32 HINTS ON RAISING FARM CROPS 
seed. It may be broadcasted by hand, which 
consists of simply scattering it as uniformly 
as possible by hand, or it may be sown with 
the regular broadcast seeders. Also there are 
certain attachments that come with some 
makes of grain drills that make this seeding 
a simple process. The wheel-barrow spreader, 
or seeder, is also used to quite an extent, and 
this perhaps gives about as even distribution 
of seed as any system. As grass seed is quite 
small, there is always a danger of covering the 
seed too deep. Unless in a dry climate, the 
seed can be sown on top of the land, and then 
a smoothing harrow, or drag, can be run over 
the seed, covering it from one-half to one 
inch in depth. Better results can be secured 
by covering it only half an inch than an inch 
deep. 
Most meadows are plowed up after a few 
years, and put to other uses, such as corn, 
small grains, etc., according to the prevailing 
rotations for particular sections of the country. 
However, on low land, or land that is not cap¬ 
able of raising a good crop of these other farm 
products, permanent meadows are quite com¬ 
mon. It is a common practice to pasture new 
seeding in the fall of the year by farmers who 
find that they have run short of pasture or 
some other form of feed. This is a practice 
that should be tabooed, because with legum¬ 
inous plants, which require two seasons to 
produce a crop, they are greatly weakened 
and often fail to survive the rigid winter 
weather of the North. These plants need all 
the top growth they can make during the first 
