The RURAL NEW-YORKER 
Honey Beats the Sugar Trust 
TART II. 
Transferring Swarms. —If the start 
is made with box hives, the first thing 
that should be done would be to transfer 
them to modern 10-frame hives, using 
Hoffman frames, which are a standard 
size the country over. Turn the old hive 
upside down and place an empty box on 
top, closing all openings, so that no bees 
can get out; then start hammering the 
old hive on all sides for quite a long 
time—15 minutes or longer may be neces¬ 
sary—until all the bees have left the box 
hive and clustered in the box on top. 
When they are all off the old combs break 
the old hive apart and cut all the straight 
Cover 
0 
Brood chamber with Queen 
in early Spring and 
during Win her 
Q 
Body with ten framer, 
several of which should 
contain honey in the Ball 
Bottom board A 
All the brood except the 
one frame with the Queen 
below Excluder 
B 
Queen Excluder 
Queen with one frame of eggs 
and young brood and 
nine empty combs or 
frames with full sheets 
Q, of foundation 
drawback to the beginner with one or 
two hives running for extracted honey is 
the extractor, which will add considerable 
to the cost of the equipment, though this 
machine will last for many years, and 
could be purchased by half dozen or more 
in one community, costing only a few 
dollars for each person. I have had a 
small one for many years, and have loaned 
it to all my neighbors who ask for it. 
Space Required.- —Sooii as you buy 
your colony, which should he about the 
time the first buds open, see to it that 
they are not cramped for room. Any 
swarm that has sufficient bees and brood 
to cover the majority of the frames should 
have an empty body of combs placed on 
the bottom board, and the brood chamber 
0 
combs out and fasten them into the Hoff- 
man frames with No. 30 wire. Try es¬ 
pecially to preserve all the”brood that is 
in the combs. It is not difficult to tell the 
brood; if unsealed each cell will appear 
to have a small white worm in it, and if 
sealed, the cap on each cell will be slightly 
rounded instead of fiat, as honey is sealed. 
If there is any doubt as to which may be 
brood, or which honey, picking the cap 
off a few cells will show you. 
Replacing Combs. —Fill all frames up 
solid full of comb, even if it is necessary 
to put in some small pieces. The remain¬ 
ing frames that are left after all the 
straight combs have been transferred 
should be filled with medium or light 
brood foundation. The foundations will 
cost about $1 for each 10-frame hive, and 
will be one of the best investments that 
any beekeeper can make, as it is the only 
way in which you can expect to get 
straight combs without a lot of drone cells 
in many of the frames, and you want to 
breed worker bees and not drones. 
Italian Bees. —Try to procure pure¬ 
bred Italian bees, three-handed or leather- 
colored being the preference of many bee¬ 
keepers. though some prefer the golden 
breed. The Italians are more resistant 
to foul brood, more gentle, greater ene¬ 
mies of the wax moth, and generally more 
industrious than the blacks, or hybrid 
races. 
Comb or Extracted Honey. —Another 
matter to decide is whether to run for 
comb or extracted honey. Comb honey to 
many people is the more desirable till they 
give the extracted article a trial, when 
they usually prefer the latter. Extracted 
honey is very much easier, and also much 
cheaper produced than comb, and two 
colonies working under similar conditions, 
both being of about equal strength at the 
beginning of the honey flow, one working 
for comb and the other for extracted, will 
show marked difference as to results. 
W ith about half the trouble and expense 
the colony extracting combs will store 
nearly double the quantity of the other, 
r or this cause we will consider extracted 
honey production principally in this ar¬ 
ticle, ns anyone with enough experience 
to produce extracted can easily experi¬ 
ment with a hive or two for comb at any 
time. 
Equipment Necessary. — The equip¬ 
ment for producing extracted honey for 
each colony should be one bottom board, 
This body to contain all 
combs that were partly 
Tilled with honey when Queen 
wasput below Excluder 
B 
£x.elucfer 
a 
with bees and comb intact should be 
placed on top under the cover. This 
arrangement will conserve the heat in the 
brood chamber, where it is greatly needed 
at this time of the year. Instead of dis¬ 
sipating it as would be the case were the 
empty body placed on top. If this ex¬ 
tra space is not furnished till the bees 
become crowded for room you will have 
a case of swarming fever on hand, and 
this is what is to be avoided if a good crop 
of honey is desired. This extra body 
added before the bees really need it will 
assist in retarding the swarming impulse, 
but will not obviate it by any means, as 
this is nature’s provision for the perpetu¬ 
ation of the bee species, and is one of the 
most difficult matters for the beekeeper 
to control. 
Strong Swarms. —Our method has 
been a modification of the Alexander 
method of increase for a number of years, 
and swarming is very rare indeed with 
us. Honey is obtained here from fruit 
bloom, dandelion, locust, then clover and 
(with the exception of a light second crop 
of clover in favorable seasons) our flow 
stops with the cutting of clover for hay. 
so you see we must have our swarm good 
and strong early in the sason, and not 
weakened by swarming. We winter al¬ 
ways in two 10-frame bodies, allowing the 
bees to have 120 combs to the hive. We 
do not give them any attention till the 
locusts show buds, as a colony will rarely 
be strong enough to be crowded for room 
with 120 frames by the end of fruit bloom 
y. a week later. Wheu the locust is ready 
D 
Well-filled combs 
of honey 
Brood that was raised 
above Excluder 
B 
Empty comps placed next' 
to brood chamber 
Etxclu der 
Brood chamber' 
with Queen 
Q 
L 
onc cover, one wood and wire queen ex- 
•!i ; a , n '* two or three 10-frame bodies, 
witn full sheets of comb foundation for 
each frame. One hive with two full- 
T.'U" }’° ( lies will cost about $0.50 to 
'> 0 . 10 , if deep telescoping cover is used, 
and about $1 less with flat cover. The/ 
eonrb foundations will cost about 88c for 
S ik ec £ s of ]i B ht b r °od. Extra bodies/ 
with 10 frames will cost $2. The onlv 
to bloom we find the queen in each hive 
and place her on one frame of eggs and 
the youngest brood we can find in the hive. 
This frame is placed in an empty body, 
and nine empty combs, or frames with 
foundation in them, are placed on either 
side, the frame with the queen being 
placed in the center. On top of this 
body is placed a queen excluder of wood 
and wire, so that the queen cannot get to 
the other frames of brood that are then 
placed on top of the excluder. Nine 
(Continued on Page 557) 
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