190 
The RURAL. NEW-YORKER 
January 31, 1920 
T O FARMERS who know the value of fish and want it 
in their fertilizer, we announce that we have laid in 
an ample supply of fish scrap to meet all demands. If you 
want the genuine, original Fish Scrap Fertilizer, insist on 
ROYSTER'S 
FERTILIZER 
TRADE MARA 
f S k r 
REGISTERED 
The Fertilizer That Made 
Fish Scrap Famous 
F. S. ROYSTER GUANO CO. 
Baltimore, Md. 
We have4he Fish 
We Prepay Transportation Charges on all orders for over $7.50 
MALONEY BROS. & WELLS CO. 
55 East St., Dansville, New York 
• % Donsville ’* Pioneer Growers\Nurseries 
BMpUB? 
»ES 
70% 
'l he Finest that skill and science can produce direct from 
our upland nurseries to you at wholesale prices. 
of our business comos from old customers, we give 
them satisfactory stock and service—that’s the answer. 
After a man lias once had our trees—he knows he will get what he wants 
if he orders from us and he knows Maloney sells at cost of production plus one 
profit so the price will be right. 
Now ig the time to get started in the fruit business—acre for acre—an orchard pays 
much better than any other crop. But start right. Get absolutely healthy true to name stock. 
\A e know the varieties sent you are just what you order, because they are raised, packed 
ana shipped under our personal supervision. That’s why in 30 years we have built up the 
largest nurseries in New York §tate. It will pay you to send for our catalog and 
_ start your orchard right. 
.Since there was a small planting of fruit tree seedlings during the war there is 
now an alarming tree shortage throughout the United States—only half enough to go 
around. If you don’t want to be disappointed this spring—OUDER EAKLY. 
Send for our big, free Illustrated Catalog. It explains 
why we can sell better trees for less than one-half the 
price you can purchase them from any agent. Absolute 
satisfaction guaranteed or money refunded. 
AT WHOLESALE PRICES 
DIRECT TO PLANTERS 
Qel Out Big Catalog 
IPS FREE 
And Save 25 £ On Your Order 
E. W. TOWNSEND & SON 
25 Vine St. Salisbury, Md. 
EVERGREENS 
38 Hardy Tested Varieties 
Best for windbreaks, hedges and lawn 
planting. Protect buildings, crops, stock, 
gardens and orchards. Hill’s Evergreens 
ar.e Nursery grown and hardy every¬ 
where. Hill’s Evergreen book, illustrated 
in colors, sent free. Write today. World s largest 
growers. Est. 1855. 
Oi HILL NURSERY CO.. DUNDEE, ILLINOIS 
Box 2120 Evergreen Specialists 
If you want GRAPES 
BERRIES 
PEONIES 
ROSES 
STRAWBERRY PLANTS 
Large stock at Lowest Prices. Tliev are Profit mak¬ 
ers. Write today for free Catalog and save money on 
your order. C. S. Perdue, Box 25, Show ell, 3ld. 
Send for Catalog 
THE VAN DUSEN NURSERIES 
C.C. McKAY, Mgr. Dept.R, GENEVA, N.Y. 
TREES 
w i inr— i i mu nn . . hhttwivitiim . .. . _ 
Place Your Order Early This Year 
Although we have our usual fine assortment of high grade 
fruit trees to offer for Spring delivery, the demand is ex¬ 
ceptionally strong and we recommend that our old and 
new customers place their orders early this season. 
You will never regret planting Kelly trees. Our trees are 
all perfect specimens and our guarantee is your protection. 
We offer you a big money saving and reliable stock. 
Send for 1920 Free Catalogue 
KELLY BROS. NURSERIES 805 Main St., Dansville,N.Y. ^ 
New York State Horticultural Society 
Part I. 
An Important Meeting. —About one 
year ago The New York Horticultural 
Society and the New York State Fruit 
Growers’ Association were merged into 
The New York State Horticultural So¬ 
ciety. The first meeting of the new 
society was held in Rochester the second 
week in January. There was fine fruit 
exhibited and the usual extensive display 
of fruit growers’ supplies and a full line 
of machinery for the orchard and farm. 
H. E. Wellman was elected president, 
and E. C. Gillett secretary and treasurer. 
Mr. Gillett reported that the Society 
would discontinue the sendee of co-opera¬ 
tive buying, that it had invested in Gov¬ 
ernment bonds a permanent fund of $2,000 
and that it has now a surplus on hand 
after paying all disbursements, $116.75. 
