'Tht RURAL NEW-YORKER 
1519 
Live Stock Questions 
Answered By Prof. F. C. Minkler 
Making Hog Pasture 
I have four acres of cleared ground 
which I would like to make into a hog 
pasture. Ground is in fair shape with 
exception of small stones. Would it he 
practical to divide this into Golds of one 
acre each and plant rye or wheat on one 
acre, oats on another, rape or clover on 
the other, and corn on one for fattening 
off in the Fall? Iiow many hogs could I 
keep? I have some skim-milk and stale 
bread which I would feed when small. 
There is plenty of water handy. I am 
now using the field fo" cutting hay only. 
My idea is to turn hogs into one acre and 
Jet them clean it up and then into another, 
etc.; or would it be better to let them 
have the whole four acres at once? 
Connecticut. M. A. n. 
Pork production continues to invite the 
interest of the farmer who is anxious to 
increase the production of a given area 
and at the same time convert the hulk of 
his home-grown materials into pork for 
market or home use. Your suggestion of 
devoting four acres to the production of 
forage crops for swine is a practical one, 
yet it will be necessary to modify this ro¬ 
tation somewhat if the best results are to 
prevail. You do not state what state of 
cultivation the four acres are now in, 
but assuming that they could be plowed 
this Fall and seeded with rye or wheat, T 
would suggest that two acres be plowed 
and seeded with wheat, and the other two 
acres be plowed and seeded with rye. 
These Winter grains will make succulent 
feed during the early Spring, the rye par¬ 
ticularly making it possible to turn the 
pigs out into the fields before the other 
grasses are ready for pasture. After the 
pigs have made the first clean-up in the 
rye T would plow it under as a cover crop 
and seed the area with a mixture of oats, 
Dwarf Essex rape and Sweet clover, using 
a bushel of oats, G lbs. of rape and 12 lbs. 
of white blooming Sweet clover. It will 
be possible to pasture this forage about 
six weeks after seeding, preferably when 
the plants are six to eight inches high. T 
would follow the same practice with the 
wheat, letting the pigs pasture on this 
during the early Spring, then during the 
month of May plow this as well and seed 
it with either oats, rape and Sweet clover, 
or rape, Soy beans and Sweet clover, de¬ 
pending upon the season of the year that 
it is possible to prepare the ground for 
planting. An acre of such forage crops 
will carry about 2,000 lbs. of live weight. 
In other words, it would be possible to 
pasture 20 pigs weighing 100 lbs. apiece, 
or 10 pigs weighing 200 lbs. apiece, or 
approximately five brood sows with their 
accompanying litters. If you are anxious 
to produce some grains on this small area, 
then a portion of the field that is devoted 
to either wheat or rye could be plowed 
and planted with corn about the middle 
of May, and the hogs could be turned into 
this field for the purpose of hogging down 
the corn about September 1. I take it 
from your inquiry that you are not at¬ 
tempting to produce pork on a very ex¬ 
tensive scale, and I would suggest that 
possibly 10 or 12 brood sows would be 
the best number for the first unit, and 
afterwards you could increase the num¬ 
ber ; but it is much better to have plenty 
of forage than to run short and be com¬ 
pelled to buy abundantly of high-priced 
feed for feeding purposes. . 
Improving Neglected Pigs 
I have some Hampshire pigs which are 
fine stock and eligible to registry, but have 
been handled badly. I want to do my 
best with them ; have used equal parts of 
salt, sulphur and iron sulphate (pow¬ 
dered) for worms; teaspoonful to a sliote 
in slop twice a day for four or five days. 
Is anything better? 1 can get oats. How 
would equal parts of ground oats, wheat 
middlings and cornmeql do for a change, 
and a little tankage or oilmeal? w. P. L. 
North Carolina. 
