The RURAL NEW-YORKER 
849 
Farm Mechanics 
Shade for the Tractor Driver 
()ur neighbor has devised a plan, as 
shown by the illustration, whereby much 
of the inconvenience of tractor driving is 
taken away so far as the hot sun is con¬ 
cerned. A G-ft. umbrella is attached so 
as fully to cover the operator, no matter 
from which direction the sun is shining, 
or which way the tractor is operated. The 
speed of the tractor is fast enough to 
cause a good breeze to pass under the um¬ 
brella, so that much of the heat developed 
within the tractor is taken away before it 
reaches the operator. With this umbrella 
attachment the heat of the day is not 
noticed, and the operator can give more 
attention to the field work. 
Ohio. c. M. BAKER. 
Whitewash for Cellar 
Will you give me a formula for white¬ 
wash to be used on cellar walls (in¬ 
terior! ? Is not this considered good 
treatment for such a purpose? I prefer 
subjected where it is laid below the hy¬ 
draulic gradient. In order that a pipe 
line conveying a water supply from a 
higher to a lower point may flow full 
and that the capacity of the flow will not 
be retarded by the accumulation of air 
at any noint of the line, it is the best plan 
to have the line follow the hydraulic 
gradient if the contour of the land admits 
of doing so, and thus avoid pressure on 
any pait of the line caused by air where 
the line rises above the hydraulic gradient, 
and increased head pressure on parts of 
the line when it is below the hydraulic 
gradient. 
A. X. R. states that his pipe discharges 
about 100 gals, per minute. If this is so. 
it is only discharging about two-thirds of 
its capacity. Allowing for loss of head 
and frictional resistance. I compute that 
a (5-in. tile pipe line one mile long, 14 ft. 
head, has a velocity of ^ ft. per second, 
and the discharge about 158 gals, per min¬ 
ute; therefore there is a loss of between 
50 and GO gals, per minute. This loss 
may be partly oh account of leakage at 
the joints and the full flow being possibly 
retarded by accumulation of air. 
lie also states that at one point of the 
line the vertical distance below the intake 
Sunshade for the Tractor Driver 
one good formula, which has been worked 
out and is known to be satisfactory, 
rather than several from which it' would 
be necessary to select one. L. B. J. 
Seneca Falls, X. Y. 
The following is the formula for the 
“Government whitewash,” said to be used 
by the Federal Government officials for 
such exposed structures as lighthouses, 
etc.: Slake a half bushel of lime in boiling 
water, keeping it covered. Strain this; 
add a peck of salt dissolved in warm 
water, three pounds of ground rice boiled 
in water to a thin paste, one-half pound 
of powdered Spanish whiting and one 
pound of clear glue dissolved in warm 
water. Stir the mixture well and let it 
stand for several days. Apply hot. An¬ 
other formula for an interior whitewash, 
less expensive than the one given above, 
is: Slake lime with water and add suf¬ 
ficient skim-milk to bring it to a con¬ 
sistency of thin cream. To each gallon 
add one ounce of salt and two ounces of 
brown sugar dissolved in water;. Yes, 
whitewash is a good application for use 
upon almost anything but a politician. 
It is a disinfectant of moderate efficiency 
and adds greatly to the lightening of 
dark interiors. It is cheap, more lasting 
tliau most people think, if properly made 
and applied, is (prickly applied to large 
surfaces and easily renewed. In these 
days of inexcusably high prices of paints 
it should fie turned to as a substitute of 
great value and made the most of. The 
too nearly forgotten whitewash brush 
should be brought out again and its 
bristles made to combat those upon the 
backs of the paint profiteers. M. b. d. 
Breaks in Tile Pipe Line 
A. X R., Branchville, X. .1.. asks 
about tins on page 864. The possible 
causes nf tln« breaking of his 6-in. tile 
Pipe fine are: 
1 - 1 lie a, .lation of air. causin; 
'ater hammer at the high points of 
l"pe line Where the pipe line may h 
iccn laid at previous points above 
hydraulic gradient: where that part of 
P Pe line becomes a siphon, thus cans 
'Z 0 in the highest point of 
s ) 1011 Then, in order to keep the f! 
n \c. 1( ‘ InK 1( ' tai 'dcd. and possible r 
is h \ " ,e compressed air. 
nine '' SiU '- to have air valves or v 
lapis at the highest points to remove 
nine j" S 5\t ent strength of stonew 
*Ule liC'ld S t St a i5 l '? at - Pr am0Unt ,,f PI 
luad to which it may be possi 
is .'12 ft., therefore at this point the pipe 
line is below the hydraulic gradient, and 
is. therefore, subject to increased pres¬ 
sure caused by the difference in head from 
that point to the hydraulic gradient. I 
compute the pressure at this point be¬ 
tween 10 and 11 lbs. per square iu< !i, 
which is possibly the limit that stoneware 
pipe can resist. I think the best plan 
would be for you to have tests made 
along your pipe line for air. This can be 
accomplished bv inserting 6x4-in. T’s with 
4-in. tile placed vertically (tight joints) 
in the highest point of the line on the 
vertical curves to act as vent pipes to 
release the air, if there should be any air 
that might be the cause of the breaks. 
