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New York Horticultural Society 
Part III. 
The RURAL NEW-YORKER 
299 
Spray Results. —Prof. P. ,T. Parrott 
said in part that the striking feature of 
the experiments of 1919 was that the 
control of scab by the delayed dormant 
spraying resulted also in the almost com¬ 
plete freedom of the trees from spray in¬ 
jury. In several plots where spraying 
was purposely omitted until the unfolding 
leaves displayed infection with apple scab, 
there developed not only considerable leaf- 
burn but much yellowing of the leaves as 
well. Later; there was extensive defolia¬ 
tion . These results corroborate what has 
heretofore been held, that application of 
lime-sulphur to leaves that have been in¬ 
jured by apple scab or other agents are 
likely to be attended with burning of the 
foliage. Much of the “spray injury” to 
apple foliage during the past Summer 
was due to failure to prevent the primary 
infectious by apple scab. However, lime- 
sulphur and lead arsenate may. and un¬ 
questionably did. cause important dam¬ 
age to apple leaves, which prompts a word 
of warning with regard to the employment 
of the spray-gun. The advantages de¬ 
rived from the use of this contrivance 
with efficient spraying outfits are its large 
nozzle capacity, power and convenience of 
manipulation. In the hands of careful 
operators there seems to be no real rea¬ 
son why spraying against the common 
orchard pests cannot be as safely and ef¬ 
ficiently accomplished as with the ordi¬ 
nary spraying rods. Nevertheless, there 
is a tendency with certain orchardists to 
overrate the capacities of the spray-gun 
that has led to the development of spray¬ 
ing practices which, judged by the results 
at harvesting, cannot be regarded as safe, 
efficient or economical. Recent study 
indicates that the addition of a small 
amount of lime may overcome some 
of the objectionable features of lime-sul¬ 
phur and lead arsenate. It has long been 
known that lime-sulphur and lead arse¬ 
nate when mixed immediately begin to 
change in appearance and there is formed 
a dark, gelationous material known as 
“sludge,” which settles on the bottom of 
the spraying tank. 
In the report of the committee on bot¬ 
any and plant diseases, Prof. F. C. Stew¬ 
art stated that the unusual loss from fruit 
rot of peaches that past season aroused 
much interest in methods of controlling 
this disease. The standard treatment 
consists in spraying with the self-boiled 
lime-sulphur mixture. 
Bakherries and Wheat Rust. —The 
T’nited .States Department of Agriculture 
is co-operating with 13 States in the I T p- 
per Mississippi Valley in locating and 
eradicating all bushes of the common bar¬ 
berry. Most of these States have laws 
requiring the destruction of the barberry. 
There is. also, a Federal quarantine regu¬ 
lation prohibiting the shipment of com¬ 
mon barberry plants into the territory. 
Prepared Bordeaux. —There are upon 
the market various Bordeaux mixtures, 
pastes and powders. For all of them 
their principal value depends upon the 
copper which they contain. The pros¬ 
pective buyer should focus his attention 
upon the label which shows how much 
copper there is in the material. A Bor¬ 
deaux mixture containing G per cent of 
metallic copper is. in general, twice as 
valuable, pound for pound, as one con¬ 
taining 3 per cent of copper. Of course, 
if an insecticide is combined with the Bor¬ 
deaux mixture some allowance must be 
made for that, but for fungicidal purposes 
it is, chiefly, the copper content which 
counts. While the spreading and sticking 
qualities of the material, also, should be 
considered, they are of secondary impor¬ 
tance.. The only real advantage of the 
prepared mixture over heme-made is their 
convenience. Of necessity they are more 
expensive. Before purchasing any of the 
prepared mixtures one should carefully 
calculate their value as compared with 
copper sulphite and find out how much of 
the material would be required to make a 
given quantity of mixture equal in 
strength to the standard home-made Bor¬ 
deaux. The number of pounds equal to 
one pound of copper sulphate is obtained 
by multiplying the percentage of metallic 
copper, as shown on the label, by 3.93. 
The remainder of the calculation is a 
simple matter of arithmetic. This sub¬ 
ject of commercial Bordeaux mixtures 
and methods of calculating their value has 
been treated quite thoroughly in the I T . S. 
- Department of Agriculture Farmers’ Bul¬ 
letin No. 994. The N. Y. State College 
of Ithaca, also, has published a leaflet 
giving the essential facts. 
Sunburn on Red Currants. —“When 
a period of very hot weather follows a 
period of wet weather and rapid growth, 
the fruit and leaves of red currants are 
liable to become sunburned. The leaves 
show large, irregular, dead, brown spots. 
The ripe berries first become light in color 
with the appearance of having been 
scalded Later, they shrivel. Sunburn is 
especially to be feared when the bushes 
carry a heavy load of fruit. The rapid 
increase in the size and weight of the 
berries as they ripen causes the canes to 
bend outward and downward. Then the 
tender leaves and berries on the interior 
of the bush become suddenly exposed to 
the sun. Should bright hot weather occur 
while the bushes are in this condition a 
large percentage of the fruit may be 
ruined by sunburn. w. H* J. 
Do You Get Enough Big Potatoes? 
A PROFITABLE yield of potatoes is a matter of getting big potatoes. A 
heavy "set” will not make a big crop unless the potatoes keep growing and 
"size up.” 
Potatoes need an abundance of plantfood. The growing season is short; the crop 
is a heavy feeder; and big, sturdy, vigorous, healthy vines are needed to make 
strong and heavy-yielding hills. 
Give your crop the kind of plant food it needs, and in sufficient quantity. You 
increase both the yield and the market value per bushel. 
You can grow more big potatoes—you can make the entire crop a better market 
size by a liberal application of a well balanced potato fertilizer. A bigger yield and 
a better price mean more profit for you. Get this extra profit by the right use of 
fertilizer. 
Write for our Bulletin, “Potato Production.” You should also have our Automatic Formula Finder, 
which helps to select the right fertilizer for every crop on the farm. Both are free for the asking. 
“High Analysis” Fertilizers for Potatoes 
One of These Will Fit the Conditions on Your Farm 
The figures represent percentages of ammonia, available phosphoric acid and potash, in the order given: 
Sandy Soil. 5-8-7 
Loam Soil. 4-8-6 
Clay Soil. 4-8-4 
To determine the right fertilizer for your other crops, use our Automatic Formula Finder — it's free. 
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SLIDEWELL Collars save your 
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