairy 
flies about one-half inch in length and 
that they resemble the honey bee in ap¬ 
pearance. Briefly, the curious and complex 
life histories of the gadflies as we now 
know them are as follows: The eggs are 
glued to the hairs of the cattle mostly on 
the hind quarters and hind legs, although 
one species may deposit her eggs along 
the sides of the body of the cow. In any 
event, when the egg hatches, the very 
tiny, white maggot at once bores through 
the skin, usually going down the root of 
a hair. After the maggot gets through 
the hide it burrows its way through the 
thin tissues beneath the skin to the gul¬ 
let in the neck of the cow or ox. The 
course of the maggot from where it bores 
through the skin to the gullet has not 
been actually followed so far as I know, 
but all of the evidence that we now have 
shows that the maggots reach the neck 
in the way I have described. After the 
maggot reaches the gullet of the ox, how¬ 
ever. we know fairly definitely what it 
does and where it goes. The maggot bur¬ 
rows along down the wall of the. gullet 
and reaches the diaphragm, that thin par¬ 
tition between the chest and the abdomen 
of a cow. The maggot then burrows in 
the diaphragm and works its way out¬ 
ward to a lib. up which it goes to the 
backbone. From here it may burrow 
around the backbone, or it may go through 
openings of the backbone and enter the 
spinal canal. In any event it finally 
comes to lodge beneath the skin on the 
back beside the backbone. Here it causes 
a swelling, or what has been termed a 
“warble.” hence the name “warble flies.” 
These swellings or “warbles” may he felt 
along the hack of a cow, especially during 
the months of January, February, March 
and April. 
The maggots live in the cow from late 
Summer to the following March or April, 
when they work their way out through 
the openings in the skin, go to the soil 
and there beneath the surface of the 
ground rest from 30 to 50 days and then 
transform to flies. The life cycle extends 
over a period of about 10 months. 
One of the species of gadflies in par¬ 
ticular in laying its eggs darts toward the 
cow and glues an egg to a hair. It 
strikes in this way again and again while 
laying its eggs, and soon frightens the 
cow so that she becomes frantic, throws 
up her head and-tail. and starts on a mad 
stampede to escape the buzzing, darting 
insect. The fly does not—indeed, cannot 
—sting, and therefore does not cause pain 
to the cow. The gadding of the animal is 
simply the result of nervous fear induced 
by the darting actions of the bee-like fly. 
With the exception of the removal of 
the maggots by squeezing them out. no 
satisfactory method of control has ever 
been found. In the case of animals that 
are stabled during the Winter the mag¬ 
gots may he killed by squirting, turpen¬ 
tine from a machinist’s oilcan into the 
openings of the warbles. 
GLENN \V. IIEURICK. 
| Germ Destroyed 
Deodorizer 
Diet 
isinfectant 
PO 60*0 U4) 
MINERAL 1 
Inuse 
over 
H EAVE“ot 
.COMPOUND 
Booklet 
Free 
NEGLECT 
Will Ruin 
Your Horse 
Sold on 
Its Merits 
• END TODAY 
AGENTS 
WANTED 
$3 Package 
guaranteed to glv. 
satisfaction or 
money refunded 
$1 Package sufficient 
for ordinary cases. 
Postpaid on receipt of price 
Write for descriptive booklets 
MNE8AL HEAVE REMEDY CO* 461 fourth Ate.. Pittsburg, P» 
Bone Spavin 
No matter how old the case, how tame the 
horse, or what other treatment failed, try 
Fleming's Spavin and Ring¬ 
bone Paste, $2.08 a Bottle 
(War tax paid). One application usually 
I enough. IntoDdodonlyforoBtabhahed cases of 
Bone Spavin. Ringbone and Sidebone. Money 
back If it tafia. Write for FLEMING’S VEST- 
l POCKET VETERINARY ADVISER. It Is FREE 
! EICUIUR RRAC 300 Union Stock 
I rLtminu DnUs, chamtata.CHICAi 
__Varda, 
IICAOO.ILU 
absorbine 
** TRADE MARK REG.U.S.PAT. OFF. 
Reduces Strained, Puffy Ankles, 
Lymphangitis, Poll Evil, Fistula, 
Boils, Swellings; Stops Lameness 
and allays pain. Heals Sores, Cuts, 
Bruises, Boot Chafes. It is a 
SAFE ANTISEPTIC AND GERMICIDE 
Does not blister or remove the 
hair and horse can be worked. Pleasant to use. 
$2.50 a bottle, delivered. Describe your case 
for special instructions and Dook 5 R. free. 
