416 
The RURAL NEW-YORKER 
February 28, 1920 
• | ». % i O « I pi ^ i 
NO 
FERTILIZER 
FERTILIZED 
WITH 
SULPHATE 
Test by Mr. Richard Reutter , 
Valley City, Ohio 
Average yield per Tree 
Sulphate of Antonia. 
4 lbs. per free . 17 bu. 
Unfertilized, . 11 bu. 
Northern Spy variety 
TOP DRESSING TALKS, No. 6 
Feed your trees—get more and bigger fruit! 
The plant-food most needed by orchards is am¬ 
monia. Because of its high analysis, ready avail¬ 
ability, its fine, dry condition which makes it easy to 
spread, and because it does not leach from the soil. 
ARCADIAN 
Sulphate of Ammonia 
is the best and most economical carrier of ammonia ^or orchard fertilization. 
Write for free bulletin "Fertilizing the Apple Orcn^rd.’ 
Sulphate of Ammonia is the well-known standard article that has done you 
good service in your mixed fertilizers for years past. 
Arcadian is the kiln-dried and screened grade, made fine and dry for top 
dressing purposes. Ammonia 2514% guaranteed. Made in U. S. A. 
FOR SALE BY 
CONNECTICUT: Bridgeport; The Berkihire Ferti¬ 
lizer Co. 
INDIANA: New Albany; Hopkins Fertilizer Co. 
KENTUCKY: Louisville; Louisville Fertilizer Co. 
MARYLAND: Baltimore: American Agricultural Chem¬ 
ical Co., Armour Fertilizer Works, Bowker Fertilizer 
Co., Home Fertilizer & Chemical Co., Listers Agricult¬ 
ural Chemical Works, Pollock Fertilizer Co., Patapsco 
Guano Co., F. S. Royster Guano Co. Swift & Co., R. A. 
Wooldridge Co., Rasin-Monumental Co. Hagerstown; 
Central Chemical Co. 
MASSACHUSETTS: Boston; The American Agricul¬ 
tural Chemical Co., Bowker Fertilizer Co., The National 
Fertilizer Co. 
NEW JERSEY: Chrome; Armour Fertilizer Works. 
(Address Baltimore, Md.) Newark; Listers Agricult¬ 
ural Chemi cal Works . Trenton • Trenton Bone Fer- 
ilizer Co.. 
NEW YORK: New York; The Coe-Mortimer Co., The 
American Agricultural Chemical Co., Nassau Fertilizer 
Co., W. E. Whann Co., Patapsco Guano Co., The 
National Fertilizer Co., Bowker Fertilizer Co., Frederick 
Ludlam Co., Syracuse: F. S. Royster Guano Co. 
PENNSYLVANIA: Philadelphia; I. P. Thomas & Son 
Co., S. M. Hess & Bro., Inc., J. E. Tygert Co., York; 
York Chemical Co. 
VERMONT: Rutland, M. E. Wheeler Co. 
VIRGINIA: Buena Vista; Armour Fertilizer Works. 
Norfolk; Pocomoke Guano Co.. Norfolk Fertilizer 
Co., Inc., Imperial Co., Hampton Guano Co., 
Berkley Chemical Co., Robertson Fertilizer Co., Inc., 
Tidewater Guano Co., Carolina Union Fertilizer Co., F. 
S. Royster Guano Co., Richmond; F. S. Royster Guano 
Co., Alexandria; Alexandria Fertilizer & Chemical 
Co. Lynchburg; F. S. Royster Guano Co. 
cfJtlnilihn The Company Shmo^Md 
write 
AGRICULTURAL DEPARTMENT, NEW YORK 
BERRY and VEGETABLE Plants 
STRAWBERRY, RASPBERRY, BLACKBERRY, DEWBERRY, 
CURRANT GOOSEBERRY. GRAPE. ASPARAGUS RHUBARB 
HORSERADISH. CABBAGE, CAULIFLOWER, BEET BRUSSELS 
SPROUTS CELERY, EGG, PEPPER, KOHL-RABI, KALE, LET¬ 
TUCE LEEK ONION. PARSLEY, SWEET POTATO AND TOMATO 
PLANTS for sprint; and summer. Also SHRUBS, RUStb, 
PANSY, ASTER and SALVIA PLANTS. Catalogue free. 
