REVIEWS. 
321 
Ferns, Mosses, Lichens, Characeae, Algae, and Fungi, will never be at a loss to 
distinguish them from every and all of the Cotyledonous tribes. Again, 
Cotyledonous Plants form two natural groups, not difficult to be recog¬ 
nised by external habit, and may be defined by certain characters. In the 
Dicotyledonous, the roots ar e fibrous or fusiform , never truly bulbous ; the stems 
have an evident bark distinct from the wood , increasing by fresh layers within, 
(known by the name of liber ;) a woody body, increasing by new layers on the 
outside, a central medulla or pith , from which the medullary rays diverge ; leaves 
articulated on the stem with branched and anatomising veins; & floral cover¬ 
ing or Perianth , mostly double (Calyx and Corolla,) with the parts of the flower 
very commonly guinary rarely indeed ternary; an Embryo with two op¬ 
posite (rarely more and then verticillate) Cotyledonous ; a radicle exposed, or 
external developing at once into the root; hence the class is by some called Ex- 
ogenEjE. The Monocotyledones have the root fibrous , frequently bulbous , 
or rather bulbiferor , the stems have no distinct bark, no real wood, no medul¬ 
lary canal, no medullary rays; there are no annual layers, but the tubular vessels 
are indiscriminately scattered, and the increase takes place in the centre; the 
leaves are frequently sheathing at the base, they are firmly attached to the stem, 
and have parallel veins; sometimes connected by transverse ones, rarely 
branched or anatomising; floral covering or perianth , mostly single, or, if dou¬ 
ble, the outer and inner are rarely distinguishable in colour and form, and the 
parts of the flower are veiy generally ternary ; Embryo with only one cotyledon ; 
a radicle , usually inclosed within the substance of the embryo, which it bursts 
on its developement, hence the term Endogenae, applied by some to this class. 
The key to the study of the Natural arrangement, let it be remembered, and a 
most important one it is, is the Linnean system; for when a person has once ac¬ 
quired a general knowledge of plants by that simple method, he will find the 
path to this higher department smooth and easy, which to another would appear 
full of asperities and difficulties.” 
PRACTICAL GARDENING, CLEAR, SIMPLE, AND CONCISE, 
FOR THE USE OF ALL CLASSES ; 
Containing many new and valuable Directions for improved Culture and early Production 
BY MARTIN DOYLE, 
Author of “ Hints to Small Farmers ,” Sfc. Sfc. Sfc .—12 mo. — Is. 6d. 
We are much gratified with the contents of this little book; its simplicity may 
render it of considerable use. Mr. Doyle has divided his subject into three parts. 
In the first are given Directions for Sowing, Planting, &c. in the form of a 
monthly calendar. The second contains Observations on the Culture of Seeds 
and Plants, referred to in the foregoing Calendar; and the third furnishes the 
reader with necessary information, on Producing early Crops of Vegetables, 
and the Treatment of some of the Fruit-Trees usually growing in the kitchen. 
The whole, together with an index, comprises 112 pages, and may be considered 
an excellent treatise to be placed in the hands of the cottager. 
Y 
