1582 
The RURAL NEW-YORKER 
The Rural New-Yorker 
THE BUSINESS FARMER'S PATER 
A National Weekly Journal for Country and Suburban Homes 
Established !S50 
Published weekly by tlie Rural Publishing Company. 333 Vest 80th Street. New York 
Herbert W. Collingwood, President anti Editor. 
John J. Dillon, Treasurer and General Manager. 
Wm. F. Dillon, Secretary. Mrs. E. T. Eotlk. Associate Editor. 
SUBSCRIPTION • ONE DOLLAR A YEAR • 
To foreign countries in the Universal Postal Union, $2.01. equal to 8s. 6d. t or 
8L. marks, or 10 1 * * francs. Remit in money order, express 
order, personal check or bank draft. 
Entered at New York Post Office as Second Class Matter. 
Advertising rates 23 eents per agate line—7 words. References required for 
advertisers unknown to us ; and cash must accompany transient orders. 
“A SQUARE DEAL'’ 
We believe that every advertisement in this paper is backed by a respon¬ 
sible person. We use every possible precaution and admit the advertising of 
reliable houses only. But to make doubly sure, we will make good any loss 
to jwiid subscribers sustained by trusting any deliberate swindler, irrespon¬ 
sible advertisers or misleading advertisements in our columns, and any 
such swindler will be publicly exposed. We are also often called upon 
to adjust differences or mistakes between our subscribers and honest, 
responsible bouses, whether advertisers or not. We willingly use our good 
offices to this end, but such cases should not be confused with dishonest 
transactions. We protect subscribers against rogues, but we will not be 
responsible for the debts of honest, bankrupts sanctioned by the courts. 
Notice of the complaint must be sent to us within one month of the time of 
the transaction, and to identify it, you should mention The Rural New- 
Yorker when writing the advertiser. 
I asked the postmaster this morning who took The 
Rural New-Yorker, and he answered me: “I guess 
that, nearly everyone iu the place takes it but mo.” I 
said, “Then I am going to send it. to you.” c. n. n. 
Long Island. 
W ELL, the postmaster cannot be criticized for 
such a contribution to The R. N.-Y. cam¬ 
paign. As for our friends and helpers, “their name 
is legion.” 
* 
When “labor” can largely control the price of its 
product (labor) and say what it shall receive, regardless 
of any dire results which may follow, the farmer cer¬ 
tainly should have something to sav about what price 
he should get for his labor, because if anyone gets a 
small return for the number of hours he puts iu it cer¬ 
tainly is the farmer. n. 
O class of workmen on earth put in longer hours 
throughout the year than the farmers. No class 
does more vitally necessary work. No class receives 
a smaller actual cash return for an hour's hard labor 
than the ordinary farmer. And the world is fed and 
clothed by this same ordinary farmer—not the scien¬ 
tific or factory farmer—but the plain men who do 
their own work. These men have a right to demand 
a fair labor return. They see the government paying 
twice as much as they receive for inferior and less 
necessary labor, and they see city laboring men en¬ 
forcing their demands through organization. Who 
can wonder that, farmers have at last, determined to 
get together and enforce their right, to a fair return? 
Who can blame them for doing it? 
* 
W E continue to receive reports from farmers 
who say that some dairymen are using oleo 
and other butter substitutes, while selling their own 
dairy products. It is hard for us to believe that any 
such selfish and short-sighted policy is general among 
farmers. It. is rank disloyalty to his business and 
his neighbor’s for a man to patronize a fraud and 
counterfeit which is undermining bis own business. 
Yet the Chenango County Farm Bureau Xews says: 
There has been a good deal said by farmer leaders 
about the “oleo” booths on the State Fair Grounds. 
Last year I was in attendance at the fair for the entire 
week, and it was a matter of much amusement to me to 
see farmers and their wives step up to these “oleo” 
booths, eat down crackers smeared with grease, lap their 
chops and walk away with a souvenir handbag or some¬ 
thing of the sort. I also went all around the grounds 
looking for a farmers’ or a League booth where butter 
■was given out. but I could not find one anywhere. Many 
farmers have forgotten how butter tastes. 
