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824 
The RURAL NEW.YORKER 
Back of 
Time-Table 
jffi-: ; 
: For every train, on 
every time-table, there 
are: dozens of men—dis¬ 
patchers, conductors, engi 
neers—who must work with 
an eye always on the time. 
They'time their trains with 
thjejjwatches they carry. 
Were these watches inaccu¬ 
rate* time-tables would lose 
halTtheir dependability and 
convenience. 
-More Hamilton Watches 
are carried by railroad men 
th'aii any other make. That 
is ubecause Hamiltons are 
built right, and stay right, 
throughout their long life. 
In twenty-seven years at the throttle. 
Engineer Jesse J. Brooksby of the 
New York Central Lines has learned 
the value of an accurate timekeeper in 
keeping on schedule. For the past ten 
years now he’s carried Hamilton time. 
amiltott 
The Watch of Railroad Accuracy 
You ought to have a watch like the Hamilton. The 
modern farm is a busy place. Hamilton accuracy would 
help you do a bigger day’s work by the here-and-there 
saving of minutes. The Hamilton is the natural selection 
of successful men everywhere. 
See some of the many Hamilton models at your jewel¬ 
er’s. There’s one to suit your individual taste. Prices 
range from #38 to #200. Movements alone, #20 (in 
Canada $23) and up. 
Send today for “The Timekeeper”—an interesting little 
book about the manufacture and care of fine watches. 
The various Hamilton models are illustrated with prices.^ 
HAMILTON WATCH COMPANY 
Lancaster, Pennsylvania 
that you can step into with a glow of pride; pride in its 
outward appearance and in the quality of its performance. 
One that willyielddividends of sturdy endurance through 
the coming miles and years. One that has back of it the 
standard of quality and value that made Elkhart 
Carriages the pride of thousands of farmers everywhere. 
, ELCARS are equipped with two remarkable engines — the 
Elcar-Lycoming in the Fours, and the marvelous new 7-R Red 
Seal Continental motor in the Sixes. Aside from the engines the 
chassis of the Fours and the Sixes is just the same. Delco starting, 
lighting and ignition, double-strength Salisbury rear axles, Timken 
and Bower bearings, Strombcrg carburetors, M illard batteries. 
When you see how skillfully these are united and co-ordinated in 
the chassis, how simple and mechanically perfect is the whole 
chassis construction, you will appreciate fully the remarkable value 
of the 1920 Elcar that makes it 
“The Most Reasonably Priced Fine Car Ever Made” 
Write for name of nearest dealer and catalog “H” 
ELKHART CARRIAGE & MOTOR CAR CO. 
Builders of Fine Vehicles Since 1873 
ELKHART, INDIANA 
When you write advertisers mention The R. N.-Y. and you’ll get a 
quick reply and a **square deal.” See guarantee editorial page. 
The Henyard 
Chicks that Count 
Fart II. 
Problems in Management. — There 
are certain chick troubles which are apt 
to occur in any flock, and it is well to 
know , what to do for them, ami especially 
what'by do to prevent them. Cannibal¬ 
ism is a trouble which, if it once starts 
' in a flock and is not speedily checked, 
will run through the - flock, sometimes 
causing tremendous losses. It. starts with 
the [apparently harmless habit of toe-j 
i.picking, th toes being bright, attract! 
'attention and chicks start picking each 
others toes until blood is drawn. The 
blood is an added attraction, and once 
the taste of blood is acquired, it is speed¬ 
ily developed. The picking then extends 
to the vent, and in extremely bad cases 
the entrails are eaten out. At the first 
.signs of cannibalism the chicks that have 
been picked should be removed, and the 
amount of meat scrap, granulated bone 
and succulence should be increased* If 
proper amounts of these foods are given, 
there ought not to he much danger of this 
trouble breaking out. The habit very 
often gets its start' when chicks are left 
too long in the incubator after hatching. 
Toe-picking very often starts here. 
Bowel Troubles. — Bowel troubles-, 
both diarrhoea and constipation, in chick¬ 
raising are common, and should be avoid¬ 
ed. Wet, sloppy feeds, irregular feeding, 
overfeeding and feeding of moldy or musty 
feeds or meat scraps are some of the more 
common causes of bowel troubles. These 
troubles can generally be regulated by 
the man in charge giving more careful at¬ 
tention to what he feeds and how he 
feeds. The schedule for feeding given 
above can be followed with safety. A 
very common digestive trouble is due to 
the fact that chicks very often stand be¬ 
fore the dry mash hopper or drinking 
fountain, gorging themselves with mash 
the year when the weather 1 is the warmest, 
the houses should be planned and con¬ 
structed to admit of plenty, of fresh air. 
A small open-front house, raised slightly 
above ground, answers the purpose very 
well. And in addition to' :ideal housing 
conditions, shade and an abundance of 
green food must be supplied. If natural 
shade and green food are; 'missing, they 
must be supplied by planting crops that 
will supply both succulence ■ and shade. 
Corn, for instance, is a' good crop for 
shade, and'there is the advantage here of 
growihg two crops at once—corn and 
chickens. Other crops which may be used 
are wheat, oats, clover, rye, rape, Alfalfa. 
