The RURAL NEW-YORKER 
1453 
The Henyard 
Horseflesh for Poultry 
Would you advise using the flesh of an 
old horse for poultry feed? How can it 
be put up so it can be kept for some time 
without spoiling? A. G. E. 
Pennsylvania. 
The flesh of a healthy horse is suitable 
for poultry, no matter what the age of 
the horse. It is. of course, impossible to 
keep such flesh for any great length of 
time in warm weather, though packing it 
in some such absorbent as dry bran or 
charcoal will help. If such meat could 
be cooked and canned upon a large scale 
it could be kept indefinitely, but most 
users find it impracticable to feed fresh 
meat to any great extent except in cold 
weather. H. B. D. 
Separating Cockerels and Pullets 
At what age should chicks be separated, 
and how can I distinguish the sex? 
New Jersey. p. w. A. 
It is best to separate the sexes as soon 
ns the males can be distinguished, as the 
cockerels are quarrelsome and annoy the 
pullets, preventing the even development 
that undisturbed access to the food given 
promotes. It is easy to distinguish the 
males of the Leghorns and lighter breeds 
by the greater development of the comb 
and a more masculine appearance of the 
head generally. In the case of the heavier 
breeds with small combs a longer wait 
will be necessary. It will be found that 
males will continue to make their appear¬ 
ance in the flock of supposed pullets for 
some time, their characteristic masculine 
appearance developing late, but a little 
observation will soon teach you what to 
look for. M. B. D. 
Feather-eating Ducks 
Can you tell me what to do with our 
flock of young ducks? They are eating 
feathers and have got some of the other 
ducks’ wings bleeding. We give them 
three parts bran to one part cornmeal 
with a little sand. They are about 10 
weeks old. mbs. c. c. 
New York. 
Like chicks, young ducklings are apt 
to get bad habits if closely confined, with 
too little outside of themselves to occupy 
their attention. These ducklings should 
be given a new range, on grass if possible, 
and the chief offenders should be watched 
for and removed temoprarily from the 
flock. Such vices are more easily pre¬ 
vented than cured, but you will probably 
be able to distract the attention of the 
vicious from their fellows by giving them 
new ground to range over, grass to eat 
and a change of scenery; if you do not, 
try to catch them at their work and give 
them an opportunity to repent their can¬ 
nibalistic trait in solitude. M. B. D. 
Colds or Roup 
Would you tell me what to do for 
chickens that sneeze and breathe hard, as 
if they have a cold in the head? My 
hens have done this more or less ail 
Spring and Summer, but it has not 
seemed to affect their laying. Now one 
of my young pullets seems to have the 
same trouble, and I would like to check 
it before Winter sets in. I have given 
them kerosene, but it does not seem to 
help them, only temporarily. MRS. J. c. 
New York. 
Fowls are subject to colds, and such 
fowls are probably more susceptible to 
roup than those with perfectly healthy 
respiratory organs. These colds should be 
avoided by giving the flock dry. comfort¬ 
able quarters, where ventilation is ample, 
but where direct winds cannot strike the 
porches. Pullets that have lived entirely 
out of doors all Summer are likely to 
acquire “sniffles” when put into their 
Winter quarters, and such quarters 
should be made clean and comfortable 
before the young stock is put into them. 
Moldy and musty litter should be avoided, 
as well as dampness and direct drafts. 
Treatment is rather one of prevention 
than of attempting to medicate the fowls. 
Many poultryman believe that permaga- 
nate of potash in the drinking water, 
enough to color it a deep wine red. is 
beneficial in cases of colds and make it 
a routine matter to give it as the exclu¬ 
sive drink of such birds. This may be 
purchased at any drug store. M. B. D. 
Depluming Mite 
the cause of this. The brooder is a home¬ 
made one, using a heating apparatus 
taken from another brooder. This brooder 
was well made from new lumber, and I 
cannot believe that it was in any way 
to blame for the loss of the chicks. Fumes 
or any smoke from the kerosense lamp 
cannot reach the compartment whieb 
holds the chicks, owing to the fact that 
the lamp is completely incased in a sheet 
metal housing, with a pipe ventilator ex¬ 
tending to the outside of the brooder. 
