The RURAL. NEW-YORKER 
301 
Baldwin Spot 
I have a Baldwin apple tree that in 
1918 had five or six barrels of very large 
and handsome apples, but they were 
worthless, as the inside of the fruit was a 
mass of brown spots. This season thei'e 
was not as much fruit: it was worthless 
from same cause. Tree stands in grass, 
but is so near currants, grapes, etc., that 
it cannot be plowed. Tree is thrifty. I 
have only sprayed once each season when 
petals fall. Can you tell me what the 
trouble is and how to stop it? 
Foxboro, Mass. dr. a. b. 
Your tree is affected with stippin, 
otherwise known as bitter pit or Baldwin 
spot. The fruit only is affected as it 
nears maturity. The cause is unknown, 
though many theories have been pre¬ 
sented, one of the most important of 
which is as follows: There is a rapid 
loss of water in certain cells, making a 
concentration of sap made up of acids, 
which result in the death of the cells. 
Thus it is in some way connected with 
the water supply of the fruit. Either 
the water is lacking in the soil or it is 
eliminated from the fruit before the cer¬ 
tain cells have received enough. Thor¬ 
ough cultivation is advised, as the grass 
removes a great deal of moisture, and 
moderate pruning. Spraying is also im¬ 
portant, and one should follow the full 
spray schedule as outlined recently in 
article on “Review of Past Season's Work 
ou New York Farm.” in issues of Decem¬ 
ber 20 and December 27. 1919. and Jan¬ 
uary 3, 1920. T. n. T. 
Potatoes Following Peas 
Recently you wrote of a man who made 
big crops of potatoes on or following peas. 
Will you tell me whether he turned the 
vines under, or were potatoes planted on 
stubble? T. p. M. 
Patterson, Mo. 
With canning peas of course the vines 
are removed and taken to the vinery. 
With the green pea crop, as a rule, the 
growers merely plow a furrow between 
the rows and plant either cabbage or po¬ 
tatoes here. It is not a very good plan 
to plow vines under unless there is a 
great excess of moisture. The peas take 
so much moisture from the ground that 
the soil is usually fairly dry when the 
second crop is planted. If vines are 
plowed under this allows a portion of the 
moisture to escape, when every bit is 
needed. The truck farm with spray ma¬ 
chinery is of course an exception. When 
crops are planted after canning peas, the 
ground is plowed, and in Central New 
York buckwheat is usually sown. Then 
if this is caught by an early frost, it can 
be plowed under, making a good green 
manure crop. Peas should be off by July 
4 through Central New York in order to 
give the second crop time to mature. 
T. it. T. 
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A little forethought would 
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Sprinkling Potatoes in Storage 
I have* a neighbor who sprinkles his po¬ 
tatoes when storing away in cellar. What 
is the idea? D. D. s. 
It. depends on what he sprinkles with. 
Water alone would not do them any good. 
Some people sprinkle dry lime on pota¬ 
toes, and think it retards rot. We have 
heard of sprinkling with a weak solution 
of formalin. 
Destroying Dandelions 
■I saw some time ago in Tuk R. N.-Y. 
a method of ridding a yard or grounds of 
dendelions, and would like to have the 
information reprinted. S. R. 
Batavia, O. 
Eternal vigilauce is required to rid a 
lawn or yard of dandelions. Methods of 
control are digging out. prevention of 
seeding, or killing the plant by applying 
a teaspoonful of gasolene or kerosene to 
the crown. Whore a lawn is badly in¬ 
fested the dandelions may be destroyed 
by spraying at least three times at in¬ 
tervals of about two weeks with a solu¬ 
tion of iron sulphate. 1 Vx lbs. to a gallon 
of water. Most effective results have 
been secured late in the Summer. The 
iron sulphate destroys dandelions and 
many other weeds without affecting grass. 
Tiie spray should be applied in a fine 
mist, using a spray pump with brass fit¬ 
tings. Do not put this solution in iron, 
tin or galvanized vessels, thoroughly liuse 
all utensils afterwards, and keep the 
working parts of the spray pump well 
oiled. The operator should wear old 
clothes and gloves, and should avoid get¬ 
ting the solution on walks or buildings, 
as it will make a rusty stain. Cloudy, 
damp weather is favorable for applica¬ 
tion if not followed by rain within 24 
hours. When digging out dandelions care 
must be taken to remove the whole root; 
if broken pieces are left they merely form 
root cuttings and a plague of new plants 
results. 
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Address :— 
M. L. ASELTINE, Box 1S5 
SPRINGFIELD. MASS. 
or 
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