792 
‘Ibc RURAL NEW-YORKER 
April 17, 1020 
TheDe Laval 
Milker 
solves milking problems 
One man can milk three times 
as many cows in an hour with a 
De Laval Milker outfit as by hand. 
The De Laval Milker is simple in construction, 
easy to operate, and dependable in action. It is 
faster, more reliable and more sanitary than any 
other method of milking. 
The De Laval Milker is always on the job, 
weekdays, Sundays and holidays, and during the 
present shortage of help, this is an important item 
in solving the milking problem. The fact that the 
De Laval way is easier and more pleasant lightens 
the work. Better satisfied help is the result, and 
the boys are kept on the farm. 
Wherever cows are milked the world over, the 
name “De Laval” stands for quality and highest 
value to the user. The fact that it bears the name 
“De Laval” is a guarantee that it will give the 
service claimed for it. 
Write to nearest De Laval office for Milker 
Catalog, mentioning number of cows milked 
The De Laval Separator Co. 
165 Broadway 29 East Madison Street 61 Beale Street 
New York Chicago San Francisco 
Live Stock Matters 
Conducted By Prof. F. C. Minkler 
How Many Hogs to the Acre 
Is it the practice to allow 12 hogs to 
flic acre, or do you allow more? We 
expect to house about 40 pigs this Spring. 
• and I wish to know about how much hand 
I it will take to raise pasture and corn for 
them. Ci. s. J. 
New York. 
Tt is a difficult problem to state de¬ 
finitely just how many pigs may he main¬ 
tained on a given area of pasture or for¬ 
age crop. Much depends upon the size and 
Feeding qualities of the pigs; likewise 
there is a great variation in the ability 
! of pasture or* areas devoted to tin* grow¬ 
ing of forage crops to yield succulent 
products. Generally speaking, an acre of 
oats, peas and rape, or an acre of Alfalfa 
i>r an acre of Soy Beaus and Dwarf 
Essex rape, seeded in due season and 
pastured when the plants are eight or 
nine inches high, will take care of 20 pigs 
weighing 100 lbs., or 15 pigs weighing 
200 lbs. A ton of live weight to the acre 
is about the maximum foraging capacity 
nf a given area of forage of average pro¬ 
duction. Based upon still another calcu¬ 
lation. one acre will supply forage for 
four brood sows and their litters through¬ 
out the season if care is exercised in sup¬ 
plying some feed to supplement tiic forage 
crop, and not pasturing down the area 
too closely. So far as corn is con¬ 
cerned. here again there is great varia¬ 
tion in the ability of certain land to 
yield corn. Between 400 and 500 lbs. 
of mature corn are required to yield 100 
lbs. of pork when the corn is supple¬ 
mented with some protein-carrying sub¬ 
supplement their home-grown feeds. 
Therefore, even though you may have 
considerable of the red kidney beans, I 
should very much doubt the wisdom of 
substituting them exclusively for the 
gluten and oilmeal. or expect them to 
provide entirely that amount of protein 
Required to balance your ration. Never¬ 
theless. I would use some of the beans, 
at least experimentally, and see if they 
could not he fed to an advantage in m 
mixture consisting of 400 lbs. corn. MOO 
lhs. oats. 200 lbs. buckwheat. 200 lbs. 
gluten. 200 lhs. beans. 200 llis. oilmeal. 
This could he used at the outset, and 
you could gradually replace some of the 
oilmeal or gluten with added amounts of 
the bean meal, and thus determine to 
what extent it would replace these sub 
stances. Unfortunately, we do not have 
many experiments to guide us in deter¬ 
mining the safe amount of beans to use 
in a ration intended for feeding dairy 
cows. _ 
Feeding Young Pigs 
I am feeding little, just weaned pigs 
(11 in one litter) three times a day. two 
qts. of feed, mixed. 100 lbs. bran and 
middlings, 50 lbs. corn and oats. 25 lhs. 
oilmeal. well sea filed, and milk enough to 
make 14 qts. in all. and one ear of soft 
corn to each pig. Is that enough food? 
They are doing well, I think. I weighed 
some of the largest: at two months and 
two days old they weigh 55 lhs. each. 