The mineral mixture that you suggest, 
salt, sulphur and iron sulphate, will serve 
efficiently in keeping the pigs’ systems 
free from parasites, although instances 
are frequent where the infestation is of 
long standing that such-materials are not 
effective. The old-fashioned remedy of 
starving a pig for 24 hours and then giv- 
iug him a tablespoonful of turpentine iu 
a pint of milk, provided he weighs 50 lbs., 
will invariably eliminate worms. If I 
used the salt, sulphur, sulphate mixture 
I would keep the materials before the 
pigs at all times. It is a harmless com¬ 
bination and will serve usually as an ap¬ 
petizer. Equal portions of oats and mid¬ 
dlings to which 10 per cent of tankage or 
15 per cent of oilmeal were added would 
make a very satisfactory ration for grow¬ 
ing pigs, and animals fed in this man¬ 
ner will develop a frame that will carry 
Considerable flesh later on when the pig 
is given a full ration of corn, barley ox- 
other carbohydrate carrying material. 
Products, Prices and Trade 
NEW YORK, OCTOBER 2, 1919. 
These prices and notes are believed to 
be fairly representative of the current of 
trade here. The range given in the quo¬ 
tations covers the qualities ou hand at 
the time. The best grade of most fruits 
and vegetables, live stock and poultry on 
sale one week may be much better or 
poorer than next week’s offerings, so that 
a lower top price on such products does 
not necessarily mean a lower general mar¬ 
ket. This does not apply to butter, cheese 
and eggs, which are more thoroughly 
standax-dized. 
MILK PRICES. 
New York, for October. $3.11 per 100 
lbs. for 3 per cent milk at points 200 to 
210 miles from the city, with 4c per 100 
additional, for every tenth of 1 per cent 
buttex-fat over 3. This price to the pro¬ 
ducer is 10c per 100 lbs. lower than for 
September. The reduction is caused by 
the lower price of cheese, which is used 
in connection with 92 score butter quo¬ 
tations at New York, iu figuring milk 
prices to the producer at present. Retail 
prices for bottled milk are: Grade A, 
18c; Grade B, 16c. 
BUTTER. 
Top grades of creamery and dairy are 
four cents higher, and practically all 
grades have made some advance. Market 
offerings of good butter are light and the 
recent heavy price inci-eases have thus 
far ‘failed to check consumption. The 
amount of butter reported iu cold storage 
October 1 in the four largest markets, 
Chicago, New York. Boston and Phila¬ 
delphia, was 80,328,934 lbs. These figures 
do not cover nearly all holdings. An ad¬ 
ditional profit of one cent ou these 80,- 
000,000 lbs. is $800,000, and every addi¬ 
tional cent is that much more out of the 
pockets of consumers, with no advantage 
to producers. The middlemen appear to 
have all the trumps. 
Creamery, fanoy lb. 65 d 66 
Good to Choice . 57 w 62 
Lower Grades. 19 a 54 
City made. 45 l a 49 
Dairy, best . 62 @ 63 
Common to good . 46 d 54 
Packing Slock. 43 d 47 
CHEESE. 
Interior markets in New York and Wis¬ 
consin are firm and business here some¬ 
what larger, at a fractional advance. 
Whole Milk, fancy . 31 « Rllj 
Good to choice. 29 d 3o>4 
Skims, best. 21 d 22 
Fair to good... 14 @ 16 
EGGS. 
All types of fresh eggs are very scarce. 
Top grades of both white and brown are 
four to five cents higher, and even the 
lowest quality of gathered has advanced 
two cents. Storage eggs are two to three 
cents higher. The quantity reported hi 
Storage in New York, Boston. Chieago 
and Philadelphia, October 1. was 3,405,- 
474 cases <>f 30 dozen, or something over 
102.000.000 dozen. The remarks made 
above about butter, both as to the known 
amount in storage and the handlers’ 
profits, apply here likewise. 
White, nearby, choice to fancy. 83 d 84 
Medium to good . 75 d 80 
Mixed colors, nearby best. 74 d 75 
Common ti <ooil. 60 d 69 
Gathered, best, white. 80 d 82 
Medium to good, mixed colors ... 60 d 68 
Lower grades .. 45 d 55 
Storage. 46 d 52 
LIVE STOCK. 
Native Steers. 13 00 dl7 75 
Bulls . 6 00 d 8 50 
Cows. 1 00 « 9 00 
Calves, prime veal, 100 lbs..22 00 a25 00 
Culls.10 00 (§117 00 
Hogs.15 00 d 18 50 
Sheep. 100 lbs. 6 00 d 8 50 
Lambs ...14 00 @17 00 
LIVE POULTRY. 