The lamp was working perfectly, and last 
night when I closed the door which sep¬ 
arates the two parts of the brooder the 
chicks were squatted upon the floor asleep, 
not only under the hover, but covering 
the whole floor, outside the hover as well. 
I do not believe they smothered, as the 
dead ones were the best and largest of 
the chicks, and they were not piled up, 
but strewn about here and there about 
the floor. I had been feeding a develop¬ 
ing mash three times daily, moistened 
with water, also sour milk and water in 
drinking fountains. I had been feeding 
a scratch feed purchased at the local feed 
store, consisting principally of cracked 
corn and cracked wheat, a standard chick 
feed. Yesterday morning I changed this 
feed for a coarser feed, consisting of 
cracked corn, whole wheat, buckwheat, 
kaffir corn, pinhead oats and some other 
small grain that I did not recognize. I 
feed them the usual amount of this in 
place of the fine grain. Upon examining 
the dead chicks I found that a portion 
of the abdomen around and below Jhe 
vent was a decided green in color. Post¬ 
mortem showed nothing wrong, as far as 
I knew. w. M. s. 
New York. 
This looks very much like the work of 
rats. These pests of the poultryman’s 
life will enter a brooder through a hole 
so small and inaccessible as to make it 
seem almost impossible that they could 
make it an entrance way for their ne¬ 
farious work. I had a similar experience 
a few years ago with some brooders that 
were tightly closed, except for round two- 
inch ventilator holes a foot or more from 
the ground. Not thinking that rats would 
climb up and enter these, they were not 
covered with poultry netting of small 
mesh until from six to a dozen chicks 
were found dead upon the brooder floors 
with no marks of violence that could 
readily be seen. The losses were repeat¬ 
ed. but ceased as soon as these holes were 
covered. Rats will enter a brooder and 
kill an entire brood in one night, appar¬ 
ently slaying for the pleasure of the 
slaughter after enough have been killed 
to sate the appetite for blood. Since 
starting to write this, I have visited a 
brooder house with about 400 three-weeks- 
old chicks in it and covered with tin a 
small rat hole made during the night. 
IIow many of this flock lie dead beneath 
that brooder house floor, I do not know, 
nor can I readily find out, for it is a 
small fixed_ building with double-boarded 
fio° r -. It is the last season, however, 
that it will be used by me as a brooder 
house for small chicks. m. b. d. 
Trouble with Turkeys 
Can you give me any information as to 
what i sthe matter with my turkeys? Last 
Summer I lost a two-year-old tom, and 
now I have a two-year-old hen which 
sems to be afflicted the same way. The 
male bird that died last Summer was no¬ 
ticed to be sickly along in May. and on 
examination I found that his crop was 
greatly enlarged, and appeared to be filled 
with water and nothing else. However, 
he apparently recovered, but later in the 
Summer the trouble returned and he died. 
Upon examination I found his crop filled 
with water and greatly enlarged, con¬ 
taining, I should judge, about two quarts 
or more. Now I have a female bird 
which seems to be developing the same 
disease, and would like to know what can 
bo done for her. Turkeys have the run 
of the farm and eat with the chickens as 
well as what they pick up in the feeding 
yards with young cattle. I feed chickens 
the regular dry mash of bran, ship, 
cracked corn, and beef scrap. For grain 
I feed a mixture of corn, oats, wheat, 
and part of the time rye. I raise a great 
deal of rye. and turkeys range over the 
fields in Summer. Is it possible that 
the rye is the cause of my trouble? We 
were afflicted with the black rust last 
year and have thought perhaps that might 
be the cause. c. n. 
. What remedy will control the deplum¬ 
ing mite? F. s. 
Connecticut. 