Shade may also be supplied by building 
artificial shelters of boughs,; boards, mus¬ 
lin or anything which will allow the birds 
to take refuge from the hot' Summer sun. 
Avoid Ptomaine Poisoning. — The 
caretaker, owner, attendant Qr one whose 
duty it is t care for the stock on range 
should' examine his ranges carefully for 
the carcasses of dead birds or other ani¬ 
mals, for if these are allowed to remain 
in the hot sun they will decay, and if 
eaten by the stock, which is frequently 
the case, will cause ptomaine poisoning. 
Large numbers of casualties have been 
recorded from this cause alone. A trip 
through the ranges twice a week to re¬ 
move any such causes of poisoning will 
often result in a large saving to the 
owner. Other forms of poisoning may 
result from the birds eating old paint 
skins, or from being allowed to run in 
orchards whore spraying'has been done, 
or from allowing (lie birds access to old 
dump heaps where poisonous materials 
may be found. 
Protection Against Enemies. —Ab¬ 
solute protection against all kinds of ene¬ 
mies must be afforded. Cats. dogs, skunks, 
weasels and thieves all rank in the same 
class, as far as the results of their visits 
affect the poultry keeper. Tight fences 
Feeding a Lively Lot of Young Stock 
or water, as the case may be. This may 
easily be remedied by leaving the mash 
hopper or water fountain in the pen for 
only short periods at a time, gradually 
lengthening the time they are left in as 
the habit wears off. 
Leg weakness is another trouble which 
sometimes occurs in flocks. This is due 
to an overheated brooder compartment— 
especially the floor—with the resulting 
chilling which comes when the chicks go 
outside on the cold ground. The vitality 
of the chicks has been so lowered by the 
overheated brooder that they are suscep¬ 
tible to leg weakness. This can be 
avoided by careful attention to the tem¬ 
perature of the brooder. The whole busi¬ 
ness of brooding chicks depends upon de¬ 
tails, constant watching, and immediate 
attention to any irregularities. Upon 
these factors hinges success in brooding. 
On Bange. —When chicks are old 
enough so that sex can be distinguished, 
i. e., about 10 weeks of age, separate the 
cockerels from the pullets and keep them 
by themselves. A great deal of trouble 
and moving of chicks is saved by separat¬ 
ing the sexes before placing the stock on 
range. By removing the cockerels from 
the pullets the pullets will do much bet¬ 
ter. getting their full growth and devel¬ 
opment without being annoyed by the 
males. This annoyance by the males 
helps to retard the development of the 
females as much, if not more, than any 
other factor. On the other hand, males 
kept by themselves have not the tendency 
to fight that they have when allowed to 
run with the pullets. It is easier, also, 
at this time to take out of the flock the 
surplus cockerels above what are needed 
on the home plant and fatten them for 
market, sidling them as broilers. The 
broiler item is one that cannot or, rather, 
ought not to be neglected, for besides u 
saving of feed on those that are sold, a 
cash dividend is returned 1 which goes a 
long way toward defraying the expense of 
raising the pullets to maturity. 
Fresh Air and Green Food. —Healthy 
conditions and careful watching on range 
during the rearing period are as essential 
as in the brooding period. As the young 
stock are on range during the season of 
and houses and careful watch over them 
are required constantly in some sections. 
A good watch dog that will not disturb 
the chickens is an asset on a range. Or¬ 
dinary common sense and Attention to 
details govern the operations in caring 
for young stock. Success in brooding and 
rearing is in direct proportion to the start 
the chicks get after removal from flie 
incubator, purity of the soil upon whkii 
they are brooded, i. c., from contamina¬ 
tion from previous flocks, the amount of 
free range they are given, the amount of 
green food obtainable and constant at¬ 
tention to details. is. is. hannas. 
The Poor Old Rooster 
I notice what you say about shutting 
off the rooster’s crow on page flt!4. If 
what Prof. Kirkpatrick of the Connecticut 
Agricultural College claims, that the 
rooster stands up, flaps his wings and 
throws his head hack when lie crows in 
the early morn when he is on the roost 
is so, you cannot prove it by me, as I 
never sleep with the chickens. All you 
have to do in town to keep the rooster 
from troubling the sleepy folks is to 
make a frame and cover it with chicken 
wire and put hinges on it and place it 
over the roost. With a cord and a pulley 
you can let it down at night after the 
flock has gone to roost, and raise it the 
next day before roosting time. Connect 
a wire to the cord and run it to the back 
porch to raise the lower wire lid and 
save the walk to the henhouse and back. 
This prevents the rooster from standing 
up, but still it is high enough so it will 
not interfere with them jumping oil the 
roost in the morning. C. i>. mooke. 
Klickitat Co., Wash. 
Removing Rooster’s Spurs 
On page 705 someone asks about re¬ 
moving a rooster’s spurs. Cock-fighters 
do this with a small, fine-tooth saw, cut¬ 
ting the stubs about one-third of an men 
long, and applying pulverized alum at 
once. As au evidence that the operation 
is not very painful, it is often performed 
at (lie pit side, just before the light, m 
which the birds are “heeled” with steel 
“gaffs.” c. o. l. 