Receipts are fairly large and demand 
active on heavy fowls and ehiokeus. Sales 
are reported at: Fowls. 30 to 34 ; chick¬ 
ens. 32 to 34 : roosters. 21 ; turkeys. 25 to 
30; ducks, 35 to 45; geese, 22 to 25. 
PRESSED POULTRY. 
Demand moderate, except on prime 
chickens and large fowls. 
Turkeys, lb. 35 a 45 
Chickens choice lb. 43 d 45 
Fair to Good .. 34 @ 40 
Broilers, lb. 42 d 48 
Fowls. 33 d 39 
Roosters. 21 a 22 
Ducks . 35 @ 36 
Squabs, doz... 2 00 d 8 50 
BEANS. 
Marrow, 100 lbs.... .10 50 
Pea. 7 00 
Medium . 7 00 
Red Kidney.10 50 
White Kidney,.12 25 
Yellow Eye. 7 00 
Lima, California.....13 00 
Fruits. 
Apples, Wealthy, bbl. 
Fall Pipo'ms. 
Twenty Ounce. 
Oldenburg. 
Wolf River. 
Greening. 
Gravenstein. 
McIntosh. 
Jonathan. 
Windfalls. 
Pears, Anjou, bbl. 
Seckel, bbl. 
Oranges, box . 
Lemons. box . 
Grape Fruit.. 
Pineapples. 36s to 30s. 
Peaches, 6-bkt. crate. 
Bu. bkt. 
Muskmelnns, bu. 
Cranberries, bbl. 
Plums. 6-lb. bkt. 
Grapes, 8-bkt, crate. 
... 4 00 
... 5 00 
... 1 00 
.. 3 CO 
... 5 00 
... 4 I'O 
... I 00 
...I 50 
... 4 00 
... 1 00 
... 6 00 
... 6 00 
... 6 00 
... 0 50 
... 5 00 
... 4 50 
... 3 50 
... 1 50 
. 2 00 
... 7 00 
... 50 
... 1 00 
VEGETABLES. 
Potatoes—Long Island, bbl. 5 00 
Jersey, bbl. .3 U0 
Sweet Potatoes, bu. .... 75 
Beets, bbl. 2 00 
Carrots, bbl. 150 
Cabbage—bbl.. 1 00 
Lettuce, balf-bbl. basket.... 50 
Onions. 100 lbs. 2 00 
String Beans bu. 75 
Squash, bbl,.1 00 
Egg Plants, bn. 1 00 
Turnips, rutabaga, bbl. 1 00 
Okra, bu. . 1 50 
Cucumbers, bu. 1 50 
Peas. bu. bkt. .. .. ! 50 
Tomatoes. 6-bkt. crate.1 00 
bu-bkt. 2 00 
Radishes. 100 bunches . 1 00 
Sweet Corn, 100 ears. 1 00 
Horseradish, 100 lbs. . 4 00 
Peppers, bbl..1 50 
Komalne, bu . 5Cf 
Mushrooms, lb... 60 
©11 75 
d 8 25 
d 8 25 
@1.3 75 
d 12 50 
d 7 50 
@13 75 
& 8 50 
d 6 50 
@ 7 00 
d 7 00 
@ 7 00 
® 7 00 
@ 7 50 
@ 9 00 
@ 7 50 
@ 1 75 
@ 7 00 
dl2 00 
@ 3 50 
© 9 50 
@ 8 50 
d 7 50 
@ 4 00 
d 3 60 
@ .3 00 
@ 8 50 
@ 65 
d 1 25 
@5 50 
@ 4 25 
@ 1 75 
© 2 50 
@ 2 50 
@ 1 75 
@ 150 
d 4 00 
@ 2 00 
@ 2 50 
@ 2 00 
@ 1 75 
@ 2 75 
® 3 00 
d 3 00 
@ 2 75 
@ 3 25 
© 2 00 
® 2 50 
@ 6 00 
@ 2 50 
® 1 25 
® 1 25 
HAY AND STRAW. 
