778 
*Jhe RURAL NEW-YORKER 
April 17, 1920 
1 ' \ 7/^\ Guaranteed 
JJhVUh Insecticides 
Paris Green — Bordeaux Mixture (Fungicide) 
Calcium Arsenate — Arsenate of Lead 
For spraying or dusting anything 
that grows, Devoe insecticides have 
for years given the best results. 
*.■ . / 
Guaranteed strictly pure and full 
strength. Made to conform with 
U. S. Government standards. 
Deadly effective. 
The Devoe Spray Calendar and the prac¬ 
tical booklets covering: the above insecticides 
are yours for the asking. If your dealer 
can’t supply them, write to our New York 
Office, 101 Fulton St. They’re free. 
Devoe & Raynolds Co., i NC . 
New York Chicago 
Houston New Orleans Boston Buffalo 
STANDARD INSECTICIDES 
15% More Wool 
You wouldn’t let 15% of any crop go un¬ 
harvested. yet that’s the waste in your wool 
crop if you still shear by hand. The most 
expert hand shearer doesn’t get all the 
wool, nor does he cut evenly. 
The modern sheep shearing machine 
not only gets 15% more wool, but gets it 
quicker and easier, and the wool is longer 
and better. The sheep is not scarred, and 
a smooth, even stubble is left, which means 
a bigger, better crop next season. 
Good, marketable wool brings top prices. 
Why waste your time shearing by hand 
and cut down your wool profits? 
Get a Stewart No. 9 Ball Bearing Ma¬ 
chine—it’s a time and mon¬ 
ey saver for flocks up to 300 
head. Soon pays for itself. 
Strongly built, runs easily, 
will last a lifetime. 
Price Only 
$ 19.25 
Your dealer has it, or you 
can buy from us by send¬ 
ing $2.00 and paying bal¬ 
ance on arrival. Write for 
catalog. 
Chicago Flexible Shaft 
Company 
Dept. B141. 5600 Rooie- 
v«lt Road, Chicago 
AGENTS W ANTED 
Active, reliable, on salary, to 
take subscriptions for Rural 
New-Yorker in New Eng¬ 
land. Prefer men who have 
horse or auto. 
A ddrests :— 
M. L. ASELTINE, Box 185 
SPRINGFIELD, MASS. 
or 
The Rural New-Yorker 
333 W. 30th Street New York City 
FARQUHAR 
Above is a Farquhar Cornish or 
“Slab Burner,’’the economical outfit 
for driving Sawmills. An easy steamer, 
producing dependable power from of¬ 
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Locomotive Rir below ie a rcneral purpoie En¬ 
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minimum operating 1 expense and up-keep. For 
traction power investigate our Styles K and W, also 
Gas Tractors. Illustrated booklet "Farquhar En- 
tins and Boilers” 6ent free to power users. Write 
today for your copy. 
The Farquhar Line include* Sawmills, Threshers, 
Hydraulic Cider Presses, Potato Hitters. Grain 
Drills, etc. Full particulars on request. 
A. B. FARQUHAR CO., Ltd. 
Box 30, York, P«. 
When you u'rite advertisers mention 
The Rural New-Yorker and you’ll get 
a quick reply and a “square deal.” See 
guarantee editorial page. 
] 
Garden and Farm Notes 
Poultry Manure for Hotbeds 
Can poultry manure mixed with straw 
litter he utilized in making hotbeds? 
Also, can poultry manure mixed with 
straw litter be used for compost heap? 
What other materials are used with it, 
and in what proportion is it mixed? 
Snyder, N. Y. c. a. d. 
A little poultry manure mixed with 
loug stable manure will work out very 
well in making a hotbed, as the poultry 
manure seems to start it to heating 
quicker than would otherwise be the case. 
Poultry manure used alone, or with straw 
litter, would not make a good hotbed. 
Neither would it work well in making 
cold frames, as it is too concentrated. 
Young, tender plants will not. start in it 
quickly. The best use for poultry ma¬ 
nure seems to be to mix it with dust, 
sifted coal ashes, etc., and hold it in a 
dry place until plants are ready for the 
field; then use it much the same as fer¬ 
tilizer is used. That is. in small quan¬ 
tity and just to give the plant a quick 
start. Our own poultry manure is carted 
out every week or so and spread on rye 
or other cover crops, to be turned under 
later for some truck crop. During the 
Summer season it is spread in young as¬ 
paragus patches, onions or some other 
crop that can use it at once. 
WII.LABD B. KILLE. 
Gloucester Co., N. J. 
Lime and the Corn Crop 
The following statement is made by 
the Ohio Experiment Station: 
"It is generally supposed by farmers 
that lime is applied for wheat and clover 
crops, but the tests show that corn is 
benefited by lime also. 
“When used in connection with acid 
phosphate as a fertilizer the gain for lime 
on the corn crop alone has been 5V> bush¬ 
els per acre. Two tons of ground lime¬ 
stone applied to the acre brought this re¬ 
sult. _ 
"When used in connection with manure, 
about the same increase is secured from 
lime as with acid phosphate. The resid¬ 
ual effect of lime is also noticed in the 
crops following corn. 
"The average for the fertilized but un¬ 
limed corn for the past 10 years at the 
Ohio Station has been 42 bushels, while 
the average yield for the limed and fer¬ 
tilized land has been advanced to 49 
bushels. 
“A convenient way to apply lime is 
before or immediately after the corn crop 
is planted; then the lime may be worked 
into the soil by the successive corn culti¬ 
vations. 
"West of the Scioto River, Ohio is 
floored with limestone, and artificial dress¬ 
ings of lime will not give such large re¬ 
sults in this region.” 
