The RURAL NEW-YORKER 
783 
Starting Peas Right 
I recently read that before planting 
peas it was advisable to apply lime to 
the soil and harrow it in before planting. 
I also read in The It. N.-Y. that plenty 
of phosphate was very beneficial to peas. 
Will you advise me just how to proceed 
and the amount necessary for each 100 
feet of row. s. J. E. 
New York. 
It is true that peas, belong to the class 
of plants which are benefited by lime. 
Most of such plants do not thrive in an 
acid soil. It will pay to plow the laud 
and then use lime at the rate of one ton 
per acre, well harrowed in. Phosphorus 
is the fertilizing element which has most 
to do with the production of good seed, 
and any crop like peas, which is particu¬ 
larly valuable for seed production, must 
have a full supply. It will pay to use 
some kind of phosphate unless you know 
from experience that the soil is strong in 
that clement. Another thing which often 
means failure with the pea crop is a need 
of inoculation. The pea, like all other 
pod J bearing plants, depends for its full 
growth upon bacteria or tiny forms of 
life which work upon the roots. If these 
are not in the soil or upon the seed the 
plant will not reach its best growth. It 
is therefore a good practice to “inoculate" 
the seed. This is done by using soil from 
a field or garden where peas have been 
successfully grown, or by using what are 
known as commercial bacteria. These 
bacteria or “germs" are cultivated in the 
chemist’s laboratory and kept in bottles, 
so that they may be put on the seed be¬ 
fore it is planted. Their use will usually 
"inoculate" the crop and help it, much 
after the plan of using yeast in bread. 
Budding English Walnut 
Would you tell me how to graft or bud 
English walnut, also when to cut scions 
and kind of wood, that is. new growth or 
old wood, what to graft on, when to 
graft? Can it be done this Spring or 
Summer? On my grandmother's farm 
we have a tree with trunk as large as a 
man’s body, the largest walnut I have 
ever seen. The spread of limbs is won¬ 
derful. It is a great bearer of nuts year 
after year; the quality and size are all 
that could be desired. j. M. H. 
New Jersey. 
Ring budding is ordinarily used on' 
trees with thick bark such as the Eng¬ 
lish walnut. A ring of bark half an inch 
wide, containing a bud, is removed from 
a branch. This is done in the Spring, 
just before growth starts. The stock is 
prepared in the same way. so that the 
ring of the scion fits. The scion is tied 
into position with waxed cloth and grows 
the same season. In the nursery seed¬ 
lings are grown by planting the nuts in 
the Fall and allowing them to grow all 
tin 1 next season. Frequent cultivations 
must be given, and a growth of about 18 
inches is secured by Fall. In many nur¬ 
series the one-year seedlings are. root 
(whip) grafted just as they stand in the 
row instead of budding. A diagonal cut 
is made across the end of the seedling 
just above the ground and a scion, con¬ 
taining two or three buds cut in the same 
manner, is tied to the top with waxed 
string. The bark of the scion and stock 
must touch on at least one side. This 
operation is performed in the Spring just 
before growth starts. In the case of J. 
M. II. it would be necessary to secure a 
few year-old stocks from some nursery, 
whip-graft a scion from the tree men¬ 
tioned on the top of each as described 
above, and set out as soon as possible in 
the permanent location. Young trees 
should be tied to stakes with strips of 
cloth, as tliev are very tender when grow¬ 
ing. T. II. T. 
Poor Color of Baldwins 
Can you tell me why my Baldwin ap¬ 
ples did not color up last Fall? I picked 
them the last of September and the first 
of October. It is a small orchard ; trees 
have been set out about ."0 years; in sod 
10 or 12 years. I have used lieu manure 
for fertilizer. E. n. 
Connecticut. 
There are several reasons why a 20- 
year-ohl Baldwin orchard, grown in sod 
and fertilized with hen manure, did not 
produce hiirh-colored fruit last season. 
High color is dependent, to a large ex¬ 
tent. upon maturity and sunlight. Fer¬ 
tilizers high in nitrogen, as hen manure 
is. delay maturity. Trees which are very 
vigorous, that is. have very abundant and 
heavy foliage, would prevent the sunlight 
from coloring the fruit. Trees which 
are not pruned out would also have the 
same effect. If the orchard in question 
lias been properly pruned, trees well 
I Innned out, and well sprayed, then it 
would appear that the use of lien manure 
ni ' as a fertilizer Was the trouble. 
1 here is an excess of nitrogen, and to 
batauce conditions, do not' apply any ben 
iiiamire this coming season, but apply 
phosphorus and potash. As. for example, 
1 to 1() lbs., of acid phosphate and 2 to 2 
ls - of muriate of potash, or a bushel of 
wood ashes per tree. s. i\ uni, lister. 
( infectiont Agricultural College. 
Which of these troubles has injured 
your engine? 
Scored cylinders, burned-out bearings, fouled spark plugs, played-out 
piston rings, worn cam shaft, loose wrist pins, sticking or pitted valves 
R EPAIR shops all over the United 
States report that these seven common 
. troubles are responsible for 90% of 
all delay, “ layups ” on the road, and re¬ 
pair expense. 
