1056 
1 \ Ihe RURAL NEW-YORKER 
July 1 9 1 9 
CONCRETE 
Manure Pit 
will cost you 
nothing 
The horses and cows 
will pay for it. 
Unless stable manure 
is kept so that the val¬ 
uable liquid contents 
are saved, 50 per cent 
of the fertilizing value 
of the manure is lost. 
An average horse or 
co produces annual¬ 
ly manure worth $35. 
The liquid portion is 
worth nearly half of 
this. A concrete ma¬ 
nure pit will save it 
all. So you see how 
the horses and cows 
can present you with 
a concrete manure 
pit free of charge. 
B'ild one now and get 
the profits from this 
form of saving. 
Ask for our free booklet tell¬ 
ing how to build Concrete 
Manure Pits. Write our near¬ 
est district office. 
PORTLAND 
CEMENT 
ASSOCIATION 
Atlanta 
Chicago 
Dallas 
Denver 
Des Moines 
Detroit 
Offices at 
Helena 
Indianapolis 
Kansas City 
Los Angeles 
Milwaukee 
Minneapolis 
New York 
Parkersburg 
Pittsburgh 
Salt Lake City 
Seattle 
St. Louis 
Washington 
Concrete for Permanence 
Live Stock Matters 
Conducted By Prof. F. C. Minkler 
The Use and Abuse of the Self Feeder 
Economy in L.viiou. — The feeding 
problem naturally presents itself for solu¬ 
tion in pork production largely because 
the pig does very little else but eat. Pro¬ 
vided lie is supplied with dry sleeping 
quarters and given access to an abundance 
of concentrated feed lie does not make 
any other demands of his caretaker. This 
of course does not include problems in 
breeding, or the matter of caring for the 
brood sow and her litter, but rather ob¬ 
tains from the time that the pig is weaned 
until be reaches the most convenient mar¬ 
ketable age. It is common practice on the 
part of the pork' producer to rely upon 
the pig to consume waste products that 
cannot bo utilised in any other way. 
Probably the pig's greatest service is ren¬ 
dered through this quality of converting 
waste materials iuto useful food pro¬ 
ducts. Where the industry, however, is 
worked on a more extensive basis, and 
where the pig rather than being recog¬ 
nized as a scavenger, is looked upon as a 
medium .for economically producing pork 
products, it is necessary to determine the 
most efficient method of supplying con¬ 
centrated grain products for bis consump¬ 
tion. To this end the self-feeder has been 
quite generally accepted as a useful 
agency for feediug market pigs. It has 
not only endeavored to solve the problem 
of balancing rations, but it has* simplified 
the procedure of feeding. Its use insures 
that the pig will be liberally supplied 
with grain, and it has been demonstrated 
that fhe feed when thus supplied will be 
economically consumed. Growing and fat¬ 
tening pigs may be safely trusted to bal¬ 
ance their own rations, and supplied in 
this manner they will respond readily and 
rapidly. 
Easier Work. —The common laborer 
does not relish the task of mixing together 
sloppy feeds if conveniences are not at 
hand whereby he can be supplied with 
warm water, and the problem is a more 
difficult one during the season of the year 
when weather conditions are cold and 
unfavorable. Tt is much easier to direct 
your man to put certain feed products 
into one hopper and certain other feed 
products into another hopper, and feel 
assured that the pig will do his own mix¬ 
ing. and do it well. It is believed that 
when pigs are supplied their food through 
the medium of slop one individual con¬ 
sumes an excessive amount, while another 
pig is very apt to be underfed or crowded 
in the trough. Rather than eating the 
feed becatise his system really craves it 
the larger and more greedy pig feels that 
it is part of his responsibility to keep the 
other pig from obtaining his share; con¬ 
sequently some of the pigs may suffer 
from indigestion, owing to the fact that 
their stomachs are overloaded, while 
others may literally starve to death under 
opposite conditions. Again, where the 
self-feeder used, the feed being supplied 
in dry form is more thoroughly masti¬ 
cated. and, hence, more completely di¬ 
gested and assimilated. It also does away 
with unsanitary troughs and feeding 
utensils, and the owner is absolutely sure 
that all of the pigs arc liberally supplied 
with food. 
