The RURAL. NEW-YORKER 
961 
Fertilizing a Mulched Orchard 
I was very much interested in the de¬ 
scription of the neglected orchard by the 
Ohio Experiment Station found on page 
764. I. and perhaps many others, would 
like to know how the orchard was fer¬ 
tilized. how often the grass was cut each 
season, on the grass-mulch portion, and 
was the cut grass left as it dropped or 
gathered about the trees? Which of the 
two methods is generally considered the 
bettor practice of handling the cut grass? 
Much of the orchard land in New Eng¬ 
land is too stony and hilly for convenient 
cultivation. T. S. 
Southbury. Conn. 
We use about five pounds each of 
nitrate of soda and acid phosphate, mixed, 
for applying around each apple tree be¬ 
neath the outer ends of the branches. 
This for trees of bearing age. say from 
15 to 20 years old. that are standing on 
poor soil. For younger trees a much 
smaller quantity should be used. For 
trees planted but one or two years a 
handful, or say one-fourth pound of 
nitrate for each tree, is sufficient. The 
quantity may be increased each season at 
about the rate of one-fourth pound per 
tree. The fertilizer is scattered in circles 
around the trees as far as or a little 
farther out than the ends of the horizontal 
branches—not immediately about the 
bases of the trees. The application is 
made directly upon the surface of the 
ground, or upon the mulching material 
in case the trees are mulched with straw 
or similar substances. The time for fer¬ 
tilization is in early Spring, just as the 
leaf buds are bursting and beginning to 
expose to view the blossom bud clusters. 
We usually cut the grass in the orchard 
in .Tune, or at the time the seed-heads of 
the grass are beginning to show, and 
again in Autumn just before the time for 
beginning the apple harvest, allowing the 
grass to lie where it falls when cut in 
orchards of bearing age. In newly- 
planted or young growing orchards we 
rake a part of the grass and use it as a 
concentrated mulch around each tree, 
thus providing conditions under which 
the soil about the trees is kept cool and 
moist. This does not mean that the 
mulch shall be placed immediately about 
the bases of the trees. It should be kept 
a foot or two away from the bases, and 
the small circular space within the circle 
of mulch kept clean and mellow by use 
of hand hoes. Mice are seldom destruc¬ 
tive where attention to hoeing as well as 
mulching is given. 
In order to provide a greater quantity 
of grass for mulching, as well as to in¬ 
crease the fruitfulness of the trees, the 
fertilizer is sometimes drilled uniformly 
over the entire orchard areas at the rate 
of at least 200 pounds each of nitrate of 
soda and acid phosphate. F. H. ballott. 
Ohio. 
f 
Acid Phosphate for Plums 
On page 583 a correspondent asks the 
cause for the dropping of his plums when 
the size of small peas. Having had the 
same trouble in the past. I would like to 
pass on my experience for the benefit of 
a fellow laborer. My trees are in grass, 
were set in 1000. and have made good 
growth. Four years ago I commenced 
the practice of severely cutting back all 
branches, and the same year began the 
use of S lbs. of acid phosphate per tree, 
the result being that dropping has ceased, 
stem rot disappeared, stem attachment 
materially strengthened, the plums are 
much larger, the quality is decidedly im¬ 
proved. and I am getting a fair crop every 
year, and once in two years a heavy one. 
In pruning I intend to cut back every 
branch from two to three feet. The fer¬ 
tilizer is applied just as the leaves start. 
Last year from 22 Burbanks we picked 
110 bushels of choice plums, the third 
large crop since 1915. and today the trees 
carry more fruit buds than iii any pre¬ 
vious year. In fact, the man who does 
my pruning declares that from 22 Bur¬ 
banks he took fruit buds enough for TOO 
bushels, and when I saw the waste I be¬ 
lieved him. Even if it pays it takes 
moral courage to cut like that., therefore 
1 let someone else do it and I put my time 
in elsewhere. n > 
Unfortunately, fruit buds in April do 
noi guarantee fruit in August, but thev 
do tell of the health and vigor of the 
i ces and of their purpose to do their part 
it weather conditions are favorable. An¬ 
other lesson is forced, that the Red June 
and Abundance are not ms hardv as Bur¬ 
bank the severe freeze of 1917-18 injur- 
ng them so that the Red .Tune have died, 
vi de the Burbanks and Shropshire Dam¬ 
sons are vigorous and healthy. 
‘ laine - c. m. TWITCHELL. 