ABSORBINE, JR., antlieptic liniment for mankind, re- 
ducei Strain!, painful. Knotted. Swollen Vein!, Concen¬ 
trated— only a few drop! required atea application. Prlet 
*1.25 per bottle at dealera or delivered. 
W. F. YOUNG, INC., 88 Temt la St., Springfield, Matt. 
JimiiiimimmimmnniiiumimiiiinitiiuiiniimuuiiiHiuuiUUUmiiiimiiiuiuiiiiumnii 
I DIGESTER TANKAGE 
| FOR HOGS 
| Write for prices, feed- 
1 ing directions, etc. 
IDEAL RENDERING CO. 
NORTH WALES. PA. 
TRACK 
lUiiiiuiiiiiimulimMimuiuuiimimUiiiiittitiiiHiiuMiMiKh 
Poison Bait for Grasshoppers 
Every year we are asked how to pre¬ 
pare the so-called poisoned bait used in 
killing grasshoppers and other insects. 
The Kansas Experiment Station gives the 
following: 
“The bran mash is made as follows: 
Bran, 20 lbs.; white arsenic, Paris green 
or London purple, 1 lb.; syrup or cheap 
in classes, 2 qts.; oranges or lemons, three : 
water, 3 y 2 gals. In preparing the bran 
mash, mix the bran, white arsenic. Paris 
green or London purple thoroughly, in a 
washtub while dry. Squeeze the juice of 
the oranges or lemons into the water, 
chop the remaining pulp and the peel to 
fine hits or run them through a-meat 
grinder and add them to the water. Dis¬ 
solve the syrup in the water and wet the 
bran and poison with mixture, stirring at 
the same time so as- to dampen the mash 
thoroughly. The bait when flavored with 
oranges or lemons is found to be not only 
more attractive, but also more appetizing, 
and thus is eaten by more ot the grass¬ 
hoppers.” 
When used to kill grasshoppers this is 
broadcast over the fields where the hop¬ 
pers congregate. In s mie Western States 
these insects are so numerous that the en¬ 
tire community must turn out aud fight 
them. 
Look for the Man 
with the 
REDRIVER 
SPECIAL 
He has the thresher that will 
thresh your grain clean. It will 
save enough of your grain and 
time to pay your thresh bill. 
There’s no guess work about 
this. The Red River Special is 
the thresher with the famous 
"Man Behind the Gun.” 
It Beats Out the Grain 
instead of waiting foritto fall out. 
It alone does more clean separ- 
tion than some other threshers 
get from end to end. 
Ask your tliresherman the 
name of his outfit. Tell him you 
want your grain threshed with 
the Red River Special. Don’t 
let him experiment with some 
unknown machine when it costs 
no more to be sure of saving all 
your grain. 
If you want a thresher for your own 
use, learn about our ‘Junior” Red 
River Special. 
Write for Circulars 
Nichols & Shepard Co. 
In Continuous Business Since 1848 
Builders exclusively of Red River Spe¬ 
cial Threshers, Wind Stackers, Feeders, 
Steam and Oil-Gas Traction Engines 
Battle Creek Michigan 
KEEP LIVESTOCK HEALTHY 
BY USING 
Kreso Dip No. 1 
(STANDARDIZED) 
Easy to use; efficient: economical: kills 
parasites; prevents disease. 
Write for free booklets on the Care of 
Livestock and Poultry. 
ANIMAL INDUSTRY DEPARTMENT OF 
PARKE, DAVIS & CO. 
DETROIT. MICH. 
• .THE." 
ANIMALS’ 
vJFRIENH 
For keeping flies and many 
other insects off animals. Used 
and endorsed since 1885 by 
leading dairymen. Cows give 
25# to 35# more milk during 
fly season it sprayed with 
Shoo-Fly. 
$1.25 ”°v r I h . $20 
in milk and flesh on each cow in a single season. Excellent 
for galls. Allays itching, i Aids in healing cuts and sores. 
Excellent for lice and mites in poultry houses. 
Send $1.25 for enough Shoo-Fly to protect 10 cows 2 
weeks, alto our 8-tube gravity sprayer. Money back if 
not satisfactory- Name Express Office. Booklet FREE. 
SHOO-FLY MFG. CO., 1320 N. lOthSt., Phila. 
No More Singing Spindles 
Mica Axle Grease ends squeaking, 
friction-bound axles and hot-boxes. 
Makes it easier for the horse and 
less expensive for the owner. The 
finely ground mica fills spindle 
crevices and makes a perfect bear¬ 
ing surfa r rt. 
MICA 
AXLE GREASE 
Eureka Harness Oil prevents cracking and 
breaking, makes leather soft and pliable. 
STANDARD OIL CO. of NEW YORK 
Principal Offices 
New York Bullalo Albany Boston 