HARRY L. SQUIRES - Good Ground, N. Y . 
CABBAGE PLANTS 
We wil have ready for shipment about March 15th, Early 
Jersey and Charleston Wakefield and Succession cabbage 
S lants. Fine for spring gardeners and truckers. Prices 
yexpr, --™ 
to 0,000 i _ 
post prepaid: 500 f >r $2. 
Please send money with order. . 
S M GIBSON CO. YONGES ISLAND, S. O 
WRITE 
For our SEED and PLANT 
catalogue 
IT’S A DANDY THIS YEAR 
CALEB BOGGS & SON 
('heswo)d, 
Delaware 
Seed Grains for lVbush/or less. O. A. C. No. 21 Barley 
♦8 per bush., 10 bush, or less. Order early. Send your 
own bags. Parcel post. /DISABLE VALLET FARM, Keeseville, N Y 
S ELECTED GOLD N C GGET SEED CO R X. 
Write for sample and prices. L F. NICHOLAS, Ml. Bethel, P» 
Thoroughbred Virginia Yellow Dent Seed Corn 
Prolific and hand selected from large yield. Price, 
13.75 per bushel. THE LAWN FARM, Nokesville, Virginia 
POTATO PLANTERS— For Sale 
80 Latest Improved No. 3 Aspinwatl. Brand now. Guar¬ 
anteed. $100 each delivered. JACK RODICK.East Chatham, M.Y. 
PEONIES, IRIS, GLADIOLUS 
W« Off«;r the Following, New Choice Varieties 
8 Large Roots, Peonies, choice new ones. All different, $2.00 
12 Rods, Iris, “ ** “ “ “ 1.00 
25 Bulbs Gladiolus, “ “ “ varieties mixed. 1.00 
Send $4.00 for all the above and 25 bulbs of 
Gladiolus Amenia will be sent you extra. 
BABCOCK PEONY GARDENS 
Jamestown, N. Y. 
I AfTMTC U7 A XJTCn Active,reliable, on sal- 
| AuLIt 1 d W All 1 Lit ary, to take subscrip¬ 
tions for UtiRAT, Nkw-Yorker in 
men who have horse or duto. 
Ohio. Prefer 
Address 
J. C. MULHOLLAND. General Delivery, Columbus,Ohio 
ITHE RURAL NEW YORKER.333 W. 30th St. NewYork City 
Charles Fremd’s Formula 
Sulphur—Fish Oil—Carbolic Compound 
A Combined Contact Insecticide 
and Fungicide of known reliability. _ Con- 
trols scale insects, also many species ■ of 
lice and fungus diseases on trees, plants 
and animals. _ 
AT YOUR DEALERS OR DIRECT. 
Manufacturers of Standard Fish Oil Soap. 
Booklet Free. Address 
COOK & SWAN CO., INC., 
Suico Dept. R 148 Front St., New York, U.S.A. 
SOY BEANS 
Sweet clover, alfalfa, red and nl.-uke clover, garden 
pea, vetch and other legumes do their best when 
treated with 
^Acre size $1.00, 
Isix for $5.01) pre- 
Ipaid. State kind 
■wanted. 
It’s more virulent than others. Full of pep. Gives 
results. Can’t fail. Guarantee results or money 
back. Why take chances on others. Ask for our 
booklet, It tells yon how and why. 
McQueen Bacteria Co., Box 4, Baltic, Ohio 
TIMOTHY 
tan 5 
Tills Is one of the few field seeds that Is 
reasonable In price this year. Ask fox samples 
and our Seed Book telling “How to Know Good 
Seed. ’ ’ AH other varieties of superior quality. 
O. M. SCOTT & SONS CO. 
270 Main Street Marysville, Ohio 
mi? AT NDRTHERN GROWN ; 4 VARIETIES 
A-'-'TWV go-iOO-day 10-Rowed Kaufman 
Yellow Dent. Early Minnesota, Reid's Yellow Dent, 
White Cap Yellow Dent. Ear tested. High germina¬ 
tion. Shipped on approval. Money back if not satis¬ 
fied. Circular and samples free. Write for prices. 
Do it now. WOODFIELDS FARM, Wycombe, Bucks Co.. Pa. 