Tobacco Growing in Wisconsin 
i n ^ 011 ,1°J1 US where tobacco is grown 
• What Particular sections 
ate noted for this crop? j. K . 
grown in'\v- 01 Fortiou of the tobacco 
K meonsin is found in the fol- 
5llc eS T ?ane { Vernon. Rock. 
WIt h about 7.000 
larlv in f-hill m ot ,l ler counties, particu- 
Rieiihuid ,nr' Va ' Bar ^V 11, Trempealeau, 
in to- apu .Green. The total acreage 
u M isconsm is about 45.000. The prin 
t . v-?® CC0 t0 rV} s are Edgertou. Stough- 
a 1 M q " a ’ f ln I'!'ewa Falls. Janesville 
amt Madison. JAMES JOHNSON. 
er'Sws “J?* s . eeui impressed by Broth- 
en.” ‘‘Y nm g g ‘inscription of Ileav- 
mgent ’’-lAr„ikf 0U se ^ - ^ e ’ s u real estate 
Melbourne Australasian. 
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‘Double Cable Base 
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Federal White Non- 
Skid “ Rugged" Tread 
Extra Ply Fabric 
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Shielded From Rim Wear 
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Here is the tire which does not 
have to fight the rim of the wheel. 
The Double-Cable-Base, exclusive to 
Federal Tires, prevents this useless 
tire waste. Four endless cables of 
stranded steel hold the Federal Tire 
permanently firm to its rim. 
—Tubes do not pinch; fabric is 
not broken; rim cutting does not 
happen; blow-outs above the rim do 
not occur. 
The motorists who ride on Fed¬ 
eral Tires are getting all the mileage 
that tires can give. Why not be one 
of them? 
THE FEDERAL RLBBER COMPANY, of Illinois, Factories, Cudahy , TVis. 
Manufacturers of Federal Automobile Tires, Tubes and Sundries, Motorcycle, Bicycle and Carriage 
Tires, Rubber Heels, Horse Shoe Pads, Rubber Matting and Mechanical Rubber Goods 
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Ditch Wet Land 
Mirth this Simplex 
Cuts a mile of ditch a,day, 
V-shaped, wide or narrow, to a 
depth of 4 feet. Builds terraces 
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.and gullies. Sent you oa 
I TEN DAYS’ TRIAL 
Does the work of a hun¬ 
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Simplex Farm Ditcher Co., Io«. 
Box 85 Owensboro, Kentucky 
Does Ten 
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One Man 
Saws 25 Cords a Bay 
The Ottawa Log Saw falls trees or cuts off stumps 
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80 Days Trial. Write for Free Book and Cash or Easy Terms. 
OTTAWA MFQ. CO., 1861 Wood St., Ottawa, Kans. 
Several Hundred Ohio Farms 
For Sale 
W E are offering several hundred of the best farms in 
Ohio at prices that are low in comparison to the 
value of the property and the income assured purchasers. 
These farms are a part of the Miami Conservancy Dis¬ 
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and represent a surplus acreage that we own in the 
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Rich silt loam top-soil deposits make this land very pro¬ 
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It is our earnest desire to bring more good farmers to this 
community, which lies within a thirty mile radius of 
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We Would Like to Send You Booklets Giving De¬ 
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THE MIAMI CONSERVANCY DISTRICT 
DAYTON. OHIO 
PAINT 
$ 1.35 
PER 
Gallon 
ORDER DIRECT FROM FACTORY 
We will send you as many gallons as you 
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Factory: 372 WAYNE ST.. JERSEY CITY. N. J. 
sA w 'sX'srft'jil. 
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WITH 
SULCO-V B. 
Charles Fremd’s Formula 
Sulphur—Fish Oil—Carbolic Compound 
A Combined Contact Insecticide 
and FUngicide of known reliability. Con¬ 
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AT YOUR DEALERS OR DIRECT. 
Manufacturers of Standard Fish Oil Soap. 
Booklet Free. Address 
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Sufco Dept. R 148 Front St., New York, U. S. A. 
The THRESHING PROBLEM 
P AI Ifflk Threshes eowpeas and soybeans 
aULvljU from the mown vines, wheat, 
oats, rye antf barley. A perfect 
combination machine. Nothing like it. “The 
machiue I have been looking for for 20 
years," W. F. Massey. “It will meet every 
demand,” H. A. Morgan. Director Teun. Exp. 
Station. Booklet 30 free. 
Roger Pea & BeanThresher Co..Morristown,Tenn. 