Method op Use. —It was believed that 
the self-feeder served its most useful pur¬ 
pose when supplying corn, middlings and 
tankage to market pigs. My own feeling 
in the matter prompts the suggestion that 
the most advantageous use of the self- 
feeder obtains when it is used as an 
agency for supplying brood sows and 
nursing pigs with their daily ration. I 
am convinced that we should develop the 
milking qualities of our brood sows. I 
believe that milk can be produced from 
a brood sow quite as economically as it 
can be produced from a dairy cow, and 
experience instifies the statement that the 
best pigs 7 in the most of our herds are 
farrowed and raised by the brood sow 
believed to be the most persistent and the 
' heaviest milker. Dairy cows produce their 
| maximum flow of milk under more or less 
pressure from the feeder, and T share the 
belief that a brood sow after the pigs are 
10 days or two weeks old should never 
be permitted to be hungry, but rather 
should have access to palatable feed at 
all times. By example the brood sow 
teaches her pigs to eat, and it has been 
my observation that fewer runts or dwarfs 
are found in herds whore the brood sows 
are fed in this manner. Furthermore, 
less difficulty is experienced at weaning 
time, and there is no check in the pigs’ 
gains or growth during this transition 
period. It would seem, therefore, that 
the first use of the self-feeder can be 
made with the brood sow and her nursing 
pigs, and it is appropriate to adopt this 
system of feeding as soon as the pigs are 
10 days or two weeks old. It would not 
be, appropriate to use the self-feeder pre¬ 
vious to this time in view of the fact that 
it might stimulate the flow of milk in the 
brood sow and thus make the pigs more 
subject to thumps and indigestion. 
Limiting Grain. —There seems to be 
some question concerning the practice of 
continuing and growing pigs on the self- 
feeder from weaning to marketing time, 
provided they have access to some green 
forage, such as rape. Soy beans, clover 
or combination mixtures. It has been 
observed by practical men that pigs do 
not forage liberally on the green crop in 
case they have access to a self-feeder 
which is kept supplied with concentrated 
feeds. It is believed that there is an ad¬ 
vantage in limiting the amount of grain 
fed to pigs during their growing period 
with the thought that their gains might 
be more economical if made from forage 
crops rather than from high priced grains. 
It is true, however, that the growing 
period is lengthened in case grain is not 
supplied in this manner, and in the long 
run it has not been definitely determined 
which practice in reality is the most de¬ 
sirable or economical. It is true that 
they will not consunte very much.forage 
when fed from a self-feeder, but it is 
equally _ true that the continual use of 
the self-feeder will shorten the feeding 
period from .‘10 to 50 days. Our experi¬ 
ments suggest that there is very little, 
difference in the total cost of gain in 
view of the fact that it required a greater 
amount of feed to produce 100 pounds of 
gain after the pigs have been grown on 
forage crops than prevails in instances 
where they have been continued on the 
self-feeder from weaning until marketing 
time. 
Wn kn I nADV isAiii.K; —The self-feeder 
should not be used with brood sows pre¬ 
vious to farrowing. It should not be used 
for feeding gilts intended for breeding 
purposes during tin* early stages of their 
growth following the weaning period in 
view of the fact that they arc apt to put 
ou excessive amounts of flesh, which may 
interfere with their breeding propensities 
later on. Furthermore, they are more 
apt to go down in their pasterns and not 
stand as rigidly on their toes. There 
seems to be no question concerning the 
use of tin 1 self-feeder for growing and 
maturing Fall pigs. It saves labor; it 
saves feed ; it saves pigs. In fact, where 
care is exercised in the handling of the 
feeder so that the animals will not waste 
the feed there appear to be no drawbacks 
to its use during this season of tlie year. 
The self-feeder in operation at the New 
Jersey Experiment Station is simple in 
construction and does not require the 
sendees of a mechanic. Its cost, even at 
the high price of lumber, is less than $12, 
and if it is desired to make the unit still 
larger the proportionate cost is still fur¬ 
ther reduced. 