T ijf I C With its common sense, reason- 
** * ^ able prices and dependable <jual- 
C C p Q ity. will interest evory farmer 
,*7. and home owner. Lists seeds, 
CATALOGUE bulb*, plants. Write today. 
RANSOM SEED CO, Jiax 4 , GENEVA. OHIO 
Rural Education 
Connecticut Rural Education 
The length of the average teaching ca¬ 
reer of women is about three years. All 
; rural school systems are and will be af¬ 
flicted, for some time to come, by the 
transient character of its teaching force. 
Consolidation of schools, the teacherage, 
equal pay for city and rural teachers, 
teachers’ retirement funds and the like 
will not prevent girls from marrying, from 
occupying more lucrative business posi 
tions, or from seeking to teach in locali¬ 
ties where city advantages and social ac¬ 
tivities may be enjoyed. 
That rural school system which most 
quickly and thoroughly trains and super¬ 
vises young teachers will have the best 
teaching in its schools. The system of 
rural education in Connecticut is noted 
for the emphasis placed upon teacher 
training and for its close supervision of 
school w T ork. The State aids rural com¬ 
munities to secure and hold teachers by 
contributing, in some cases, as high as 75 
per cent of the teachers’ salaries. Before 
this money is paid the town must replace 
or repair its school buildings and supply 
equipment according to standards specified 
by the State Board of Education. The 
supervisory system controls education in 
towns employing fewer than 20 teachers. 
The curriculum in Connecticut rural 
schools is uniform. It is based upon a 
constantly revised and progressive course 
of study entitled. “Plans for Progress,” 
puhlished by the State Board of Educa¬ 
tion. It outlines the subject matter to be 
covered from the first to the eighth stan¬ 
dards in every subject taught. It gives 
methods and procedures for teaching, 
found by experience to be helpful in ac¬ 
complishing the daily lessons. An inex¬ 
perienced teacher from, the first day. may 
begin to teach and get results. As the 
teacher becomes more expert she is free 
to use her initiative in supplementing 
these methods and procedures. The cur¬ 
riculum of the State supervised schools 
requires reading for information, enjoy¬ 
ment and expression, penmanship, arith¬ 
metic, English, history, geography, phy¬ 
siology, agriculture, sewing, science, draw¬ 
ing and physical training. 
The Connecticut system of rural educa¬ 
tion is composed of the State Board of 
Education, a commissioner, a director of 
supervision, three inspectors, 33 general 
education supervisors, two supervisors of 
elementary agricultural education, a su¬ 
pervisor of agricultural education under 
the Smith-Hughes act, school nurses, 
agents and an appropriate office staff. 
The' supervisors are assigned to a group 
of towns by State authority, upon request 
of the town or two school committees, to 
act as educational agents for these towns. 
For 35 years under the leadership of 
one man, Charles D. Hine, Commissioner 
of Education, the State has developed a 
system of teacher training and supervision 
which is second to none. The responsibil¬ 
ity for this teacher training rests with the 
supervisors, who are required to visit, each 
school at least twice each month. They 
inspect the teaching and housekeeping, 
counsel, teach and test. 
Once each month all rural teachers of 
a town or section are required to attend a 
teachers’ meeting. These meetings are pri¬ 
marily for instruction in methods and 
procedures which will make the teaching 
effective. At these meetings definite les¬ 
sons, devices and ways for teaching are 
illustrated by actual classroom instruc¬ 
tion. Inexpert teachers repeat a similar 
lesson, and the accomplishment is criti¬ 
cized by the supervisor and teachers. The 
practical value of this exercise is reflected 
in an immediate improvement of teaching 
in many schools. Many towns support a 
“Model School.” conducted by an experi¬ 
enced ' teacher, at which school young 
teachers may observe good teaching meth¬ 
ods and practices. 
Once each month groups of supervisors 
meet with the inspectors to discuss model 
lessons which are to be taught at the next 
teachers’ meeting. Matters of immediate 
educational importance are also debated 
at these meetings. Every two months all 
the supervisors and officers of the system 
gather to discuss the general educational 
policies of the system. For three weeks 
each Summer supervisors and teachers 
electing it are instructed at normal schools 
in the art of teaching and school-room 
management. There are three normal 
schools in the State. Supervisors are 
privileged to attend graduate classes in 
education at Yale University. Under such 
a system, the teaching and physical con¬ 
ditions of Connecticut rural schools have 
constantly improved, and do not suffer by 
comparison with rurals schools elswhere. 