Rub some sulphur ointment well into 
the skin over the affected parts and re¬ 
peat if necessary. The ointment may be 
made by incorporating one dram of flow¬ 
ers of sulphur with an ounce of lard or 
vaseline. If the druggist won't do it, 
rub them up together on a pane of window 
glass, using a flexible bladed caseknife 
in place of the professional’s spatula. 
M. B. D. 
Death of Chicks 
This morning when I opened n 
brooder, in which I was keeping 81 fiv 
weeks-old R. I. Rod and Barred Ro< 
chicks, I found 8.3 of the largest of the 
nead, and can find no explanation as 
Enlargement of the crop in fowls may 
be due to a catarrhal inflammation of 
that organ resulting from improper foods 
or eating excessive quantities of food af¬ 
ter prolonged abstinence, or it may result 
from obstruction of that organ from par¬ 
alysis or from the presence of dried 
grass, feathers or other indigestible sub¬ 
stances. When this obstruction and en¬ 
largement are due to disease I know of 
no remedy ; if they are mechanical, how¬ 
ever, they may be relieved by careful mani¬ 
pulation of the crop while the bird is 
held head downward, or by an incision 
through the skin and membrane, this in¬ 
cision being sewn up again after the 
foreign bodies have been removed. Not 
knowing the cause of the trouble in these 
turkeys, I cannot tell how to remove it, 
but I would suggest confining any bird 
that shows signs of beginning trouble 
for a time and feeding upon soft, easily 
digested food until the crop seems to have 
regained its tone. Ergot of rye is a 
poisonous fungus growth upon that plant 
that is sometimes responsible for disease 
in the cgttle that eat it. It may have 
been present in your fields, to the detri¬ 
ment of the turkeys that roamed over 
them. m, B. D. 
Agents 
Wanted! 
Lice on Fowls 
I am enclosing some feathers taken 
from the back parts, below the vent, on 
my hens, for you to examine. My hens 
seem in good health, look good, eat heart¬ 
ily, and lay well. They pick the en¬ 
crusted feathers until some are entirely 
bare below the tail. My chickens have 
free range. I haven't found any lice or 
mites on hens or in coop. I will clean 
and spray coop, and await a reply from 
you before doing anything for hens. 
Michigan. mbs. w. v. 
People are apt to assume that their 
fowls are free from lice or mites because 
they cannot find any upon cursory exami¬ 
nation. As a matter of fact, however, 
few fowls are entirely free from these 
parasites, and the majority of flocks are 
badly infested. The large body lice that 
live upon the bodies of the fowls do the 
least harm, though in large numbers these 
are seriously detrimental to the welfare 
of the birds. By the irritation of their 
presence, they often cause picking of the 
feathers, such as you describe, and some¬ 
times a consequent denudation of the 
parts. To rid the fowls of these body 
lice, obtain a little blue ointment at the 
drug store, dilute it with an equal quan¬ 
tity of vaseline or lard ,and smear a bit, 
about the size of a large pea, upon the 
skin beneath the vent and under each 
wing. This should rid the fowls of their 
parasites for several months. Then look 
carefully for red mites. These gather 
in clusters through the day beneath the 
ends of the perches, behind loose boards 
and in cracks about the roosting place. 
They suck the blood of the fowls at night 
and do serious harm, sometimes driving 
laying or sitting hens from their nests. 
Kill these by spraying or painting all 
places in which they hide with kerosene, 
crude oil, a strong solution of one of the 
barn disinfectants or other similar prepa¬ 
ration. Carbolineum is an excellent, 
though somewhat expensive, mite de¬ 
stroyer. Repeat this at intervals until 
you have rid the premises of these profit- 
destroyers. m.b. D. 
