VI,—JIONTHLY HORTICULTURAL CALENDAR. 
FOE OCTOBER. 
The past month lias l>een remarkably favourable for most Horticultural ojierations; the wea¬ 
ther has been particularly dry; seeds have ripened'vvell, and such fruit-trees that have been 
pifrperly manaifed, have all the appearance of produciny^ an abundant crop of fruit next 
season, providing tlie spring should prove favourable. We wish to impress upon those persons 
who have fruit-trees to plant, that this is the best season of the year for tlie purpose, and 
particularly so till the leaves have dropped, after which, it is as well to defer the operation 
until early in the spring; it must be remembered that leaves are vital organs, and so long as 
deciduous plants retain them, circulation is still in operation; it is therefore much better to 
remove all trees, with most part of the leaves on, so that by their co-operation, the tree may 
be established in its new habitation, before the severe weather advances. All trees may be 
removed with safety this month, and the sooner it is done the better. Every dry day should 
now be made the most of, in getting and storing fruits, winter vegetables, and also to remove 
small weeds, which appear rather numerously in the beginning of this month; indeed October 
is one of the most important months in the year to Horticulturalists. Roots, vegetables, &c., 
have now to be carefully preserved for winter use, and many preparations for the ensuing year- 
FRUIT DEPARTMENT. 
Apples should now be gathered in dry days, and carefully placed in the fruit-room: those 
who have no fruit-room, may put the more choice kinds into earthen jars, securing 
the top of the jar so as to make it air tight. If there is neither fruit-room or any in door 
convenience, they may be pitted in the same manner as potatoes.—If this is done, take 
care to use clean straw to cover them, before the soil is put on. Broken stone or cinder- 
ashes ought to be put at the bottom of all pits, used for preserving fruits, and care should 
be taken to put such sorts into one pit, as will ripen nearly at the same time. Where 
there is more than one sort in a pit, there should be a division of soil put betwixt them. 
Apricot^ Peach, and Nectarine Trees should be kept securely nailed to the wall, as the 
branches, at this season, if neglected, are liable to be broken by the winds. To accelerate 
the ri])ening of the wood, it is necessary to go over the trees and carefully shorten the 
leaves one half, to admit the sun’s rays. 
Cherries and Plums, in the latter end of the month, if the leaves have fallen off, must be pruned 
and nailed. 
Gooseberries and Currants may be pruned as soon as the leaves fall; in doing this, leave a 
regular snpply of young wood from the bottom, to fill up the places of decayed unfruitful 
branches that may be taken out. 
Strawberries may still be planted, if omitted last month ; but it is better to plant in Septem¬ 
ber, as early frosts injure late plantations. 
Planting. This is the best season to plant Apples, Bears, Cherries, Plums, Apricots, Peaches and 
Nectarines; in doing so, preserve the roots as entire as possible, and do not tread them 
down. 
FLOWER DEPARTMENT. 
Fibrous.rooted Plants may be increased by dividing their roots. 
Carnation Layers, must be kept free from weeds and protected from heavy rains, frosts, and 
cutting winds. 
Auriculas. —See No. 2, page 57 of the Register. 
Dahlias require particular attention this month; for their ti’eatment, refer to page 14-3 of the 
present number. 
Flant I’ulips, Ranunculus, Anemonies, Hyacinths, and the more common sorts of bulbs 
they must be protected from heavy rains and frosts, by coverings, which should be removed 
in open weather. 
Chrysanthemums, in pots ought to be removed into the green-house. Care should be taken to 
admit as much air as possible to strengthen the plants and prevent them showing their 
flower-buds weakly. Chrys'anthernums against w’alls must be kept neatly nailed up. 
Forcing. All plants from the natural ground, intended for forcing in the spring, should now be 
carefully potted; taking care to preserve as much of the roots as possible, such as Roses, 
Pinks, &c. &c. 
VEGETABLE DEPARTMENT. 
Cabbages, for spring crops, should now be planted. A small bed should be pricked out, four 
inches apart, to fill up with in the spring, or to plant out, as occasion may require, for a 
second crop. 
Celery. Continue to earth up Celery in dry weather; let it be perfectly dry, and be careful 
not to earth it up too high, as it retards its growth; care should be taken not to let the 
earth jienetrate to the heart in the operation. 
Cardnons, before eating, must have their leaves tied up, earthing them carefully afterwards. 
Cauliflowers may now he planted in south aspects, under hand glasses, for an early crop; late 
sown plants should be pricked under a frame to stand the winter; 50 or GO plants should 
be planted in pots, about 5 inches in diameter, and plunged in a cold frame, to plant in the 
spring for an early crop. 
Lettuce, to stand the winter, should now be planted in a warm situation; keep a supply in 
the frames, lest the frosts should cut off those planted on the borders. 
Peas and Deans, may be sown for an early crop: but they are not to he depended upon; but it 
' is always advisable to sow a few in favourable situations. 
Carrots, Parsnips, Beet, Scorzonera, Salsify, ^’c., should be taken up; choose a dry sunny day 
for the purpose ; let them be carefully conveyed to the root-cellar, and burieil in sand. 
Onions, if not done last month, must now'be taken up; let them remain for a few days expo¬ 
sed to the sun and air, until they are perfectly dry, and then remove them to the onion- 
room, vvhich should be in a dry, airy, situation. 
Mushroom-beds may still be made, where wanting. 
Asparagus aud Artichokes, towards the end of the month should receive their winter dressing, 
and be carefully protected from frosts. 
Herbs for forcing in the winter should now be potted, as Mint, Tarragon, &c. 
fi.Jewitt, Printer, Duffield, near Derby. 