RUSSEL F. LUND. 
Summer Schools in Severe Climates 
I would like to have Tite R. N.-Y. 
readers consider and, if possible, discuss 
the feasibility of the Summer school to 
replace the Winter school in sparsely set¬ 
tled parts of New York. First, let us 
consider the physical conditions that are 
found in Winter. In the mountains 
where T live there is as a usual and nor¬ 
mal condition a heavy body of snow three 
or four feet deep, and drifts 10 to 15 feet 
deep ; a low temperature and high winds 
for weeks at a time. Some highways 
remain trackless for months; in fact, it 
would be impossible to keep them pass¬ 
able. There is a high school in this town, 
and it is a good one, too. However, some 
of the small children must be brought in 
a horse-drawn vehicle over many miles 
of drifted road, and are exposed to in¬ 
clement weather for many hours at a 
time. Some start before dawn and are 
returned home after dark. 
If our schools could be opened in Spring 
and closed the first of December there 
would be very little objection to centrali¬ 
zation of schooling facilities, because 
motor transportation could be made avail¬ 
able. The present conditions of the dairy 
farm calls for a great amount of work 
in Winter, when the hours of daylight are 
short, and most farmers find it difficult 
to take children to school without neglect¬ 
ing business. They would not have to 
in Summer, as the students could he 
transported in automobiles by those who 
made that their business. 
The Winter school is an exchange for 
all kinds of children’s diseases and epi¬ 
demics, as resistance to those things is 
A Farm That Has Paid 
I am enclosing a picture of a farmer’s 
little boy; it is so natural and happy. My 
hsuband has been a reader of The R. N.- 
Y. a number of years, and has been much 
helped by its good advice and instruction. 
In 12 years he has built up a run-down 
farm of 107 acres, moved the barn and 
put water in the house, done much repair¬ 
ing. paid off a mortgage and debt of 
$1,950, besides buying machinery, raising 
a family of six children, the oldest 12 
years in March. The little fellow pictured 
will be eight in May. They are all healthy 
and consume a lot of milk .and butter, 
wheat and home-grown cornmeal, go to 
A Farmer of the Future 
bed early and up at 5 o’clock in the morn¬ 
ing without any trouble. We often are 
interested in the letters from farmers’ 
wives. Why don’t the husbands write 
too? As for us, we believe if true love 
exists between the farmer and his wife, 
and they work together, there is no rea¬ 
son why they cannot get along. We have 
both worked,, saved, gone without a great 
deal that our poorer neighbors seem to 
think they must have, both in the house 
and outside. We have had plenty to eat 
and enough to wear. 
New York. MRS. WARREN BENTON. 
lllllllllllllliuillllllllllllillllllllllllllllllll 
lowest in cold weather. School in Sum¬ 
mer could be in rooms with open windows, 
or, when the weather was pleasant, under 
the trees in the school yard. Out-of-door 
sports would be possible and agriculture 
could he taught successfully. Much fuel 
could be saved. Last, but not least, in¬ 
spection of schools by school superintend¬ 
ents could be much more frequent. As 
conditions vary so much in different parts 
of the State, perhaps a sort of local op¬ 
tion would be very good in this matter. 
Jefferson, N. Y. R. C. J. 
R. N.-Y.—These remarks are offered 
to start a full discussion. There are two 
sides to the case, and we offer our col¬ 
umns in the hope that parents and inter¬ 
ested parties will say what they think. 
A Warm Dinner for the Men 
When the men are working in the woods 
I wish so much to impress upon my farm 
sisters what I think is the best and easiest 
dinner for a cold day, instead of meat 
and potatoes. Never mind how nice and 
warm it is, this will never bring to the 
body the same needed warmth as a hot 
soup. I prepare a good strong soup, pea, 
bean, cabbage, whatever one likes. Fill 
up a container in the morning, then heat 
well. Pack down as many soup plates 
as men and spoons. If a single man is 
out, he does not mind eating out of the 
container. Ten minutes before dinner he 
starts a small fire, put on his good soup, 
and besides may have a good sandwich 
with the meat or pork. I am sure every 
farm boy would be glad of a midday meal 
like that. mrs. o. p. 