We cannot sec any cause for amusement in that 
incident. It is more an occasion for sadness. Two 
years ago we saw much the same thing. Several of 
us stood out and protested against serving oleo at a 
farmers’ exhibition. As a result all the farmers 
near by joined in and several of them stood by all 
the afternoon and talked against “oleo.” That is 
the way we must do it ourselves. Get right out and 
figlit evil and fraud openly. 
* 
W E understand that the Standard Oil Company 
derives most of its profits from what are 
known as by-products. These side lines were not 
considered originally. One by one they have been 
developed- from what was formerly thrown away. 
Many years ago the seed and hulls of cotton were 
burned or dumped into the liver to get rid of them. 
Now oil, feed and other materials are taken from 
these wastes, so that they are worth more than the 
lint. Probably the by-products of the packing and 
slaughter houses pay greater profit than the meat 
food. The same is true of most of our great indus¬ 
tries. In the end it must also be worked out with 
our fruit industry. The by-products of the apple 
will some day rank with those of oil or cotton in 
profit. There is no sound reason why pasteurized 
apple juice should not take the place of the multitude 
of “soft drinks” now poured down the American 
throat. The people would be better for this substi¬ 
tution of an invigorating juice for the combination 
of water and gas now consumed. The nation would 
be better off if the immense tribute paid for "soft 
drinks” was distributed among fruit growers rather 
than a few manufacturers. The pomace left, after 
pressing out the juice will in the future be used for 
jelly making and then dried for cattle feed, while the 
seeds have value for making perfumes. Following 
the development of other lines of industry, all these 
things must be worked out in the future until the 
waste gives as large a return as the salable fruit. 
That will have to be done in order to handle the 
immense crops due when the younger orchards come 
into bearing. 
* 
AST week we printed a statement about the 
legality of working school children under 1(1 
years in New York State. Now we are asked about 
the law in New Jersey. The following answers the 
question. It is important in these days when farm 
labor is so unreliable and so necessary: 
Section 227 of the 101S edition of the New Jersey 
School Law provides that children between the ages of 
10 and 16 who desire to work in order to support them¬ 
selves or families may have issued to them age and 
working certificates, which entitle them to work at hours 
when the public schools are not in session, but not before 
6 a. m. nor after 7 p. m. The employment, however, the 
law specifies, is to be light employment, such as running 
errands, selling papers and blacking shoes, etc. There is 
a penalty provided in the law of $50 fine or imprison¬ 
ment for one year, or both, for violators of the above 
provisions, but there is a proviso “that nothing con¬ 
tained in this section shall apply to any child employed 
iu agricultural pursuits.” 
The law has accordingly been construed to mean that 
children may engage in agricultural pursuits outside of 
school hours without applying to them the above provis¬ 
ions of law, which require age and working certificates 
to lie issued for the employments enumerated in the law. 
JOHN KNRIGHT. 
Assistant Commissioner of Education. 
* 
T HERE is at least one question over which the 
two political parties In New York divide clearly. 
That is daylight saving. Judge Miller comes out 
against the present law. He apparently favors the 
bill which Gov. Smith vetoed. That bill repealed 
the present law, but gave New York City the right to 
adopt daylight saving if the city people desired it. 
Gov. Smith vetoed that bill on the theory that it was 
a compromise, and that the State should not have 
any divided time. He claimed that a majority of the 
people wanted daylight saving—therefore the law 
should enforce if. The Governor was misinformed 
on the subject. Ninety per cent of the farmers op¬ 
posed daylight saving because they can clearly show 
that it is a positive injury to their business. The 
daylight savers are almost entirely located in the 
cities. They are unable to show that the change of 
time adds in any way to productive energy or indus¬ 
trial profit. They demand it because it gives a 
longer time for rest or play. There may be a few ex¬ 
ceptions to this, but to the great majority daylight 
saving means extra pleasure to city workers and 
extra worry to country people. The position taken 
by most daylight sa vers is thoroughly selfish. They 
are willing to enforce undoubted hardships and 
trouble upon farmers in order that they may have 
more play time. It thus comes to be a contest be¬ 
tween the country and the city, although thousands 
of city workmen are opposed to daylight saving. 
