.564 
The RURAL. NEW-YORKER 
March 13, 1020 
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Things To Think About 
The object of this department is to give readers a chance to express themselves on farm 
matters. Not long articles can be used—just short, pointed opinions or suggestions. 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER does not always endorse what is printed here. You might 
call this a mental safety valve. 
The Farmer and the Game Laws 
In England and many European coun¬ 
tries game is plentiful and a source of 
real profit to the farmer, and yet damage 
to the farmer from trespass is almost un¬ 
known. Here game is scarce and a nui¬ 
sance which attracts hordes of trespassers. 
Since the introduction of the pheasant 
they come in droves by train, trolley, auto¬ 
mobile and on foot. They kill not only 
the farmers’ pheasants and other game, 
but his chickens, ducks and turkeys, and 
sometimes carelessly shoot his stock. 
Here are two of many such instances: 
These so-called sportsmen shot and killed 
two Jersey heifers belonging to John 
Gardner of Poughquag. X. Y.. thinking 
they might be deer. On the first day of 
the last open season for pheasants 15 au¬ 
tomobiles were parked outside of a large 
swamp near Amenia. X. Y.. and over 50 
lawless marauders killed over 100 pheas¬ 
ants in that swamp, broke down the 
fences and defied the owner. This farmer 
had fed his pheasants during the previous 
Winter and had posted his land, but the 
existing game laws were inadequate for 
his protection. A State game protector 
was present but refused to act. because 
our Conservation Commissioner believes 
all game belongs to the public instead of 
to the farmers on whose land it breeds 
and feeds. 
These pheasants were valuable. A. 
Silz. a game dealer, offered me $10 a pair 
for cock pheasants recently. They bred 
and fed on this farmer’s land a nr he 
should have been permitted to kill and sell 
them. 
For 75 years this country has been try¬ 
ing to protect its game by restrictions 
against killing and selling, but our game 
is rapidly going the way of the buffalo and 
elk. Restrictive legislation having failed, 
we should consider the methods which 
have succeeded elsewhere. There is no 
populous or well cultivated country iu the 
world where game is plentiful unless the 
law provides that trespass with a gun or 
dog is punishable by a suitable penalty 
and the land owner is permitted to kill 
and sell the game found on his land, and 
conversely there is no country where such 
laws are iu force where game is not plen¬ 
tiful. because it is profitable to the land 
owner to make it so. Here the fanner is 
in desperate need of laws that will pre¬ 
vent lawless trespass, and he should be 
permitted to realize a profit from the game 
that breeds and feeds upon his land. 
All that is necessary to accomplish this 
is such an amendment to our game laws 
as will make it a misdemeanor to trespass 
with dog or gnu, regardless of whether 
the land is posted or not. and giving to the 
farmer the right to kill and sell the cock 
pheasants found upon his land. Then 
game, song and insectivorous birds will 
be plentiful, the farmer will realize a 
profit, and lawless poaching, and the dam¬ 
age incident thereto, will cease. Such 
laws can be passed if the farmers will 
write to their Senators and Assemblymen 
and insist that they vote for such an 
amendment, or. if they do not. will elect 
others who will. n. si. muon am. 
A Western Man on Land Banks 
I would like to say a few words on your 
Federal land bank discussion. I have 
been an officer of our local, one of the 
first started in the West, ever since it 
started : also I have been in the struggle 
to bring these banks into being. I notice 
that in your correspondence the majority 
of the writers have no conception of what 
I call “the soul of the Federal land 
banks.” Your last two or three corre¬ 
spondents have, however, taken an acute 
interest in the working of the system 
and have a glimpse of the possibilities 
entailed. That is the first “law of the 
jungle”—that one must get into the deal 
before lie knows what he is up against. 
In our local, uow getting along towards 
the half-million mark, we have gone 
through the experiences mentioned by 
your correspondents—such experiences as 
second mortgages, chicken ranches, etc. 
We have also found out what even the 
best of your writers have overlooked— 
that the profits coining back to the local 
from the district bank have reduced our 
interest to about 3% per cent. We also 
now see that by keeping these profits in 
the treasury, adding to them if we can, 
and doing a banking business of our own 
(in the same line as the peasants’ banks 
of Europe) we can soon pay no interest 
at all on our loans. When the farmer 
lias reached the point that he can borrow 
all the money he wants on his land and 
pay no interest, a wide view is opened 
up for the “back-to-the-landers.’ 
