CONTENTS 
VOLUME 1 
INTRODUCTORY- Page 
Calendar of Operations in the Flower-garden - ■ - - 1 
Meteorology. .20 
CHAP. I.—PLANT STRUCTURE. Conditions of Existence—Structural Elements — The Cell and 
its Contents—Protoplasm—Modifications of Cells — Pitting—The Thallus.26 
CHAP. II.—THE LIVING- PLANT. Green Plants—Uncoloured Plants—Parasites—Saprophytes 
—Microbes—Symbiosis—Thallophytes and Vascular Cryptogams—Asexual and Sexual Condi¬ 
tions—Flowering Plants—Sensation and Movements in Plants—Continuity of Protoplasm- - 29 
CHAP. III.—THE RADICLE AND THE ROOT. Nature and Movements — Root-hairs—The 
Root-cap—Root Action — Various Forms of Roots.-- -32 
CHAP. IV.—THE CAULICLE—THE STEM. The Primary Bud or Plumule—The Stem—The 
Cambium—The Wood—The Bast — Various Forms of Stems: Bulbs, Tubers, &c.—Structure of 
Stem - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -34 
CHAP. V.—THE LEAF—THE COTYLEDONS. Forms of the Leaf—Simple Leaves—Compound 
Leaves — Leaf Structure — Epidermis—Pairs—Leaf Action — Evaporation — Respiration — Assimi¬ 
lation . -------- 37 
CHAP. VI. — NUTRITION. Conditions of Plant Life — The Soil as a Source of Food and Air—The 
Air as a Source of Food — The Action of Light — Chlorophyll — The Movements of Liquids in 
Plants—The Sap . ------- 41 
CHAP. VII.—GROWTH AND BRANCHING. Necessary Conditions—Definite and Indefinite 
Growth—Buds—Sympodes—Cuttings — Grafting and Budding—The Inflorescence and Bracts - 45 
CHAP. VIII.—REPRODUCTION—THE FLOWER. Difference between Growth and Reproduc¬ 
tion — Pollen-cells — Egg-cells — Conditions for Flowering—Conformation of the Flower — Parts of 
the Flower — Fertilization — Hybridization—Sports—Division, Separation, and Recombinations 
of the Nuclear Elements—Seeds, Dispersal of—Germination - -- -- --48 
CHAP. IX.—HYBRIDIZATION. Cross-fertilization—Hybridism—Isolation and Self-fertilization 
—Double Flowers—Fertilization in Cryptogamic Plants, Ferns—Vegetative Sports or Bud 
Variation. ---58 
CHAP. X.—CLASSIFICATION. Species—Genera—Orders—Classes—Genealogical Arrangements 
—Artificial Groups. -----65 
CHAP. XI.—INSECT AND OTHER PLANT ENEMIES. Bark Enemies—Bud and Flower 
Enemies—Fruit and Seed Enemies—Leaf Enemies—Root Enemies—Stem Borers - - - 67 
CHAP. XII.—GARDEN FRIENDS - -. - 114 
CHAP. XIII.—PLANT DISEASES CAUSED BY FUNGI. Kind of Food required by Fungi 
—Structure and Reproduction—Different Modes of Reproduction—Preventing the Spread of a 
Disease—Preventing a Repetition of a Disease—Fungicides.123 
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