The RURAL NEW-YORKER 
367 
Propagation of Roses 
Will you toll mo how to make cuttings 
from rose bushes and lilacs? I wish to 
do this on a large scale. O. S. 
Basking Ridge, N. J. 
Roses are propagated from green or 
hard wood cuttings, layers, buds and 
grafts. Greenhouse roses are propagated 
from cuttings of green wood, rooted in 
sand under glass, usually in January, Feb¬ 
ruary and March. They strike root very 
easily, and this is the method employed 
with greenhouse blooming stock. Some 
roses are weak growers and shy bloomers 
on their own roots, and to increase vigor 
these are budded on strong-growing sorts, 
such as Manetti. sweet briar and dog rose, 
which are employed as stocks for many 
varieties, both tender and hardy. Roses 
are usually budded in the open ground in 
Summer, or at any time when good plump 
buds are at hand, and the stocks are in 
condition. Hardy climbing roses are prop¬ 
agated by ripe wood cuttings put in a cool 
greenhouse or protected frame in Autumn, 
and this method is also used with Hybrid 
Perpetuals. They are also increased by 
green cuttings, preferably short spurs 
with a heel. A very simple method of 
propagation is from root cuttings, this be¬ 
ing adaptable to practically all roses. 
Such varieties as moss and briar roses 
are very readily propagated in this way, 
while they do not root easily from ordi¬ 
nary cuttings. Root cuttings should be 
taken in the Fall, after growth is checked 
by cool weather. It is possible to remove 
part of the. roots without digging up the 
plant, but it is usual to lift it. and cut 
away the roots desired. The larger roots 
make the best cuttings. These are cut in 
3-in. lengths, and packed in boxes be¬ 
tween layers of damp moss. The boxes 
may be buried in a well-drained place over 
Winter, or kept in a cool cellar. The cel¬ 
lar is preferable, as they can be looked 
over from time to time : if they, show a 
tendency to form buds too early they may 
be retarded in a cooler place, while if en¬ 
tirely dormant they may be given a start 
so that a bud or two is formed before 
planting time. In Spring these cuttings 
are sown in drills, covered to a depth of 
2 in., and the ground firmed with hoe or 
light rolling, followed by clean cultivation 
through the season. 
Lilacs are propagated by seeds, suckers, 
layers and root cuttings; also by budding 
and grafting in the open air in Summer or 
early Spring. Seedling lilacs are used as 
stocks on which to graft named varieties 
They are also grafted on the common 
privet. 
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Chester Ave. 
Horseradish Cultivation and Cleaning Up 
I have five acres ou which I wish to 
grow horseradish for the market. Would 
you give information ou that subject? 
Madison, O. L. A. Z. 
We raised horseradish for many years. 
The competiton of an inferior product 
finally pulled the price down below the 
possibility of a profit. We cut the small 
r:de roots about the size of a lead pencil 
into pieces about 1 or in. long. The 
top end was cut off square and the lower 
end slanting, so that we could be sure of 
getting them set right end up. Others 
cut their sets about a foot long. The 
ground should be plowed and fitted deep 
as early as possible, and the sets put in 
rows about 3 ft. apart if cultivation is 
to be by horse, or closer if by hand. The 
short sets are placed upright with the top 
end about an inch below the surface ; the 
long ones are set slanting. The sets 
should be placed about a foot apart in the 
rows. Cultivation should be often until 
the tops cover the ground. 
Digging should be as late as possible, 
because the roots will be larger. For the 
same reason as much as possible should 
be left to be dug in the Spring. The roots 
will be much larger in Spring than in 
Fall. In digging we took a heavy plow 
and took off the wheel so that it would 
run as deeply as possible. This would 
throw out a row at a time so that we 
could pull out the roots. There will he 
many pieces of roots left iu the ground 
so it is well to grow this crop ou the 
same ground year after year. It requires 
heavy manuring or other fertilization, but 
does not seem to be affected by many dis¬ 
eases. 
When we gave up growing horseradish j 
we set to work t<> clean the ground. We 
picked up and destroyed all the pieces of 
roots we could find. Then we cultivated 
the field every week, pulling out every 
plant we found every time we cultivated 
it. This cultivation and hand picking 
was kept up until in November. The 
next season there was no horseradish ou 
that field. This is a pretty hard way to 
get rid of a had weed, but seems to be the 
only one in this case. We have tried to 
get rid of a patch of thorny potato or 
horse nettle in this way. luit have not 
kept at it thoroughly enough late in the 
season. My father has been lighting a 
patch of wild morning-glory in this way 
off and on for 40 years or more, and has 
not yet killed it. The tractor disk may 
give us a way to kill some of these very 
bad weeds. It surely will handle quack 
grass under our climate conditions. 
Wayne Co., X. Y. Alfred c. wf.f.u. 
Mr. Kldekson, who thought very fa¬ 
vorably of his own tactfulness, was asked 
to deliver an address, aud began as fol¬ 
lows : “My friends. I shall not call you 
ladies and gentlemen—I kuow you too 
well!”—Credit lost. 
HORSE OR AN OLD NAG 
Which does it pay to Buy ? 
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Look at the illustration in the corner and you will see 
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and volume through the register. Remember the force 
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Send for booklet today and the 
name of your nearest dealer. Ask 
also for the book on Sterling Range. 
The range that bakes a barrel of 
flour with a single hod of coal. 
WORKS 
ROCHESTER, N. Y. 
GUARANTEED PRICE LIST 
Send off your furs! 
Make this the biggest fur year you have ever 
had. You can. if you ship all your furs to the 
house that guarantees your fur profits to you. 
Ship to Prouty 
Ship now—in the height of the season. Ship to 
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almost half a century. 
Shippers know from long experience that in those sea¬ 
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I. L. PROUTY’S SONS, INC. 
Dealers in Raw Furs, Ginseng Roots, 
Golden Seal, etc. 
384-C Broadway, Now York City 