Yet each of these troubles can usually be 
prevented. Each of them is due chiefly to 
improper lubrication. 
Layups and repair bills due to sediment 
in your oil 
Under the intense heat of the engine—200° to 1000° 
F.—ordinary oil breaks down. Large quantities of 
sediment are formed which have no lubricating 
value and which thin out the remaining oil. 
Ordinary oil Veedol 
after use after use 
Sediment formed after 
500 miles of running 
Excess carbon is formed, 
valves are pitted. The oil film 
fails to hold. Cylinders and 
pistons are scored by metal-to- 
metal contact. The engine 
over-heats. Bearings burn out. 
This is the toll taken by sedi¬ 
ment in your oil. 
How the sediment problem 
was solved 
To produce an oil that 
would reduce sediment to a 
minimum, engineers experi¬ 
mented on the road and in 
the laboratory for years. Finally they evolved the 
famous Faulkner Process, used exclusively for the 
production of Veedol, the lubricant that resists heat. 
Veedol reduces the amount of sediment formed in 
the engine by 86%. This is graphically shown by 
the two bottles in the sediment test at the left. It 
reduces evaporation between 30% and 70%—giving 
long mileage per gallon of oil. 
Make this simple test—buy Veedol to-day 
Drain oil from crankcase and fill with kerosene. 
Run engine very slowly on its own power for thirty 
seconds. Drain all kerosene. To remove kerosene 
remaining in the engine, refill with one quart Veedol. 
Turn engine over about ten times, then drain mixture 
of oil and kerosene and refill to the proper level with 
the correct grade of Veedol. 
A run on familiar roads will show you that your car 
has new pickup and power. It takes hills better and 
has a lower consumption of both oil and gasoline. 
Leading dealers have Veedol in stock 
The new 100-page Veedol book on scientific lubri¬ 
cation will save you many dollars and help you to 
keep your car running at mini¬ 
mum cost. Send 10c. for a copy. 
TIDE WATER OIL 
Sales Corporation 
1676 Bowling Green Bldg., 
New York 
Branches and distributors in 
all principal cities of the 
United States and Canada 
SULCO-V.B 
Charles Fremd's Formula 
Sulphur—Fish Oil—Carbolic Compound 
A Combined Contact Insecticide 
and Fungicide of known reliability. Con¬ 
trols scale insects, also many species of 
lice and fungus diseases on trees, plauts 
and animals. 
AT YOUR DEALERS OR DIRKCT. 
Manufacturers of Standard Fish Oil Soap. 
Booklet Free. Address 
COOK & SWAN CO., INC., 
SoYco Dept. ^ 148 Front St., New York, U.S. A. 
&1R0HAQE 
Farm, Garden and Orchard Tools 
Answer the fanner’s big questions. 
How can I can get my crons sprayed 
when help is scarce? How pro¬ 
tect roy crops against bugs and 
blight? 
IRON AGE 
>rayer 
meofca tho need for a fost-workinjj hfffh-pressiir© field 
apraver. Covers 4 or Grows—65 or 1(X fral. tank. Write to- 
» a day for freo booklet. 
t, or Grows R Bateman MT«Co. 
Box 96R, 
Grenloch.W. J.‘ 
Use Our Money 
To Make Money 
Every wide-awake farmer sees opportunities to make extra 
profits if only he had the capital to “swing things." 
We will help you to buy implements, livestock, feeds, seeds, 
fertilizers—whatever you need to make your farming operations 
more profitable. Over 2000 New York State farmers are 
already using our capital to increase their profits. 
If you are a A r en> York. State farmer and can use money to 
make money we will supply the needed capital at a reasonable 
rate. Write for full particulars. 
M. \V. Cole, President 
Executive Comtuitlee 
Wm. Church Osborn 
Delmar Runkle 
Frank S. Thomas 
Myron S. Hall 
Farmers Fund, Inc. 
Alliance Bank Building 
Rochester :: N.Y. 
is Save valuable 
shrubs from pests 
Valuable house plants and garden 
shrubs are ruined by dangerous in¬ 
sects or blight. They must be sprayed regularly 
and thoroughly, especially at this time of year 
.N o. :.o Metr L'eil Head Made! 
The most satisfactory me¬ 
thod is to use 
A LESSER SPRA YER 
with the proper insecticide 
Lesser hand sprayers have a patented self-lubricating 
plunger; they will do the work easily and completely. 
They cost less than most ordinary sprayers. 
Ask your dealer about Lesser Sprayers 
LESSER MFG. CO., °^ n - 
Sold by all hardware stores 
Lessen Cow Comfort assures increased milk produc¬ 
tion. Makes con’s contented in hot weather. 
Free Catalog 
lu eolors explains 
how you can save 
money on Farm Truck or Road 
Wagons, also steel or wood wheels to hi 
any running 
gear. Semi for 
it today. 
Electric Wheel Co. 
48 flat S(..0umc,.IU. 