Hay. Timothy, No. 1. ton. 33 00 @34 00 
No. 2.29 00 @3100 
No. 3 .26 00 @28 00 
Shipping.22 00 @25 00 
Clover.mixed.24 00 @3100 
Straw, Rye.14 00 @17 00 
WOOL 
Recent business reported has been 
mainly in fine combing wools. About 50,- 
000 bales of Australian and New Zealand 
wool are expected to be ou sale in Boston 
early in December. Current prices at 
Boston are: New York and Michigan 
fine unwashed, 63 to 64c; unwashed de¬ 
laine, 78 to 82c; half blood. 75 to 78c. 
Ohio and Michigan .half-blood combing, 
80 to 81c; unwashed delaine. 82 to 86c. 
New England half blood, 72 to 75c; three- 
eighths blood, 63 to 64c. 
Prices reported from English sales for 
the season have run much ahead of last 
year. Cheviot sold at 78 to S6c; Oxford, 
81 to 90c; Shropshire and Hampshire, 
S2c to $1.01; Dorest. 97c to $1.08; half- 
breed down, SO to S6e, which were all 
nearly double last years prices. 
Ailing Animals 
Answered by Dr. A. S. Alexander 
Cat Coughing 
How should distemper, or something 
like it, be treated in a cat? It has 
sneezed for about two mouths till about 
three weeks ago, when there was a sort 
of gathering and breaking in its throat. 
There was a hole in his throat from the 
outside, under the chin, about as big as 
a quarter, but it is neai-ly healed up now. 
He has stopped sneezing, but there is 
still a cough. He seems happy and con¬ 
tented. except when coughing. C. R. W. 
New York. 
The cough gradually will disappear if 
you let the cat live an outdoor life, ex¬ 
cept iu wet weather. Feed raw meat. If 
the cough persists give a little simule 
cough syrup two or three times daily. 
You can buy the syrup at the drug store, 
but it must not contain any strong drug. 
Otitis 
Will you advise me how to cure a dog 
with discharging ear. discharge having a 
very offensive odor? I have been syringe- 
ing it twice a day with boric acid and 
water, also peroxide at times, but it does 
not seem to improve. R. H. f. 
New York. 
Twice daily perfectly cleanse the ear 
with wood alcohol on a swab of absorbent 
cotton; then lay the dog down and pour 
into the ear a little of the following lo¬ 
tion, holding him ou his side until the 
sediment settles : Acetate of lead. 1 dram : 
powdered alum, 1 dram; carbolic acid. 
3 drops; glycerine, 30 drops; soft water 
or distilled water, 2 ounces. Keep the 
dog out of water. The trouble often is 
caused by failing to dry the ears after a 
bath. Make him live au outdoor life, so 
far as possible, and feed lightly. 
Calf With Indigestion 
I have three Holstein calves 14 weeks 
old T give them to drink, half whole 
milk and half warm water, and feed them 
crushed oats and clover hay morning and 
night, turning them out to goad pasture 
four hours in the day. Two of them ai-e 
sleek and fine. The other’s coat is very 
rough, the hair stands up, much of it the 
wrong way. She does not eat the ground 
oats readily, but will gobble and bolt a 
bale of clover bay if allowed to. Her 
stomach is very much distended, whether 
she is allowed to eat much or little. She 
started to scour, but T gave her eggs and 
bismuth. That stopped the scouriug. but 
the bloated stomach, gobbling and drink¬ 
ing in gulps remains. What shall I do? 
Connecticut. J. S. 
Chronic indigestion affects this calf and 
it may have come fi-om foreign bodies 
swallowed by the animal, or from hair 
balls, or large, tough curds of milk. Keep 
it off pasture and feed whole oats, wheat 
bran and oilmeal, in addition to a little 
silage and clover hay. Also feed milk 
and in it mix lime water at the rate of 
one ounce to the pint. To stax-t treat¬ 
ment give the calf a full dose of castor oil 
shaken up in milk. If the bloating 
then continues give a teaspoonful of bi¬ 
carbonate of soda and two of powdered 
wood charcoal twice daily in the feed, or 
in gruel. If the calf happens to be in¬ 
fested with lung worms, which cause a 
orotxpy cough, treatment for destruction 
of the parasites should be given under di¬ 
rection of a trained veterinarian. 