Buttermilk in Drinking Water 
What is your experience with semi¬ 
solid buttermilk? I have been feeding 
this to my laying hens, as well as to my 
young chicks, by putting it in their drink¬ 
ing water. I use 1 lb. of semi-solid but¬ 
termilk to 2 gals, of water, thoroughly 
stirred and mixed, but my chickens do 
not seem to care very much for it. For 
a time I was putting it in all the drink¬ 
ing water, when I discovered my laying 
hens were not drinking much water, and 
since have been keeping before them both 
clear water and water mixed with butter¬ 
milk. I find they will drink at least 
twice as much of the clear water as they 
will of the water and buttermilk mixed. 
New Jersey. m. e. j. 
My own experience with semi-solid but¬ 
termilk, corresponding with that of others 
who have used it, is that it is not partic¬ 
ularly palatable, and that hens prefer 
clear water. There is no question that 
the acid content is high; a taste will con¬ 
vince anyone of that; but this acidity 
does not appear to be detrimental to any¬ 
thing but the palatability of the stuff. 
Fowls will eat the clear condensed butter¬ 
milk, possibly a little more readily than 
they will drink the diluted product. I 
gave one hatch of 400 chicks this diluted 
buttermilk, diluted to about the consist¬ 
ency of light cream, for the first four 
weeks of their lives this season, giving 
them nothing else to drink. They did 
well upon it, displayed no indications of 
bowel trouble, and if they don’t like it 
made no complaints. My personal pref¬ 
erence would be for fresh skim-milk, if I 
could obtain it in sufficient quantities; 
but the buttermilk offers an opportunity 
to feed milk that could not otherwise be 
had at times. m. b, d. 
Coming Live Stock Sales 
The publishers of The Breeder’s 
Gazette, Chicago, want responsible 
soliciting subscription agents in all 
good farming territory in which this 
journal is not now actively represented. 
Men or women, boys or girls, who 
can furnish references covering char¬ 
acter and financial responsibility can 
make good money sellingThe Gazette 
and the standard books published by 
this company. Please write for terms, 
addressing 
HIE, DIUXDC.K 3 UAAtllt, 
Room 1122, 542 South Dearborn St., Chicago 
holsteins at auction 
Will sell 17head of young, well bred, registered Hol- 
steins, including one two-year-old bull of excellent 
breeding _Also eight head of good qnality grade 
cows, and 75 ton of Hay. Several cows due about 
time of sale. Sale will be held at 
1 P- M. September 16, 1920 
E. WALTER JONES - MONROE, N Y 
Wanted — SVW F^M FN direct to farmers, 
JHLCZmcn whole or spare time, an ar- 
ticle with steady repeating orders. Write for informa¬ 
tion. I HE RELIABLE COMl’ANI, UepL D, Poaghkeepile, N.Y. 
Wanted—Snlipitnr for newspaper work m 
toFBi.su J,;,",. country towns. Apply with letter 
to FR auk McOUFF, CircBliluo Mimgtr Albany Times- Uniai. Albany. N.Y 
Subscribers’Exchange 
Rate of advertising -in this department 5c per 
word each insertion, payable in advance. 
Copy mast reach us Thursday morning to 
appear in issue of following week. 
^?Jt Partl ? ent is f ? r the accommodation of 
verUsimf of n ° <hs P l f iy advertising or ad¬ 
vertising of a commercial nature is admitted 
Other Advertisements of Subscriber 
Exchange will be found on page 146 . 
Farm Help Wanted 
T^fl e *“ en / nd women as attendan 
cr L n State Institution for Feeble-minded; salai 
*•50 per month and maintenance for both mi 
‘\nnU WOn T;- "' ith °PPO«unity for advancemen 
Appiy, stating- age, to SUPERINTENDED 
Letchworth Village, Thiells, Rockland Co., N. 1 
WANTED—Married farmer to work small fa 
near Frederick, Md.; attractive home, frt 
flowers and vegetables. Write particulars, 
M. E.. 10-0 litli St., N. W., Washington, D. 
WANTED—Married man to make butter ar 
look after milking machines; wife to boai 
three men: house near dairy; usual perquisite: 
i wante <l and experience; opening Oc 
l8 S landfN H ! RS ISLAND FARMS,’Ih P c„ F 1she C 
WANTED—Man to work in bottling room and 
_ *}OIp around creamery. Address WOOD 
BROOK FARMS, Metuchen, N. J. 