Orchard Fertility. — Prof. J. H. 
Gourley of the New Hampshire Experi¬ 
ment Station spoke on “The Soil Fertility 
■Problem in the Orchard.” He said the 
best way to learn the needs of fertility in 
the orchard is to go to the orchard and 
find out by fertilizer experiments. The 
problem is different for every orchard. 
Sod mulch and tillage systems have both 
been made successful, according to local 
conditions. Tillage is best for the stone 
fruits. A straight sod system he thought 
the poorest way of growing trees. Mois¬ 
ture is usually reduced to a lower point 
under sod culture. Available nitrates are 
reduced under sod, and the growth is 
smaller. Nitrates are formed by cultiva¬ 
tion. Tillage cannot be long continued 
without turning under green cover crops 
and preserve a good physical condition of 
the soil. If the soil texture is good sod 
culture can be practiced successfully if 
nitrogen is applied, also a mulch to con¬ 
serve moisture. Lime is sometimes bene¬ 
ficial. Alfalfa sod orchards can be man¬ 
aged the same as the sod-mulch orchards 
except that there is no need to apply 
nitrogen. The practice is to mow the 
Alfalfa and place it around the trees to 
hold moisture and supply plant food. 
The Business of Agriculture.— 
Dean Mann of Cornell said that we need 
a relative readjustment of agriculture to 
other industries. Improvements in farm 
practice and cheaper capital will hasten 
the results we are working for. The 
world wants both our raw material and 
manufactured products, but we must to a 
large extent sell raw material, and take 
manufactured products in payment, to 
enable Europe to I’ehabilitate herself and 
pay her obligations. First we need a 
sound and well-established agriculture at 
home. With a surplus of produce we are 
able to work for the highest welfare of 
all the people. Ideally the farmer should 
base his claims on what i6 best for the 
whole world. The more pressing prob¬ 
lems of the present moment are complete 
information as to the real conditions of 
the farming business, organization and 
co-operation, better transportation of 
produce and ways of obtaining capital, 
all based on the broad principle of service 
and universal welfare of the people. All 
these react on the ultimate welfare of 
the agriculturist. The New York State 
College of Agriculture has lost in the past 
year 150 teachers, because the.college 
could not pay salaries which they can get 
in other institutions. They cannot live 
on their present salaries. Our State Ex¬ 
periment Station is in a similar position. 
Farmers must take the initiative in ask¬ 
ing for needed funds and so safeguard 
our State agricultural institutions. 
\v. H. J. 
CONTENTS 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER, JAN. 31, 1920 
FARM TOPICS 
Statement of Purpose of National Grange. 
187, 188 
A Crop of Big Pumpkins. 188 
Limestone and Grass Land. 188 
Timothy Hay as a Farm Crop. 189 
An Illinois Limestone Man. 189 
Check-row Planter on Eastern Farms. 191 
Hope Farm Notes.198, 199 
A Referendum Vote for Country People.... 201 
The Federation of Agriculture Once More... 201 
Governor Smith and Speaker Sweet on Ag¬ 
riculture . 201 
LIVE STOCK AND DAIRY 
New York Dogs and Sheep.. 
Ration for Cow on Test. 
Ration with Silage and Stalks.. 
Difficult Churning . 
Ration for Holstein Cows. 
Grain Ration with Alfalfa. 
Ration Without Succulence. 
Pasture for Hogs.... 
Keeping Pigs Growing. 
Pig Ration with Garbage. 
THE HENYARD 
Egg-laying Contest . 
How to Tell Sex of Turkeys. 
HORTICULTURE 
Forgery in New York Apnle Packing Law.. 
Fire Protection Against Frost. 
Notes from a Maryland Garden. 
WOMAN AND HOME 
201 
208 
208 
210 
210 
210 
210 
212 
212 
212 
216 
216 
188 
188 
197 
Better Postage Rate on Books. 
Woman’s Work . 
The Man Behind the Plow. 
“Hicksville” and New York. 
“Care for the Old Folks”. 
A Breakfast of Wheat. 
Boys and Girls.. • • • 
Thoughts of a Plain Farm Woman.204, 
MISCELLANEOUS 
How to Build Snowshoes. 
The Pastoral Parson. 
The Sanitary Toilet Rule. 
Publisher’s Desk . 
