30 
<Ph RURAL NEW-YORKER 
January 3, 1&-J 
MARK 
It Packs 
It Cultivates 
v-'-' i 
in one single trip over the field. 
Think of the saving in time and money. 
The Culti-Packer makes a better seed bed too 
.—finer for the roots—better for holding mois¬ 
ture—but leaving that aside it saves work 
enough on men, horses or tractor to pay for 
itself in a single season. 
The Culti-Packer is backed by our sixty years 
of dealing with farmers and by the reputation 
of the leading implement houses who sell Culti- 
Packers. 
The Culti-Packer will make, a seed bed with 
less labor—make it in less time—and make it 
for less money than any other methods or 
tools that you can use. 
One half day’s work on your farm with this 
tool will show you these savings in a way that 
you can actually see and measure. 
Once over the field with a good disc harrow 
and a Culti-Packer will put nine soils out of 
ten in shape for seeding. 
The two tools can be pulled together with a 
tractor, completing the entire seed bed work 
Your Local Dealer 
Culti-Packers For Sale 
Suburb of 
Cleveland 
The Dunham Company, Berea, 
im 
the elevated tank to discharge by gravity 
through the pump spout. This last adjust¬ 
ment permits the use of a hose on the 
pump spout for wagon washing and similar 
work, whether the pump i.s being worked 
or not. If the pump is to be operated by 
hand a cylinder smaller in diameter 
should be chosen, as a 3-iu. cylinder un¬ 
der a 100-ft. lift would raise water too 
rapidly to make easy work. It is scarcely 
necessary to add that a force pump must 
be used in any case, the point of discharge 
being above the level of the spout. 
R. H. S. 
Comparison of Pumping Power 
We are contemplating installing a pneu¬ 
matic water system to supply house and 
barn with about 300 gallons per day, 
source of water located at barn from two 
wells, water level about 15 ft. below 
ground line of barn ; house 300 ft. distant 
from barn and 10 ft. higher. In case of 
drought, it may be necessary to pipe from 
cistern at house to supplement well for 
supply. I would like your comparison of 
a system using a tank of about 1.000 gal¬ 
lons capacity with pump driven by small 
gas engine, which would also be used for 
other light work in connection with pump¬ 
ing water, and a system using a small 
tank of about 200 gallons capacity and a 
small pump driven by a one-fourth horse¬ 
power electric motor fed by power used in 
lighting. In locating either outfit in a 
house cellar danger of frost would be 
avoided, and care would be easier, but in 
locating at the barn the pump would be 
nearer supply and point where about 
three-fourths of the water will be used. 
What size of supply and discharge pipe 
should be used, and how much friction 
should be reckoned on the 300-ft. drive to 
house? Would it pay to use the one- 
fourth horsepower motor for other work, 
i. e.. laundry machinery? Which would 
be the cheaper of the two outfits, per gal¬ 
lon pumped? J. K. D. 
Rensselaer, N. Y. 
From your description it appears that 
the only feasible location for the pump- 
ing plant is at the barn. The fact that 
the well water level is 25 ft. below the 
house level and 300 ft. distant prevents 
locating the pump at the house, as the 
combined lift and horizontal run would be 
too great for “suction” or atmospheric 
pressure to overcome successfully. An¬ 
other possible location for the outfit 
would be a cellar or building between the 
house and barn. In any event the equip¬ 
ment should be readily accessible and still 
be kept at an equable temperature—cool 
in Summer and above freezing in Winter. 
This condition could doubtless be met at 
the barn by the construction of a separate 
room. 
As to a discussion or comparison of the 
two outfits mentioned, it would seem that 
the larger one, because of its simplicity, 
more rugged construction and greater ca¬ 
pacity, would be the better for this par¬ 
ticular work. The small electric driven 
outfits are very nice for household use. 
They have comparatively little water 
stored, are compact, taking up little space, 
are arranged to furnish water direct from 
the well when desired, and are practically 
automatic in their system of control. 
Their working parts are very small, how¬ 
ever, as compared with those of other 
pumping outfits, aud it would seem scarce¬ 
ly designed to give the amount and char¬ 
acter of service required of a pumping 
outfit for watering cattle. 
In comparing the operating costs, it 
might be said that the prevailing rate for 
electric current in small quantities here 
is 10c per kilowatt hour. A horsepower 
is equivalent to 746 watts, or. putting it 
the other way around, a kilowatt is ap¬ 
proximately equal to 1 1/3 horsepower. 
This makes an electric horsepower cost 
about per hour when current costs 
at the rate above mentioned. A farm 
gasoline engine when in good condition 
will use gasoline at the rate of about one 
pint per hour for each horsepower deliv¬ 
ered. If gasoline, then, costs 28c per 
gallon, a horsepower will cost one-eighth 
of 28c, or about 3)/>c for fuel. If located 
at the barn, the engine could be used to 
operate the vacuum pump for the milk¬ 
ing machine, run the feed grinder and 
made to do various other chores as well, 
and this an electric motor could be made 
to do also if obtained in a large enough 
size, but the small, built-in, one-fourth 
horsepower motor mentioned could not be 
used for these purposes. 
The flow from a common %-in. faucet 
under ordinary service pressure is about 
six gallons per minute. Using this rate 
of flow' and assuming that but one faucet 
on the line would be open at a time, it is 
found, by a study of friction fables, that 
the resistance offered to flow through a 
1-in. pipe 300 ft. in length would be about 
equivalent to the force required to lift 
this amount of water to a height of 14 ft. 