Catarrh 
I have a pony, 19 years old; weighs 900 
lbs.; very fat and roly-poly. I have to 
board him out Winters, and I do not 
think he gets good care, though I have 
tried several places. For about two years 
I have noticed that he seems to draw up 
out of his throat pieces of thick yellow 
matter and chew and swallow it. A 
farmer told me it was catarrh of the 
stomach from my over-feeding him. He 
runs in a three-acre pasture when we are 
xiot using him. and he seems and acts per¬ 
fectly well and happy, but of course I 
know there is something wrong some¬ 
where. What could it be, and what 
should I give him for it? e. w. W. 
Wisconsin. 
Vi e wonder if the yellow matter has 
been seen, or if you are ouly suspecting 
that it is brought up and-swallowed? If 
you are not familiar with the symptoms 
of cribbing and wind sucking, the actions 
of your pony may be due to that vice. 
The affected horse catches hold of a man¬ 
ger or other object with its teeth, or rests 
its chin xinon some object and gulps down 
air. That vice or habit is incurable and 
causes indigestion in time. If it is the 
fact that matter is brought up and swal¬ 
lowed it would come from the nose or au 
abscess in the throat or lungs, and were 
that so there would doubtless be a foul 
odor from the mouth. Under the circum¬ 
stances you should have a qualified vet¬ 
erinarian examine the pony and decide 
what actually is wrong. We cannot pre¬ 
scribe without making such an examina¬ 
tion. 
Lip and Leg Ulceration 
We have a two-year-old Shropshire 
sheep that has been ailing some time. 
Aside from her getting thin, the first we 
noticed anything out of the way was a 
boil on the side of her jaw. Now there 
are several under the jaw; they look 
black and white, and seem to be hard. 
We thought she had stomach worms, anti 
doctored her for that. She does not seem 
to be any better, keeps around and eats, 
but is very thin and lies down a good 
deal. Would you tell us what you think 
the trouble is, and if there Is any x-emedy? 
New York. c. J. s. 
The bat rill us necrophorus, a tilth micro¬ 
organism. causes such a condition, and it 
is termed lip and leg ulceration, for 
usually those parts are simultaneously 
affected. It is possible, too, that there 
is some internal trouble, or that, the 
mouth also is ulcerated. Scrape each 
ulcer and saturate with*tincture of iodine 
once daily for three or four days; then 
apply a two per cent solution of perman¬ 
ganate of potash twice daily. Treat ul¬ 
cers iu the mouth the same way. If that 
does not suffice use a four per cent solu¬ 
tion of nitrate of silver to cauterize the 
ulcers. It may be added that beards of 
foxtail grass or needle grass sometimes 
cause troublesome boils about the muz¬ 
zles of sheep. They are treated by appli¬ 
cations of tincture of iodine and lancing. 
Votniting 
1 have a Jersey cow six yeax*s old, 
which was perfectly healthy up till Febru¬ 
ary last, when she seemed to become sud¬ 
denly ill. Any food she took was vomited 
up with quite a quantity of slimy, clear 
matter. This would last for a day or 
two, when she would get well, and chew 
her cud as usual. Iu a few days the 
trouble returned, and has continued more 
or less up to the present. She calved the 
first of June, and was bad at that time, 
although she gave 18 quarts of milk per 
day. I notice that when she eats hay the 
trouble comes back. What is her trouble, 
and can she he cured, and by what means? 
Maine. J. l. 
It is to ho suspected that the cow has 
swallowed a shsirp object, sxxch as a wire, 
mill or needle, and that it has transfixed 
the wall of the stomach, or lodged iu the 
heart wall. Another possible cause would 
be au ulcerated condition of the stomach 
or a growth of some sort interfering with 
the digestive organs. A search for the 
cause should be made by a trained vet¬ 
erinarian ; meauwhile mix a tablespoonful 
each of pwodered wooxi charcoal and 
granular hyposulphite of soda iu the feed 
night and morning, for iudigestiou also 
may be the cause of such vomiting. 
A certain colored gentleman in Mobile 
was left a widower in his old age. Not 
long after he suddenly announced his in¬ 
tention to marry again, adding, half apol 
ogetically: "But. mah friend, ah never 
would have thought of it if mah Louisa 
hadn’t died.”—Harper’s. 
