14 
Tfc RURAL. NEW-YORKER 
January 3, 1920 
What the National Grange Stands For 
as Expressed at Its Recent Meeting 
Part I. 
An Important Gathering. —The re¬ 
cent session of the National Grange at 
Grand Rapids, Mich., probably attracted 
more general attention than any previous 
meeting of the organization. This was 
due in part to the present tendency of all 
classes of people to take an interest in the 
proceedings of any organization, national 
or semi-national in character, whose ac¬ 
tion seems likely in any way to affect the 
cost of living. The establishment last 
year of a national headquarters of the 
National Grange at Washington, D. C., 
and the appointment of a legislative rep¬ 
resentative who has been constantly active 
in giving publicity to the attitude of the 
National Grange on many vital measures 
before Congress, has also brought the or¬ 
ganization general public recognition. 
And finally the very definite and rather 
conservative stand taken by the National 
Grange on public questions at its recent 
meeting resulted under present unsettled 
conditions in attracting more than pass¬ 
ing attention to its proposed program of 
reconstruction. 
Union Labor. —One of the first mat¬ 
ters which came before the National 
Grange for action was an invitation from 
the American Federation of Labor to join 
that body in a conference on the national 
labor situation during the month of De¬ 
cember. The acceptance of this invitation 
was urged by representatives in the Na¬ 
tional Grange from Oregon and Wash¬ 
ington States, where there is a very con¬ 
siderable movement on foot to consolidate 
the farmers and the labor men in a fight 
on capitalistic interests from a political 
standpoint Lv ar- overwhelming vote, 
however, the National Grange voted to 
decline the invitation, and curtly refused 
it without any accompanying explanation 
to the Federation of Labor. Without 
questioning the wisdom of the policy of 
the National Grange in this matter it 
would seem that it would have been better 
and more in keeping with the traditional 
policy of the organization to include in 
the letter of refusal a broad candid state¬ 
ment of the reasons for such action, as 
was urged by State Master L. J. Taber 
of Ohio. The ground on which the Na¬ 
tional Grange took this action, as given 
out in a later statement of the organiza¬ 
tion, reads: “The industry of agricul¬ 
ture is suffering from serious disturbances 
and the representatives of the American 
Federation of Labor should know that 
the Grange believes that only when the 
industry of agriculture is rehabilitated 
and takes its proper place among the in¬ 
dustries can the disturbances in industrial 
relationships be satisfactorily readjusted. 
The steady decline in agriculture, the re¬ 
duced financial returns in farming, the 
trend of population away from the farms, 
the increasing cost of farm products, and 
the spectacle of consumption overtaking 
production are more serious economic 
problems than a few cents more per hour 
or a few hours less per week in other 
industries. We are deeply concerned 
over the failure of the leaders of indus¬ 
trial thought properly to appreciate this, 
and this is another reason why we de¬ 
cline to participate in a conference which 
we believe will turn public attention 
away from what we believe to be a greater 
danger toward a problem which is of 
class, rather than of national concern. 
Instead of seeking to unite classes against 
other classes we believe the representa¬ 
tives of labor should seek sincerely how 
they can promote the welfare of the whole 
people by emulating the example already 
Bet by the farmers of the nation, by in¬ 
creasing production and seeking harmony 
and peace between workers and em¬ 
ployers.” 
Stand on Immigration. —The National 
Grange took a vigorous stand with regard 
to immigration laws, best expressed in 
the words of National Master Oliver Wil¬ 
son in his annual address: “Underlying 
a very large percentage of our national 
troubles ie the fact that too many people 
are in America who are not a part of 
America, and who never intend to be if 
they can help it. For the future we must 
demand the most rigid immigration tests 
at our gates, then another strict test for 
every day, thereafter, of actual American¬ 
ism —hearty encouragement for every 
alien who sincerely desires to become one 
of usj but summary deportation for every 
other who attempts to undermine Ameri¬ 
can ideals and destroy American insti¬ 
tutions. There is too much tendency to¬ 
day among our people towards class en¬ 
deavor, class legislation, class thinking, 
and the interests of the nation demand 
the destruction of such unworthy ideals, 
whether they be advocated by a labor 
union or by a group of farmers. In the 
final analysis, the entire economic, in¬ 
dustrial and social troubles of the times 
simmer down to simple selfishness—almost 
every man is out to “get his,” regardless 
of how his neighbors fare. More than 
half a century ago the Grange declared 
its purpose to educate and elevate the 
American farmer, but in order to define 
clearly the place which the organization 
proposed to take in American affairs, it 
further announced its purpose, ‘for we 
seek the greatest good to the greatest 
number.’ Only by a revival of this spirit, 
and by the consecration of the whole peo¬ 
ple to its attainment, can the public ever 
hope to survive. We must all he Amer¬ 
icans together” 
Agricultural Interests and Poli¬ 
tics. —The continued domination of the 
agricultural interests by men “who 
neither rightly understand nor justly esti¬ 
mate American farming and the Ameri¬ 
can farmers” was opposed in a record 
resolution of the National Grange, and 
the organization was pledged to secure 
the appointment of a Secretary of Agri¬ 
culture, fulfilling these conditions regard¬ 
less of politics. Speaking on this subject 
National Grange Master Oliver Wilson 
apparently voiced the feeling of the or¬ 
ganization when he said: “If all the 
money spent the last 25 years in the 
United States for propaganda work in the 
name of agriculture had been devoted to 
building good roads between the farm and 
its market town ; to extending rural mail 
service to thousands of more farm homes; 
to substituting a system of reliable crop 
reports for the present worthless and 
misleading guesswork; to creating effi¬ 
cient market bureaus that do more 
than simply theorize on the great prob¬ 
lem of economical and businesslike distri¬ 
bution of food from producer to consumer ; 
and had saved enough of the propaganda 
money to educate consumers on what 
costs enter into the raising of food—if 
this had been done, we might have gotten 
somewhere on ‘the high cost of living’ 
problem, so-called, of advantage alike to 
both producer and consumer. To start 
right in interpreting the food problem of 
the times, by getting to the very bottom 
of the facts, is one of the country’s most 
imperative needs.” 
Co-operative Marketing. —The most 
important action of the National Grange 
was with regard to a national program 
of co-operative marketing in which that 
body proposes to take the lead. In an¬ 
nouncing the program, the National 
Grange went on record as follows: “Pro¬ 
duction and distribution are separate 
economic functions. Production is the 
farmers’ function; distribution is the 
work of persons other than those who 
work on the farms. B, 
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Great Educational Program 
The United State Department of Agri¬ 
culture, New York and New Jersey State 
Colleges will be at the Madison Square 
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23, 24, 1920. with all the ability at their 
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the world has ever seen of high-class ex¬ 
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