There arc three small ones in the litter 
that only weigh 85 lhs. each, but are nice 
and straight. I am told 1 ought not to 
feed sweet milk : it should he soured, but 
Rclf-frrdrr in on Ohio Hop Lot 
stance, such as digester tankage. Soy 
bean meal or some other concentrate rich 
in nitrogen. You are on the right track 
when you arrange to produce some forage 
crops for your growing pigs. Disappoint¬ 
ment is sure to follow any attempt to 
produce pork under conditions requiring 
that the animals be fattened and fed ex¬ 
clusively on purchased or oven home¬ 
grown feeds. 
Beans in Stock Feeding 
I have corn, oats and buckwheat, and 
have to buy gluten and oatmeal to put 
with it. I have red kidney beans, and 
wonder whether I could substitute the 
beans for the gluten and oilmeal. or are 
they of any value at all as a cow feed? I 
i have Alfalfa and intend putting up a 
silo next year. Will yon give me a 
formula, if possible, so I will not be 
obliged to huv any feed? T would like 
to work in the beaus if of any advantage 
as h cow feed, as they grow very well on 
my soil. K. w. .r. 
New York. 
The production of beaus iutended for 
use in feeding live stock has not been 
extensive, nor does it compare in any 
degree with the results obtained by for- 
eign breeders in tbe use of beans as a 
source of protein. The horse bean will 
yield from 22 to 24 per cent of protein, 
and while it will produce, as you suggest, 
average yields per acre, it is not espe¬ 
cially palatable when ground and incor¬ 
porated in a ration intended for feeding 
livestock. The cull field beans are used 
extensively in the feeding of sheep, while 
Soy beans are gaining very rapidly in 
popularity, for they supply a great deal 
of protein and a surprisingly large 
amount of carbohydrate in combination. 
The one objection generally raised to the 
feeding of beans is based upon the prem¬ 
ise that they are more or less toxic* in 
their properties, that they contain so 
much free oil that they soon become ran¬ 
cid when ground and exposed to the air. 
and as a result feeders have preferred to 
use such products as cottonseed, gluten, 
oilmeal. or other carriers of protein to 
ft is cold weather and there is no good 
place to sour it. w. H. j. 
New York. 
There is no advantage in attempting to 
sour milk for pigs during the Whiter 
months, or where one has access to sep¬ 
arated milk, or conditions that will enable 
you to feed the sweet milk regularly every 
day. It has been found that where it is 
impossible to obtain milk of the same 
quality each day. that is. where it is im¬ 
possible to keep milk sweet for feeding 
purposes, there is an advantage in sour¬ 
ing all of the milk in order that the pigs 
may have a constant diet rather than a 
changing diet. Of course, the best way 
to feed the milk is direct from the sep¬ 
arator. or, as you have indicated, as soon 
as it is skimmed. The results that you 
have obtained in feeding young pigs ought 
to be very encouraging. Pigs that weigh 
50 lhs. each at 02 days old are far above 
tin* average. 
it is not necessary to feed wheat bran 
to young pigs, especially when you have 
middlings, ground oats, or oilmeal. It 
is advisable to feed the grain to pigs in 
the form of a thick slop or mash rather 
than diluted into thin swill, as is the 
common practice among many farmers. 
You will find that the skim-milk will im¬ 
prove your ration, and. of course, you 
should feed all that is available. Usually 
there is a difference in the feeding quali¬ 
ties and gaining propensities in pigs even 
of the same litter, and it is not uncom¬ 
mon to have tail-euders or runts follow¬ 
ing along. As soon ns they are able to 
make some gains, it might be well to con¬ 
tinue them in the herd: but they are 
standir invitations to disease if they 
are del itely stunted, and one would lx* 
justifies in destroying them when it seems 
evident, that they cannot make regular or 
profitable gains. The best results in pork 
production will result from generous feed¬ 
ing of the* brood sow during the stage 
when the pigs are nursing, for there is 
nothing equal or superior to mothers 
milk in feeding young animals, especially 
pig-, and it is well to allow the brood 
sow all of the grain that she will eat 
with relish during the nursing period. 