If I had a grade profile of your pipe 
line I would bo able to locate the exact 
point where the vent pipes should be 
placed along the line. If the air vents 
do not increase the discharge and remedy 
the trouble from future breaks, after they 
have been placed, it will no doubt be 
necessary to strengthen that part of the 
line under pressure by replacing same 
with stronger pipes. John kelly. 
Xew Jersey. 
An observant young lady from Boston, 
on her first trip West. saw. when crossing 
the plains, a herd of branded cattle. “Oh, 
see the engraved cows!” she remarked en¬ 
thusiastically.—Everybody's Magazine. 
Subscribers’ Exchange 
Other Advertisments of Subscribers’ 
Exhange will be found on page 855 . 
I'OIt SALE -2ft acres. largo house. 3 cottages. 
ham. ire house: Lake Shore State road, Buf¬ 
falo to Cleveland: unusual importunity for eater- 
b'g to nutoists. UOBEKT FOOTE, Lake View. 
WANTED—Small farm, about 20 acres. New 
York. Connecticut or Jersey, hordering a lake, 
suitable for poultry: give full pnrtloula-s in 
lirst letter. A. DEGKN, 73 Decatur St.. Brook¬ 
lyn, X. Y. 
• ’OR SALE TOO acres in high state of fertility 
in Erie Bounty, l. r > miles from Buffalo: good 
buildings; 7 cows, 3 horses, 2 pigs, all farm im¬ 
plements: miiuni 1 gas. spring, valuable timber, 
3 acres strinvU-rries fruit this year: plowing 
completed. Address BOX 23, North Boston. 
Erie Co.. X. Y. 
70 AC1SKS: very productive; 17 head stork. 
team, tools. womi1, water: good buildings; fine 
location; on improved road; near State road and 
markets; terms easy. C. BOSE. Frankfort. 
N. Y. 
WANTED—To rent, chicken farm, with option 
bnving; give all information first letter. 
DKCKE11. 2707 Marion Avenue, New York City. 
Edit SALE—fiacre farm; 12 room house: barn, 
hen house, wood house, wood lot; good water; 
$1,000. RAYMOND Cl 0\V, Grnpeville, Greene 
Co., N. Y. 
FARMS FOR" SALE—20-aere poultry farm; 
modern house, improvements: also tift-aere 
grain-dairy farm: 00 miles from N. Y. City: 
New Jersey town of 3,000. BOX 03, North 
White Plains, N. Y. 
SAWS AND TOOLS 
Every Farm Needs the Saw 
Most Woodsmen Use 
A DISSTON Cross-cut Saw cuts fast and 
clean. No pinching, no binding, no buck¬ 
ling. And it holds its keen cutting edge under 
all sorts of working conditions. Frequent 
sharpenings are unnecessary. 
That’s why the Disston is the cross-cut saw 
most woodsmen use. And that’s why it’s the 
best saw for your requirements. You can’t 
afford to waste time with an inferior saw that 
has to be sharpened and set continually. 
* Disston Saws are sold at all good 
hardware stores. Many stores 
specialize on Disston exclusively. 
Send today for free copy of “Disston 
Saws and Tools for the Farm.” It contains 
information of value to you. 
HENRY DISSTON & SONS, Inc. 
“America’s Largest and Longest-Established 
Makers of Hand Saws, Cross-Cut Saws, Band 
Saws, Circular Saws and Tools’’ 
Philadelphia, U. S. A. 
Canadian Distributors 
Henry Disston & Sons, Ltd., Toronto, Canada 
\SS7~o 
V 
130-ACRE FARM: $7,000; with tools. 10 cows. 
six heifers, forty sheep, pair of extra good 
horses: location three miles from R. R.. on road 
for improvement: running water at buildings: 
23 acres woods: good land: few stones; 30 apple 
trees, plums and pears; large buildings. Cl.A RE 
GREGORY, Mt. Vision. N. Y. 
WANTED—For rent, during .Tilly and August. 
four or five-room furnished cottage, or part of 
same, within 100 miles of New York: close to 
streams or lake where there is good fishing. 
AEGEST WEBER, 227 Oak Street, Weehawken. 
N. J. 
Miscellaneous 
EUREKA potato planter for sale: perfect con¬ 
dition; make offer if interested. A. II. ARM¬ 
STRONG, IT. D. 1, Seheuectady, N. Y. 
HERE is n bargain. Who wants it? A 10- 
horsepower Fairbanks gas engine mounted on 
trucks, in good condition, and a 3-unit llinman 
milking machine, with pulleys, shaft, etc.; this 
outfit new would cost over $1,000: $330 takes it, 
or will sell separate. LI. W. LAMBERT, Chit- 
tcnnngo, N. Y. 
