‘Iht RURAL NEW-YORKER 
679 
that the returns will he unsatisfactory, 
though the seasons in which there is not 
enough honey gathered for wintering pur¬ 
poses are rare indeed. Last Summer was 
one of them for this section. The year 
before we had 100 lbs surplus per colony, 
i'sually the amount of surplus is not this 
large, and sometimes it runs over .his 
amount. Anyone wlu> can overcome the 
panic that these interesting workers cre¬ 
ate in the minds of the majority of the 
uninitiated will have one of the most in¬ 
teresting studies of nature to work upon. 
The beginner should look up the adver¬ 
tisement of some firm advertising bee¬ 
keepers’ supplies and.obtain a catalogue. 
Also try to get a copy of some journal 
devoted to beekeeping, and if you think 
it will be of interest to you subscribe to 
i;. Many items of interest will be found 
not only for the man who is an expert, 
but for the beginner too. Just one w<yd 
of caution here for the beginner—do not 
become too enthusiastic over the sugges¬ 
tion of some writer who is traveling far 
from the beaten path. Try to discrim¬ 
inate between the conservative and the 
visionary writer, as the old saying applies 
here: “Try all things, and hold'fast to 
that which is good." If tempted to try 
any new suggestion, do i' with one colony 
and note results before adopting it gen¬ 
erally. There are a number of excellent 
books written on this subject, and one 
or several of these would be an excellent 
investment. elmer. j. WEAVER. 
Pennsylvania. 
Spraying a Mixed Orchard 
I have a variety of eight-year-old trees 
of Black Tartarian and Montmorency 
cherries and a few kinds of plums, ap¬ 
ples. pears and peaches. I have used 
lime-sulphur on tlie^e trees mice in dor¬ 
mant state since they were planted. 
While the cherries, plums, peaches and 
pears are starting to bear. I should like 
to give them three sprayings. What ma¬ 
terial would be best to use that I could 
use on these mixed fruits without change, 
and what time to apply? j. w. s. 
Quakertown, Pa. 
With bearing trees of apple and pear 
lime-sulphur solution is used for scale 
and fungus troubles, arsenate of lead 
being added for biting and chewing in¬ 
sects. such as the codling moth. With 
cherry, plum and peach. Bordeaux mix¬ 
ture is used both as a fungicide and in¬ 
secticide. We have used lime-sulphur 
with arsenate of lead added on cherries 
and plums and good results have fol¬ 
lowed. We have also used lime-sulphur 
as a dormant spray ou peaches. 
Bordeaux mixture, 4-4-50, could be used 
throughout to good advantage in the pres¬ 
ent case, or lime-sulphur 1-40. with ar¬ 
senate of lead added. 5 lbs. of paste to 
50 gals, of water. The important point 
is the time to apply. No definite date 
can be set, as one must apply according 
to the development of buds and blooms, 
and this varies according to the season. 
With pears the first spray should be ap¬ 
plied when the buds push out in a cluster 
before opening. This spray controls 
scale, scab and psylla eggs. The calyx 
spray applied as the petals fall controls 
the codling moth, and if psylla nymphs 
are present three-quarters of a pint of 
Black-leaf 40 is added for «>aeli 100 gals, 
of water. For cherries. lime-su!pl-.ur with 
the same amount of Black-leaf 40 con¬ 
trols aphis if applied as the petals begin 
to push from the buds. For plums the 
principal spray should be given when 
the shucks drop off t!v* young fruits, and 
this controls leaf spot, brown rot and 
eimnlio. 
If two of these stages come at the same 
time with the various varieties of fruit, 
n spraying can be saved by spraying both 
varieties. By mixing varieties the chances 
arc that control will be less successful 
than when sticking to the regular poisons 
for that fruit. We should remember that 
certain poisons have been tried and 
proven successful in combating disease 
and insects, when applied at certain 
definite times for certain diseases and 
insects. When we vary from this sched¬ 
ule success is not so certain. 
T. II. TOVXSFXD. 
Scraping Snow Off Roads 
While in Ohio we do not have tl 
heavy snow usual in New York, we hav 
enough snow at times to be familiar wit 
the ;• ad problem iu Winter. It is 
niistai to scrape the snow off the road 
as mentioned on page 345, for the suo 
protects the road, and when packed soli 
by sleds or vehicles, the hard, smoot 
surface makes an ideal roadway for a 
kinds of traffic, and especially for auto 
Automobiles are almost helpless in deej 
soft, mnv-fallew snow, but as soon as tli 
snow becomes packet! by sleds or wagor 
then the autos can be run easily and mm 
smoothly than over the bare road. Dm 
ing our recent sleety spell here machine 
were used in preference to horses. Chain 
are to be used, of course, and on all foil 
wheels if needed. Our roads arc mudd 
now. and almost impassable, so we ai 
now worse off than with a heavy snov 
Snow ought not to be scraped off tli 
roads, but packed down with >l<*ds. stout 
boats, rollers, or in other ways, so as t 
4 ll \ a firm surface. Badly drifted roac 
should be opened at public expeuse. bv 
to scrape the snow off a road is absun 
unnecessary and a waste of labor. It i 
not a help to the auto traffic, stops tb 
use of sleds and works an injury to th 
road. WED 
Hillsboro, O. 
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