WANTED—At once, a practical farmer, marrU 
to work a 100-acre farm and 20 pure bre 
Holsteins; must be reliable and able to ham 
same, with good habits; state wages expect! 
Apply to CRYSTAL SPRING STOCK FAR 
Littlestown, Pa. 
W HP»T A oJ ive - vom ,‘- lnan of good habits 
. fro “. 1 * t° years, for general farming, tlia 
is willing to hustle, that is interested in pure 
bred Holstein-Friesian cows; will pav goo 
wages. ADVERTISER 7377, care Rura'l New 
lorker. 
W ANTED—Experienced herdsman for herd 
registered Guernseys; thorough knowledge 
A. It. work and mechanical milkers necessar 
barns new, with modern equipment; cotta: 
new with all improvements; a good place for 
good man, but a rover not considered. ADVE 
TISER 7383, care Rural New-Yorker. 
HOUSEKEEPER wanted on small farm in Xe 
York State: state age, nationality and wagi 
wanted. ADVERTISER 7342, care Rural Nev 
Yorker. 
Sept. 6—Registered Holsteins. A. R. 
O. dispersal sale. F. C. Brinton, Jr., 
West Chester, Pa. 
Sept. 24—Purebred rams. Second an¬ 
nual sale. New England Sheep Breeders’ 
Association, Eastern States Exposition, 
Springfield, Mass. Sale committee; II. 
E. Haslett, chairman, Amherst, Mass.; 
II. L. Garrigus, Storrs, Conn.; A. G. 
Skinner, Storrs, Conn. 
Sept 28—Eastern sale of Aberdeen- 
Angus cattle. Eastern States Exposition, 
Springfield, Mass. K. J. Seulke, secre¬ 
tary, Ithaca, N. Y. 
Oct. 18-14—Holsteins. National Dairy¬ 
men’s sale in connection with the Na¬ 
tional Dairy Show, Chicago, Ill. E. M. 
Hastings Co., managers. 
Oct. It*—Holsteins; 125 head registered! 
John C. Reagan, Snot Farm. Tully, N. Y. 
Oct. 28-80 — Holsteins. Green County 
Holstein - Friesian Breeders’ Club sale. 
Monroe, Wis. L. I. Hare, Monroe, Wis., 
secretary. 
Nov. 28 - 24 — Holsteins. Watertown 
Holstein Sales Company, semi-annual 
consignment sale at Watertown, Wis. 
Francis Darcey, manager. 
WANTED—Married man to work on dairy farm; 
30 cows; board one man; milking machine 
used; up-to-date place: $80.00 per month, house, 
£ t , e ;L,£ hal l ce for advancement. MER- 
RIAM I ARMS, Newton, N. J. 
WANTED— Assistant milk peddler and truck 
driver for retail route; young man of 25 
years or under, of good babits. with some farm 
experience preferred; references required: wages 
according to qualifications. $50 to $00 a month, 
with board and lodging: good chance of promo¬ 
tion- Apply to BROAD BROOK FARM, Bedford 
Hills, N. Y. 
PRATT ESTATE, Glen Cove. Long Island—The 
position of superintendent of the above estate 
is open. Apply in person or by letter, stating 
qualifications, to CHARLES M. BURT1S 255 
Ryerson Street, Brooklyn, N. Y. 
WANTED—Man for general farming, in Albany 
County; state age and salary expected, includ¬ 
ing hoard. ADVERTISER 7424, care Rural New- 
Yorker. 
It ANTED—Foi 50 miles out of New York City; 
tw’o women or man and wife; one to cook and 
make butter for small dairy; other for general 
housework and laundry. Address BOX 194, 
Monroe, Orange Co., New York. 
WANTED—One married ami one single man for 
dairy work: state age. experience and wages 
expected. MAGNOLIA FARM, Muscogee, Fla! 