FOR SALE—Waterloo Boy tractor; new. 
WILLIAM SNELL, R. F. D. 3. Stroudsburg, 
Pa. 
WANTED—Drill seeder: also reaper and binder. 
BOX 03.Kiverdale, New Jersey. 
CLOVER HONEY—Warranted pure: 12 pounds, 
$4.30: postage paid, third tone. LONG- 
FELLOW BROS.. Hallowell, Maine. 
FOR SALE—Roderick Lean 32 18-inch disc 
tractor harrow; used hut one season; $75.00. 
HARVEY HEAD, Paris Station, N. Y. 
FOR SALE—10 K. W. Peerless Generator and 
an E13 Philadelphia electric storage battery: 
will In- sold reasonable. A. CASSEL, llar- 
ley8Vllle, Pa. 
CHOCOLATES—Pnre honey centers; healthful 
and delicious; 1-lb. box. 05c: 2-lb.. SI.25. up 
to fourth zone; money with order. "ENDION,” 
Naples, N. Y. 
WANTED- To purchase, second-hand canning 
and evaporating machinery. Address ADVER¬ 
TISER 0704, care Rural New-Yorker. 
GEARANTEKD pure Vermont maple syrup. $3 
per gal. E. E. TOT’CIIETTE, Montgomery 
Center, Yt. 
FOR SALE New six-cylinder Avery tractor anil 
two-bottom Vulcan plow: never used. AD¬ 
VERTISER 0802. care Rural New Yorker. 
FOR SALK—Clarks one-horse disk with handles; 
12 15-inch disks: new; $15. LEWIS HOS¬ 
TETLER. Johnstown. Pa. 
PURE Vermont maple syrup. $3 gallon; sugar, 
lft-lb. pail, $3.75: if larger onantitles, write 
for prices. CRIMRLECOMRE. Marshfield. Vt. 
FOR SALE—One or more tons of horseradish. 
Address MANAGER CHAUTAUQUA FARMS 
CO., South Dayton. N. Y. 
MOLINE tractor and plow and 2 sets of plates, 
slightly used: good as new; Latest model; 
price $1,400. YOUNG FARM, Burnside, Orange 
Co.. N. Y. 
FOR SALE—Wall tent. 10 by 12; good condition; 
$25. or exchange chickens. LAWRENCE 
WOLFE. Leeds. N. Y. 
PORTABLE sawmill, slightly used: 50-lnch in¬ 
serted tooth blade; 15-foot carrier. ALFRED 
OLSON. Box 228. Frencbtown, N. J. 
FOR SALE—Empire milking machine; 4 siugle 
units: electric motor: practically new: also Do 
Laval separator, No. 22, with motor: also 8-1(5 
Avery tractor, with two-bottom plow: bargains. 
LYON FARM, Lyons Falls. N. Y, 
FOR SALE—One Wideawake grain separator, 
equipped with self-feeder and wind stacker: 
used two short seasons: paint as bright as new; 
price $400. SIDNEY B. SIMMONS. Sterling St.i 
tion. Cayuga Co., N. Y. 
FOR SALE—Or exchange for live stock or other 
useful articles. De I.aval cream separator No. 
5. new. SQUAWBETTY FARM, East Taunton. 
Mass. 
FOR SALE— New Colt acetylene lighting and 
cooking equipment; never uncrated; sacrifice. 
W. B. WOODWARD, Wayland, Mass. 
FOR SALE—Titan tractor, with 3 14-in. plows 
and disk, complete: in good running order; 
cheap. JAMES II. SEAMAN. Glens Falls. N. V. 
FOR SAI.E—3 Cornell gasoline brooder heaters; 
also have one “Modern” duplicator. C. G. 
SCIIHYVER. Omar. N. Y. 
WANTED—An old-fashioned spinning wheel. 
ADVERTISER 0901, care Rural New-Yorker. 
FOR SAT.E—J. I. Case Eniear two-bottom 14-in. 
power lift engine plow: used little; price one 
hundred dollars. BENJAMIN WILLIAMS. Rush- 
ford. N. Y. 
FOR SALE—Beemau ganlen tractor: perfect 
condition: cultivating frame, four shanks, four 
cultivating shovels: this makes a complete out¬ 
fit ready for use; price, freight paid, $1S5.00. 
H. TURRENT1NE, Waukon. Iowa. 
FOR SALE—Second-hand bee supplies, extract¬ 
ing and comb honey supers, frames, founda¬ 
tion. etc.: cheap. LOUIS SAUER. Gardiner, 
N. Y. 
FOR SALE—One light wood beam plow and one 
light iron beam: $5 each; also have single 
comb Black Minorca cockerels at $3 each; maple 
syrup. $3 per gallon. L. D. FARSELL, South 
Dayton. N. Y. 
FOR SAT.E—Tiger transplanting machine: only 
used on five acres; practically uew. W. I\. 
BANNER. R. D. 1, Sellersville, Pa. 