If a 1*4-in. pipe were used under the 
same conditions this friction head would 
be reduced to less than 4 ft. It would be 
better to use this larger pipe, as a much 
greater freedom of flow would result, 
and this increased flow would be secured 
at no great outlay for piping. R. h. s 
The Visitor (to the police officer in 
charge) : “I say, could you let me see 
the man you’ve got locked up for breaking 
into my place last night?” The Police 
Officer: “What do you wish to see him 
about, sir?” The Visitor: “I want to 
know how the blazes he got into the house 
without waking my wife.” — London 
Sketch. 
Piping Water for Two Farms 
Will 1,300 feet of %-in. pipe laid from 
a spring 40 feet higher than the outlet, di¬ 
vided into two ^-in. lines at the end of 
the 1,300 feet, supply two farm homes 
(houses and barns) ? Each %-in. line 
goes to house with faucet, passing on to 
barn to run through a reduced outlet con¬ 
tinuously. Would it be possible for these 
homes to install bathroom with this same 
system? j. e. b. 
Saegerstown, Pa. 
I would not expect so small a pipe as 
%-in. to give very good results when of 
so great a length (1,300 feet), even though 
there was a 40-ft. drop iu the line. I 
expect also that this drop is figured from 
the ground level at the house rather than 
from the level of the attic. Reference to 
friction tables indicates that the %-in. 
pipe. 1,300 feet long, might be expected 
to deliver about 2Vt gallons per minute 
when running under a 40-ft. head. The 
use of the %-in. pipe at the lower end 
would, however, greatly restrict this flow, 
and water would be secured very slowly at 
the faucet. Much better results would 
be secured through the use of a larger 
pipe, and the only extra expense would be 
the greater cost of the pipe itself, as the 
cost of laying would be the same in either 
case. It very seldom pays to lay pipe as 
small as %-in. The opening is so small 
that it is very easily choked wtili accu¬ 
mulations of rust and the growths pe¬ 
culiar to piping carrying water. It is 
likely to be a constant source of trouble. 
Why not investigate wood pipe? It is 
highly recommended, both for durability 
and water-carrying capacity, and at the 
last quotations received by me could be 
purchased in either the 1^4-in. or lV.-iu. 
size for 12 cents per foot. The lH-in¬ 
size should deliver about eight gallons 
per rniuute. 
As I understand the situation, the pro¬ 
posed arrangement is to supply two farm¬ 
steads. a house and a barn at each. If 
this is the case, it could probably best 
be accomplished by supplying a small attic 
tank with a capacity of a barrel or so at 
each house, arranging a tee on the end 
of the main pipe with %-in. branches, if 
the distance is not too great to supply 
them with water, and leading the over¬ 
flow from each attic tank to the stock tank 
in the respective barn. Iu this way water 
could he secured rapidly to the extent 
of the capacity of the tank, aud at the 
same time it would always be sweet and 
cool for drinking, because of the constant 
flow through it. This arrangement, too, 
would permit the installation of a modern 
bathroom, if placed beneath the. attic 
tank: that is, on a floor below it. It 
would probably be necessary to equip the 
ends of the pipes discharging into the 
tanks with faucets, so that the water 
flowing from them could be regulated, 
otherwise the tank fed from the shorter 
branch or the one at the lower level 
would be likely to rob the other. 
All of the above is based on the as¬ 
sumption that the spring furnishes a great, 
enough flow of water to supply the de¬ 
mands made upon it. It is usually esti¬ 
mated that each person in a family will 
require about 25 gallons of water daily 
for all purposes where toilet facilities arc 
provided. R. n. s. 
A Pumping Problc 
'My well is 61 ft. to water; 6 ft. of 
water; 67 ft. from top to bottom. Water 
is to be forced to surface, then 35 ft. 
along (or just below) the surface; then 
vertically to a tank 26 ft. high. Total 
rise from bottom of well to upper level 
of water in tank is about 95 ft. Amount 
of water required daily, about 250 gal¬ 
lons. What power pump do you recom¬ 
mend ? R. G. 
Newark, N. J. 
It is not stated which is desired, a 
pump to be operated by hand or by power. 
It is assumed, however, that a power 
pump is to be used, as filling a tank of 
this size by hand pumping is a slow and 
tiresome process—a duty that can well he 
left to the gasoline engine. A 3xl4-in. 
brass-lined cylinder should prove satis¬ 
factory if an engine is to be used. A 
pump of this size operated at the rate of 
40 strokes per minute, an 8-in. stroke be¬ 
ing used, will deliver about 9.8 gallons 
per minute. To lift water at this rate 
(9.8 gallons per minute) to a height of 
100 ft. will require about one-fourth 
horsepower, but due to friction in the 
pump and pipes, slippage of water past 
valves, etc., it is customary to double the 
theoretical horsepower requirements, mak¬ 
ing about one-half horsepower in this par¬ 
ticular case. To drive a pump of this 
kind under the above conditions a one 
horsepower engine should be used. This 
will give sufficient power to increase the 
length of the stroke somewhat if future 
uses should make more water desirable, 
hut with the 8-in. stroke the 250-gallon 
tank will be filled in about 30 minutes if 
the pump is operated at the rate of 40 
strokes per minute. 
For convenience the pump should he 
fitted with what is known as a “three- 
way” cock or valve. This is a by-pass 
arrangement that while in one position 
permits pumping direct from the well 
through the spout, a second position per¬ 
mits pumping from the well through an 
underground pipe to the elevated tank. 
• V’-' a third position allows the water in 
Farm Water Problems 