I was educated at Kings College. Lon¬ 
don, primarily a theological college, but 
with an immense free hospital and ap¬ 
plied science department. University of 
London. England. When we applied sci¬ 
ence students appeared before Bishop 
Barry for our one or two theological lec¬ 
tures a week, the venerable bishop used 
to say: “Gentlemen, you are learning 
in this college to apply science to the 
everyday work of the world. In my lec¬ 
tures I wish to show you how to apply 
religion in the same way. I therefore 
call these lectures ‘Applied Christian¬ 
ity.’ ” Apnlied Christianity as well as 
applied financial science must therefore 
be used in the locals of the Federal land 
bank. 
Foy that reason no change must be 
allowed in the present system of allowing 
the locals to decide, appraise and vote 
every move of the game. That is the 
crux of the law. and differentiates it 
from such institutions as the Bank of 
North Dakota. It teaches members in a 
slow, sure way the banking business. It 
is their own money they are loaning. If 
they speculate, allow risk loans and do 
not study the character of their borrow¬ 
ers, they will lose their money, and maybe 
their farms. In a wide way they learn 
the world risks of differing forms of farm¬ 
ing. and can pass a keener judgment on 
national legislation, such as “packer leg¬ 
islation.” It is a school of “fanner- 
hankers.” business men and Christian, for 
the human element comes largely to the 
front. 
If I needed no loan. I should borrow 
from the Land Bank just to get into the 
local, and then loan the organization a 
thousand dollars to practice on until they 
were tit to get the ordinary bankers’ priv¬ 
ilege of tapping the Postal Savings Banks. 
At present even my local, as advanced as 
any, is not educated sufficiently to have 
that privilege. How such a beneficent 
law ever got past "big biz” only a com¬ 
bination of fortunate circumstances ac¬ 
count for. It is one benefit that can be 
charged to the credit side of the Great 
War. , 
“Eternal vigilance is the price of lib¬ 
erty.'' and the banks can be broken up 
yet by Wall Street. If some of your 
correspondents had their way. Wall 
Street would have an easy time. The 
Doctor Wendt system of tenant farming, 
where landlord and tenant share expenses 
and profits, is a solution of the labor 
question that could be widely applied, and 
we find, has a large bearing on the “ap¬ 
plied Christianity” side of tin* Federal 
Land locals. I hope The R. N.-Y. fam¬ 
ily will study this and other things from 
the applied Christianity point of view 
hereafter. If so, this letter may do some 
IT. C. B. COLVILL. 
Montana. 
An Ohio Man on H. C. L. 
All we hear from the city people is. 
When is this II. C. L. goiug to eud?" 
In my observations of the H. C. L.. it 
is this: There are entirely too many 
young men leaving the farms for the 
cities, where they get shorter hours and 
think they are getting more pay. Within 
half a mile of my farm there are three 
young men leaving the farm this Spring 
to work in the city. One of these young 
men is an only son. and his father lias a 
150-acre farm. A more pleasant place to 
live you will find nowhere; besides, they 
have all city conveniences in the house. 
This young man’s father is 00 years of 
age. no hired help, and unable to'get any 
good help at any price. With such cir¬ 
cumstances existing, how can city people 
look for cheaper living, when there is 
only the older class of farmers to do the 
work ? 
Nearly all farmers iu this section are 
only going to produce about one-half a 
normal crop, therefore production will be 
less each year. The city folks must be 
fed. and they will soon begin to outbid 
each other to obtain food for their supply. 
I asked a grocer what he was paying for 
apples. He said $2 per bushel, and was 
selling them at $4.50 per bushel For po¬ 
tatoes he was paying $2.50 per bushel and 
was selling them for $1 a peek. If city 
folks want their luxuries they must pay 
for them, and should not forever be 
knocking the farmer, who does not have 
city luxuries and is working 12 to 15 
hours per day to make ends meet. And 
is only getting a 35-cent dollar for all his 
labor. f. E. D. 
Ohio. 
Irrigated Western Land 
Here is a dollar. The R. N.-Y. is O. K.. 
and a good, practical, common-sense farm 
paper that I enjoy reading. You are a 
thousand miles off though, in your atti¬ 
tude on Western irrigated farms, and a 
trip through the irrigated West would do 
your editor good. Abandoned farms in 
the East are the result of economic fac¬ 
tors. as arc also the marvelous growth 
and prosperity of properly planned irri¬ 
gated districts. The soils of the Far 
West have never been leached out. and 
retain all the plant food elements, and 
this, coupled with continuous sunshine 
and control of moisture, explains why 
our yields are twice those of lands in tin* 
East. Lands here rent for from $20 to 
$30 per acre per year, and the tenants iu 
a few years accumulate enough to buy 
farms for themselves. The success of ir¬ 
rigated agriculture is an established fact, 
and you might as well recognize it sooner 
as to wait years before so doing. 
Idaho. LYNX CRANDALL. 
R. N.-Y’.—That Western trip would 
suit us very well, and we may make it 
this year. 