Our own experience in the Upper At¬ 
lantic Slope seems to show that mpst 
varieties of corn prefer a slightly acid 
soil. We have observed cases where lime 
seemed to reduce the corn yield. We 
have thought that the chief value of lime 
for corn is found when a heavy clover sod 
is plowed under. In such case the lime 
seems to hasten the decay of this sod, and 
thus gives more available plant food. We 
think varieties of corn differ somewhat 
in their sod requirements. Some of the 
flint varieties in New England have been 
grown for many years on the, thin, sour 
uplands of the hill farms. They have 
thus acquired a power of thriving on sour 
laud, which separates them from some 
other varieties almost as distinctly as 
Alsike clover is separated from Red. 
Origin of Longfellow Corn 
Will you give the history, origin and 
development of Longfellow flint corn? 
Buffalo, N. Y. xi, H. L. 
The name "Longfellow” has been rather 
loosely applied to many strains of corn, 
both flint and dent. Strictly speaking, 
however, in late years in the Northeastern 
United States it has come to be applied to 
a very typical, well-bred strain of the 
New England eight-row flint that has 
been grown in New England since Colo¬ 
nial times. It is very probable that the 
parent stock was extensively grown by 
the Indians of the Northeast, since men¬ 
tion is made in literature that the early 
Norse adventurers, as well as the Pilgrim 
Fathers, found large fields of corn grow¬ 
ing in the regions in which they first 
landed. 
The general characteristics of typical 
“Longfellow” flint are: Plant, six to 
eight feet tall; ears, nine to 12 inches 
long, 1 Y» inches in diameter, slender, 
tapering very slightly, if any, expanding 
at the butt, eight-rowed; kernels are 
rounded, golden yellow in color and meas¬ 
ure t/fc-inch in breadth and %-incli in 
depth; ear stalk is medium to large, the 
cob is white, and the growing season is 
about 120 days. 
Sturtevant, iu his “Varieties of Corn,” 
B. P. I. Bulletin No. 57, published in 
1S00. gives “Longfellow” as a synonym 
for the New England eight-row flint and 
variants of that variety. This is borne 
out by the fact that uo reference can be 
found in the agricultural literature of the 
last century to "Longfellow” as a recog¬ 
nized strain. References can be found, 
however, to such variants as King Philip 
as far back as 1S12. 
Mention is made in the Country Gentle¬ 
man of February 17. 1S70, by Levi Bart¬ 
lett of Warner, N. II., of a flint com 
grown by him for several years which 
closely approaches “Longfellow.” He de¬ 
scribed his corn as a long-eared, eight- 
row flint, the ears averaging 12 to 14 
inches iu length, and the variety having a 
tendency to considerable suckering. He 
gave uo name to this corn, however. 
E. D. 
Germination Periods of Vegetables 
Will you publish a list of the germina¬ 
tion periods of the following common 
garden seeds and novelties? Celery, en¬ 
dive, salsify, Summer asparagus, peas, 
sugar peas, corn, muskmelon, cucumber, 
okra, spinach, Swiss chard, Hubbard 
squash, tomato, lettuce, popcorn, etc. 
Prattsburgh, N. Y. o. D. w. 
For seed germination beat and moisture 
are required, and the germination varies 
according to the amount of heat and 
moisture present. Under average con¬ 
ditions garden seeds germinate and break 
flie soil in the number of days stated be¬ 
low : 
Days to 
Vegetable. come up. 
Asparagus, seed . 20-28 
Beans, dwarf. 0-10 
Beets, early . 7-10 
Cabbage, early . 6-10 
Carrot . 10-15 
Cauliflower . 0-10 
Celery . 14-20 
Corn, sweet. 8-10 
Corn, pop . 10-14 
Cucumber . 0- 8 
Endive . 0-10 
Egg plant. 10-14 
Lettuce . 0-10 
Muskmelon . 6-10 
Okra. 15-20 
Onion, seed . 8-12 
Parsley . 18-24 
Peas, sugar or early. 6-10 
Peas, main crop. 0-10 
Pepper . 12-15 
Salsify 8-1- 
Splbach . 0-12 
Spinach, New Zealand.14-10 
Squash, vine . 0-10 
Swiss chard. 7-10 
Tomato . 0-10 
T, II. T. 
Study Apple Varieties 
Iu planting au apple orchard, either 
for commercial or home use, you want to 
take in consideration not alone your own 
likes and dislikes of the different varieties 
of apples, but also the soil you have, 
whether sandy, gravel, loam or clay. Also 
see if you are surrounded by natural ap¬ 
ple enemies, such as red cedars and other 
specimens. In planting my orchard of a 
few hundred trees. I divided the varieties 
into Summer. Fall and Winter apples. 
For Summer I planted Red Astrachan, 
Yellow Transparent, Gravenstein and 
Duchess of Oldenburg. The Winter Ba¬ 
nana I had always taken a liking to, as 
I had seen it grown without much care 
in a section not far from my farm, but 
free from rod cedars. I planted about 
25 trees of this variety, which are as 
much a failure with me as could be, on 
account of the cedar rust. I would not 
plant them again, for no man can stay 
under this tree constantly spraying when 
other farm work is pressing and demands 
bis attention. M.v Winter Banana I shall 
either top-graft or take out entirely. 
Better plant a Gano rather than no “in¬ 
ter apple at all. Of the frees which 1 
planted seven or eight years ago, Duchess 
of Oldenburg bore a fair crop in 1010. 
Red Astracliau and Yellow Transparent a 
few samples, while the Gravenstein grow 
to be big shade trees and bear no fruit. 
To plant your orchard, it is best to study 
the situation from all points of view.. 
Long Island. wm. tcosch m:\. 