Ayrshire Cattle Sale 
The first National Ayrshire sale was 
held at Springfield. Mass., June 12. 1010. 
Forty-four head brought a total of $71.- 
02 . 1 . an average of $1,621 per head. Lotus 
Jean Armour, consigned by IV. P. 
Seliank, Avon. N. Y.. flipped the sale at 
$8,100. being purchased by ('. II. Peverill, 
Waterloo. Iowa, at a world record price 
for the breed. Stephen Bull, Racine. 
Wis.. secured the second highest-priced 
animal of the sale in the seven-year-old 
Highland Polly, at $7,100. The consign¬ 
ment consisted of two males and 42 
females. Nancy’s Mintmaster, consigned 
by Wendover Farms, Bernardsville. N. 
.T.. Grand Champion at the National in 
1018. was purchased by T. ,T. Murphy, 
Devon, Pa., at $5,200. TV. T. Tonner, 
Torresdale. Philadelphia. Pa., was the 
largest bidder, securing 11 head for 
$14,110. The 44 head were distributed 
among 20 purchasers, in 10 different 
States. 
The annual New England Ayrshire 
Club sale, at Springfield, Mass.. .Tune 12. 
totaled $28,620 for 17 animals, or an 
average of $102 per head. Lessnessock 
Audacious, a young bull, born November, 
1018, consigned by Hunter Bros.. Free¬ 
man. Ontario, topped the sale at $2,000. 
the purchaser being Major John R. 
Valentine, Bryn Mawr, Pa. Sixteen 
breeders consigned, eight i>f them being 
from Canada. 
Coming Live Stock Sales 
July 4—Ilolsteins. Otsego County Hol¬ 
stein Club. Richfield Springs. N. Y. 
Oct. 6-8—Ilolsteins. Quality Holstein, 
Chicago, Ill. 
Oct. 8-0—Ilolsteins. Annual Dairy¬ 
men’s Sale. E. M. Hastings Co., Lacona, 
N. Y., manager. 
Oct. 0 — Central Illinois Shorthorn 
Breeders’ Association. Paris. Ill. 
Coming Farmers’ Meetings 
New Jersey State Horticultural 
So- 
from 
starting 
meeting, 
ciet.y. Summer meeting 
Freehold. July 11-12. 
Poultry and Duck Grower? 
Farmingdnle, L. I.. July 12. 
Connecticut Poultry men’s Association, 
field meeting. Connecticut Agricultural 
College. Storm, Aug. 4-5-6. 
Union Agricultural Association, sixty- 
fourth annual fair, Burgettstown. Pa.. 
Sept. 2(M )et. 1-12. 
New Jersey State Horticultural So- 
eietj. annual meeting. Atlantic City, 
prol jly Dec. 3-5. 
“There goes one of our most noted 
surgeons.” "He seems absent-minded,” 
“So he does, lit* looks as if lie might 
have mislaid uu appendix somewhere.”— 
• Birmingham Age-Herald. 
BERKSHIRES 
STONE’S 
BERKSHIRES 
•e w : ♦ 
1 We offer four March boars sired by 
Epochal of Stone Farm No. 255848 
from a litter of 9 out of 
Matchless May 
Also offer Aug., 1918 
Gilts bred to farrow in Sept, and Oct. 
at Attractive Prices 
RICHARD H. STONE 
Trumansburg, N. Y. 
A rare opportunity to get. a good start at ridi- 
cuotisly iow prices with 
PROLIFIC 
BERKSHIRES 
40 Spring l’igs sired by Rival Longfellow 
20th No. £38095 ami by Kiirha’s Duke 
Longfellow 3rd No. 267474, at 815 per 
pig; 827.50 per pair; 840 per trio. 
4 fourteen months obi Sows still open at 87 0 
apiece; 3 Hoars ready for service 890 apiece. 
