3»* RURAL NEW-YORKER 
51 
Comments from a Pennsylvania Woman 
(Continued from page 40) 
have helped to load and unload many 
loads of grain, and have helped to un¬ 
load almost every load of hay we have 
used in the last 10 years. I have raised 
thousands of chickens and hundreds of 
turkeys, ducks and geese. I have also 
raised many nice calves and hogs. I 
help pick up from 100 to several hundred 
bushels of potatoes each year. I cut as 
much corn in a day as the average man. 
I pick apples, plums or peaches or grapes 
with anyone. I am not an expert corn 
husker, but I can husk fairly well and 
each year do my share. I raise many 
beautiful flowers, both to sell and give 
away. I go often to the public market 
seven miles away, and sell our surplus 
garden and poultry produce, and as I 
stand on the curb I meet all kinds of in¬ 
teresting people, some who are far my 
superiors and some who only think they 
are. I can tat, knit and crochet, and do 
all the sewing and mending for our fam¬ 
ily of seven; I do not make overalls, but 
I have patched and mended so many pairs 
that I could make a pair with my eyes 
shut almost. I have cut hair many times 
and it always looks all right to others, 
but not to me. I have hunted and cut 
my own wood many times. We all go to 
Sunday school and church, 2*4 miles 
away, and enjoy it very much. I have 
many friends and neighbors who do the 
same things, and we do not think of 
them as hard; it is the unnecessary things 
we must do that make life hard for us. 
I do not strive to be called a successful 
farm woman, or an unsuccessful one; 
that is the least of my worry, but I do 
care to have a good warm house, with 
good walks, a toilet, hot and cold running 
water in the house, with a good wood¬ 
shed with at least a week’s supply of good 
dry and green wood kept in it. I know if 
we once get those things the other things 
will come almost of themselves. I cannot 
get used to doing without water, or saving 
it, or carrying it; those are the things 
that give me the blues and most annoy 
me. If Mrs. H. carries all the water I 
for use in her family of 10, she is a far 1 
more remarkable women than she claims 
herself to be. Someone else built these 
old houses so far away from water, and 
it is not so easy a task to pipe water, 
without money, up hill. I have onlv lived 
in five d'ffe’-ent farming sections and 
those are in Pennsylvania, but these over¬ 
worked women are found in them all. 
Mrs H. is all right: she is found in 
nearly every community. She generally 
has a grandma or auntie or someone to do 
all the little things that do not amount 
to anything, such as sweep, wash dishes, 
mend a tittle, mind baby, and sometimes 
mu a T Juno11 for the boys while she is out. 
rhe Idaho woman generallv has all those 
little things to do herself, and the big 
onos too. Who are the successful ones? 
All this work does not make us successful 
And why is it necessary? How can we 
change our conditions? MRS. B. M. S. 
Pennsylvania. 
Concentrated Cider 
On page 1780 C. C. raises the im¬ 
portant question of the practieabilitv of 
concentrating cider and other fruit juices 
for economy in storage and transporta¬ 
tion. by evaporation in a vacuum, at a low 
temperature, and then restoring them to 
their original condition by the addition 
of water, when wanted for use. In the 
answer, A. II. P. ignores the original 
question, but gives us a most excellent 
discussion of the merits and process of 
manufacture of boiled cider, which is au 
entirely different product. The Depart¬ 
ment of Agriculture lias been at work 
upon this problem, but along the lines 
of concentration by freezing, instead of 
the process mentioned. It finds that cider 
may bo reduced by freezing and separa¬ 
tion of the ice to one-fifth of its bulk and 
then restored to its original condition 
by the addition of water. This Inst is not 
possible in the case of boiled cider. It 
Will possess an entirely different flavor, 
to say nothing of the alteration in re¬ 
spect to other qualities. Rut it also 
found that the business cannot be profit¬ 
ably conducted unless the plant can be 
utilized in the manufacture of artificial 
ice during the period that it would other¬ 
wise be unemployed. By operating the 
two industries in conjunction, the busi¬ 
ness of concentrating cider by congelation 
may be made to return a substantial 
profit. However, the department informs 
me that the selling of such restored cider 
as pure apple cider will conflict with the 
pure food law. Rut. if correctly labeled 
and sold for precisely what it is, there can 
be no objections of this nature. 
I know of no actual experiments having 
been made to determine the quality and 
properties of cider concentrated by evap¬ 
oration at a low temperature. Rut, in 
the matter of maple syrup, to which allu¬ 
sion is made, experiments on a small scale 
have demonstrated that a vastly superior 
product can be had by concentrating the 
sap in a partial vacuum. The same is 
true in the case of sorghum, as well as 
with cane and beet juice, and. reasoning 
from analogy, a similar result should fol¬ 
low in the case of cider. In the matter of 
3 per cent maple sap. the cost of assem¬ 
bling in sufficient quantity, combined with 
the cost of the plant, appears to make the 
cost of manufacture by this method some¬ 
what prohibitive: but this should not be 
the case when dealing with 20 per cent 
cider, and the experiment is well worth 
trying. C. o. ormsbee. 
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THE BROWN FENCE & WIRE CO.C91 
Department 459 CLEVELAND, OHIO 