191 
196 
202 
202 
202 
202 
203 
208 
189 
192 
199 
218 
For the Land’s Sake—Use Bowker’s 
Fertilizers. They enrich the earth and 
those who till it.— Adv. 
Not only the most dependable guide for 
the flower lover and the vegetable 
grower, but the most complete cata¬ 
logue in America. 
Everything worth growing is listed—the really 
meritorious novelties as well as the tried and true 
varieties that have stood the test of years. 
Selected strains are offered in practically every vege¬ 
table and flower. Special departments devoted to 
Gladioli, Cannas, Dahlias, Roses; and many pages to 
Perennials, of which we are the largest growers in 
America, 224 pages, 6 color plates and hundreds of 
photographic reproductions of Vegetables, Flowers, 
Aquatics, Small Fruits and Garden Requisite*. 
Once,'Grown 
rowrt 
MAULESEED BOOK 
Right methods and Y JT% 1VV < 
tested seeds mean pro- H I# H H 
ductive gardens. Maule’s l\ 1 »I > 
Seed Book gives both. 
Benefit by our 43 
L years’ experience as seedsmen, gar- 
k donees, and farmers. All the secrets 
■k of garden success and a lot of 
new, unusual features. 
Send for It today 
MAULE Inc 
,2153 Arch St., Pnila., Pa. 
GOOD AS CAN BE GROWN 
Prices Below All Others 
I will give a lot of new 
sorts free with every order 
I fill. Buy and test. Return 
if not O. K.—money refunded. 
Big Catalog FREE « 
Over 700 Illustrations of vege¬ 
tables and flowers. Send yours 
and your neighbors’ addresses. 
R. H. SHUM WAY, Rockford, 111. 
Have satisfied thousands of 
growers. Fresh and reliable. No 
better seeds can be obtained. Try OU» 
5 Choice Vegetables 10c 
1 pkt. each postpaid of the following popular 
varieties. Tomato, Karly Jewel; Lettuce, Big 
Boston; Beet, Detroit Dark Red; Rad¬ 
ish, Scarlet Globe; Carrot, Denver 
Ha lf Long. Guaranteed to please. 
CATALOG FREE 
Contafns valuable information on sne- 
CCoBlul gardening. Lists all standard 
torts of vegetable, flower and field seeds. 
Box 
CONDON’S GIANT 
EVERBEARING 
TOMATO 
"QUEEN OF THE MARKET." Big Money-Maker. Largs, solid 
fruit; sxcstlsnt cannor. To introduce to you 
our Northern Grown "Sure Crop" Li vs 
Soods, we will mail you 1 26 poods of Con- 
don's Qlant Everbearing I 
Tomato and our Mam¬ 
moth 1920 Garden and L __ 
Farm Guido. Telia how, when and wh:»t 
to plant for ple&auro and profit. Bend 
postal today. 
CONDON BROS., Seedsmen 
Rock River Valiev Sect Fa rm 
Box 193 ROCKFORD, ILLINOIS 
cu rruun ui uwu- 
FREE 
STRAWBERRY 
Mkn MB aif 1 # 25 leading varieties, the real 
BA m Artk EaB 16 money makers, including 
■ the two best everbearing 
kinds. Also a full line of other berry plants and 
Carden Seeds. 27 years’ experience insures your 
satisfaction with Weston’s vigorous, heavy rooted, 
true-to-name stock. Our prices are reasonable, and 
our Free Catalog tells the truth about plants and 
seed9—a valuable book for the grower Write for it. 
A. R WESTON a CO., R D.7. Bridgman. Mich. 
STRAWBERRY PLANTS THAT GROW 
Best ot the Fall-Bearing and June Sorts . 2 
= We are introducing a new Strawberry this year— g 
g “THE EATON,” which we consider superior to auy 1 
| grown. We also offer Ru.pbcrry and other Fruit I 
g Plants In Assortment. Catalog Free | 
i C. E. WHITTEN & SON., Box 11 Bridgman, MICH. f 
giiuiiiiiiiuiiuiiiiiuimiMimitiiiiiiiiiimmmiiiimmiiinmiiiiiimiimiiimiiiiiiuiiaiinimiimiiuiiiiX 
TIMOTHY 
'con 5 
This Is one of the few field seeds that is 
k reasonable In price this year. Ask foi samples 
and our Seed Rook telling "How to Know Good 
Seed." All other varieties of superior quality. 
O. M. SCOTT & 80NS CO. 
270 Main Street Marysville, Ohio 