All perfect and satisfaction guaranteed. 
lilarlia Farm 
Geo. L. Barker, Supt. Parksville. Sullivan Co.. N. Y 
^Choice Berkshires 
\Yc have some extra nice young 
boars, sows and gilts of Masterpiece 
and Double Champion 33rd breed¬ 
ing at prices that are right. 
Webb Farms Clinton Corners, N. Y. 
Large Berkshlres 
at High wood: 
Our customers write ouradvts. Letter from 
Harry Butler, New Dorp, N. Y.: "Received fhe 
tit'o sows and am reel/ pleased. They are surely fine 
individuals.''' Tile bulk of our orders come 
from old customers. 
H. C. & H. B. ilarpending, Box 15, Dundee, N.Y. 
Big Type BERKSHIRES 
Next Public Sale, October 25th, 1919 
Consisting of 60 head. Thirty boars ready for 
service and 30 open gilts of Spring 1919 farrow. 
No hogs are sold from this herd at private sale. 
C. H. CARTER, Whitguern Farm, West Chester, Pa. 
Anedjo Berkshires 
Are bred for size and qualify combined 
The big. mellow, easy feeding type, with neat heads, 
broad bucks and E -\ T l> A II EAV V II A M 8. 
foundation herds, ser\ ire boars, brood aowsand pig- 
H. M. TERWILLIGER.Mgr. Anedjo Farn;,Webster, Mass. 
Springbank Berkshires 
Sows and gilts 1 am offering are bred to Symbo- 
eer’s Superb, 2f>4:>36 and Duke’s Champion 22d, 
346254. for late March and April farrow. Three June, 
liilK, Service Boars out of a Charmer’s Star Master. 
No. 165723, Sow. Send for Historic pedigrees and 
price. J. K. WATSON, Marltleditle, Conn. 
BERKSHIRES 
Spring pigs of the kind 1 that will please you. 
Every pig guaranteed a breeder. Write for list. 
H. GKIMSHAW - - - NORTH EAST, PA. 
Registered BERKSHIRES 
Hits Both Sexes — Hitch Quality, ltcanouahle Prices. 
POWELL CREEK FARMS, Mays Landing:. N. J. 
SWINE 
Registered O.I.C.’sBred at Briarfon 
pigs, either lex. Prolille, healthy stock, raised by up to- 
date methods. Prices very reasonable. Absolute satisfac¬ 
tion guaranteed. Nf ISDN N. ALEXANDER, H.rrimin, Otenge Co.. N.T. 
Registered O. I. C. PIGS 
master.” Also bred sows. K D. HII.L, WESTWOOD, N. J. 
Raw O 1 O D loe Silver strain. Uetter than 
• ■ o 1 * ■ ■ IgS ,,v«r. 8 to 10 week s. 
Hither sex. *15. BRUBAKER BROS., Miffliutown, Pa. 
Reg. Chester White Pigs-S15 and up 
can furnish pairs: trios not akin. Bred gilts for Au¬ 
gust farrowing. A. A. SCH0FELL, Hcuvelton. New Yoik 
SERVICE BOARSS 
of the ideal home-use or private-trade breed, the t’besb. 
ire. Ready now. MOKNI.MISIIIK itkm, svlvama. c* 
h AC ft 1 ) 1 c The New York Farmers il« g. 
'Ly 1 i v o II ll v c) Young stock foi wile, 
DEPT. OF ANIMAL III’SHANDKY, Cornell University, Ithaca. V Y. 
unnr D 1 n n M theory of Starving Kurope. The 
111 UnC D n W U ll prolific Tamworth produces it 
at smallest cost. Investigate. W. W MORTON, Russellville, Ky. 
Reg 0.1. C. and Chester White Pigs 
INTERESTING GARDEN BOOKS 
A Woman’s Hardy Garden — By Mrs. 
H. R. Ely .$1.75 
Old Time Gardens— Bu A. M. Earle 2.50 
Flowers and Ferns in Their Haunts — 
BuM.O. Wright . . . .2.00 
Plant Physiology - By Duggan . . 1.60 
For sale by Rural New-Yorker, 333 W. 30th St.. N.Y. 
