22 
Reviews and Extracts. 
greater than the part of the trunk which will be cleared.” This will be more dis¬ 
tinctly known by the following table:—in it, the statements are made at intervals 
of 4 years, for the sake of brevity; the growth 6f the tree too, for the sake of sim¬ 
plicity, is assumed to be the same in each year, namely 15 inches; “this” he sjiys, 
“ I am well aware, is much less than the annual growth of properly pruned trees, 
the assumption therefore, is merely taken up as one convenient for illustrating the 
effects of this system of pruning ;— 
Height of 
tree. 
Number of 
tiers. 
No. of tiers 
remaining 
No. of tiers; Length cov. 
removed, j remaining. 
Length of 
naked trunk 
At 15 ft. high & 12 } 
feet 
0 
feet. 
feet 
tiers of branches 5 
15 
12 
12 
15 
0 
Four years after .... 
20 
16 
12 
4 
15 
5 
Four years after,.... 
25 
20 
12 
8 
15 
10 
Four years after,.... 
30 
24 
12 
12 
15 
15 
Four years after,.... 
35 
28 
12 
16 
15 
20 
Four years after,.... 
40 
32 
12 
20 
15 
25 
“In the last line of the table, it will be seen, that at 33 years of age, at the as¬ 
sumed rate of growth, the tree will be 40 feet in Ireight, it will have had 32 tiers 
of branches, of which 12 are still remaining, and 20 removed ; and the height of 
the part of the stem cleared of branches will be 25 feet, and of the part covered 
with branches 15 feet.” He says, the proportion be has “ found best is, the trunk to 
be about three-fifths of the whole height, and the head two-fifths, that is, in a tree of 
the size in question, 45 feet of trunk to 30 feet .of head.” He sets this down as a 
rule for forest trees, but where trees are intended for ornament or shelter, a difier- 
ent mode of pruning will be required to be adopted. For ornament, the object is 
to have large heads with long pendulous branches. In such circumstances the tree 
may be pruned to the height of 5,6, or more feet, as may suit the taste of the indi¬ 
vidual, annually shortening and cutting off the branches as recommended for forest 
trees, until they are at the height required; and to produce the conical form, the 
long branches ought to be shortened ; and in those which are of a proper length, 
and are not required to grow longer, the buds on the extreniities of the branches 
should be cut off. Where shelter alone is wanted, in general the branches should 
only be shortened. Trees in plantations, &c., by this mode of shortening are in 
a great measure prevented from suffering by the destructive effects of heavy fulls 
of snow. 
Old trees that have been neglected, he proceeds to state, may be greatly im¬ 
proved by this system. But after the shortening's have been performed, a consider¬ 
able period must elapse before the branches are cut off close to the stem, which 
must be performed with much care, first by being cut off about 12 or 18 inches 
from the stem, and finally, by being cut off close, but so as not to injure the adjoin¬ 
ing bark. 
Article II .—Catalogue of British Works on Gardening, 
Rural Subjects, 8fc. 
1. —Edward’.s Botanical Register, &c. (new series) by John 
Lindley, F.R.S. &c., Professor of Botany to the London Uni- 
vei^ity. Monthly numbers, 8vo., 4s. coloured. 
VoL. IV, No. 3, FOR MAV, CONTAINS, 
Cdlllvya Gulldta, Spotted Cattleya;—this species is very remarkable for 
the curious spotting of the flowers; it was sent from Brazil, by the Right 
