THE STUDY OF THE SCIENCE OF BOTANY. 
259 
This class is, with the exception of Syngenesia and Gynandria , the 
most natural and best-defined of all Linnaeus's great groups, or, as he 
names them, classes. 
The first order contains, for the kitchen or laboratory, rosemary, 
hyssop, balm, thyme, mint, and marjoram ; and for the flower-garden, 
the various species of Dracocephalum, Phlomis, Lavendula , &c. 
The second order contains a considerable portion of Acanthacece, 
containing many genera of much beauty, but few of interest as useful 
plants. Among the ornamental families every one will recognise the 
Bignonia, with its elegant orange or yellow trumpet-flowers, and fre¬ 
quently twining stem ; the Jacaranda , with its fern-like umbrageous 
foliage and magnificent diadem of blue; the Acanthus , consecrated to 
sculpture; the noble Clerodendron, the pride of the Japanese; and 
the modest eye-brights of our English meadows. In one part of the 
class we have the Vervain surrounded by its mystic moonlight charms; 
in another, the Antirrhinum tribe, remarkable for the grotesque resem¬ 
blance of its blossoms to the snouts of animals; and close behind it 
imperial Pedicularis, proudly rearing her heraldic honours among the 
snows and deserts of the frozen north. Orders two, viz. 
Gymnospermia, from gymnos, naked, and sperma, seed; having 
the seeds placed in the bottom of the calyx without any other 
covering, and generally four ; Teucrium marum. 
Angiospermia , from angeion, a vessel, and sperma, seed; seeds 
several, inclosed in an undivided pericarpium ; Gesneria 
bulbosa. 
Classis XV.— Tetradynamia. 
Tetradynamia , derived 
from tetra, four, dyo, two, 
and nema , a filament; 
meaning that this class is 
furnished with six sta¬ 
mens, or male organs, four 
of which are long and two 
short. (See Classis VI.) 
This class consists, with the exception of Cleome, entirely of the 
natural order Cruciferce, and has lately been the subject of the most 
acute and successful investigation of many botanists of celebrity. 
The plants of this class have always been celebrated for their anti¬ 
scorbutic qualities. These seem to reside in an acrid, oily, volatile 