With most, farmers it is regarded as the most impor¬ 
tant local issue in the campaign. 
This storm and its results have placed some **f us 
(who have no outside income) where it is doubtful if we 
can get on our feet again without some outside help. It 
is not altogether the loss of buildings, hut the loss and 
damage to crops, machinery, stock aud so on, that make 
the Winter just- coming on a hard one to face. Also we 
got notice our milk plant would stop buying milk en¬ 
tirely October I, so that leaves us without a market for 
our only cash crop. 
HAT comes from one of the farmers whose barns 
were destroyed by that cyclone iu Allegheny 
Co., N. Y. We have printed pictures of the ruin left 
in the wake of this storm, and there are others to 
follow. No harder farm outlook can be imagined 
than that which confronts these farmers at the com¬ 
ing of Winter. They are mostly men of middle age. 
independent and self-respecting Americans, who sud¬ 
denly and without warning find the business of a 
lifetime destroyed through no fault of their own. 
Such men never would ask for help, but in the case 
of a calamity like this they deserve it, and the help¬ 
ing by other farmers will be the finest test of 
brotherhood and true co-operation among farmers. 
The Farm Bureaus and the Dairymen’s League are 
at work collecting a fund to help put these men on 
their feet. We have already been able to help in 
selling some of those surplus cows, but money is 
needed to finance these farmers and give them a 
chance. Some of our readers have already contrib¬ 
uted and others will want to do so. You may send 
such contributions to us and we will see that they 
October 9, 1920 
nre forwarded. Here is a real chance for an invest¬ 
ment in Christian charity. 
HERE has been a great demand for ground lime¬ 
stone this season. The manufacturers have 
been unable to supply all that was needed before Fall 
seeding. The freight situation is so bad that thou¬ 
sands of tons of limestone will not Ik* delivered until 
long after the grain and grass seed are in the ground. 
Even with this situation farmers need not hesitate to 
use the lime this Fall. Our advice is to scatter the 
limestone right over the seeding. Right, on top of the 
ground? Yes. We would not advise such practice 
generally for burned lime, but experiments certainly 
show that ground limestone may be used right on top 
of the ground with profit. Some farmers go so far as 
to claim that it is always more profitable to spread 
the limestone on top of the soil and leave it. there. 
We think the best practice is to work the lime into 
the upper soil after plowing, but there is no doubt 
that limestone, when spread right on the surface, 
does give results. We would, therefore, not hesitate 
to use the limestone at any time before bard freezing. 
Get all you can of it and spread it on the young grain 
and grass. In most rotations that is where it be¬ 
longs. If you could not get. a supply in time to work 
in with the seeding, put it on at any time this Fall. 
H AVE you noticed the great work done by the 
Rhode Island Reds at the egg-laying contests? 
At both Storrs and Vineland the Beds lead by good 
margins, and are not likely to be headed. In the 
earlier years of these contests -the Leghorns bad a 
“walk-over.” Then came the spurt, of the Wyan- 
dottes, but the Leghorns retained the title of “egg- 
laying machines.” And now the Reds have plainly 
shown that they are in the egg business, too. Their 
eggs may cost more to produce, and they may have a 
brown tint, they may not be as profitable—but for 
two years now the bead of the egg procession has 
carried a red banner. 
W E have had all sorts of propositions put up 
to us. but usually our readers are able to 
help us out. Here is something new. A labor outfit 
consisting of a skilled farmer and his family and a 
group of farmerettes have carried on a successful 
campaign iu New England. They have produced 
a great crop of bigli-dass beans and potatoes, picked 
and packed a big apple crop and bustled generally. 
Now this efficient outfit would like to keep together 
and go south for Winter work. They can travel in 
their own trucks, board themselves and be of almost 
as little trouble as a flock of migratory birds. They 
are trained to efficient work, know just what to 
do and want to keep together for the Winter season. 
They could handle a Southern fruit farm or garden 
in the most approved shape. Now who. in this time 
of labor shortage, wants sueli an outfit for Winter's 
work? The scheme of organizing such efficient 
units and working them at both ends of the country 
looks right and ought to be encouraged. 
:Jc 
FFICIAL returns from the recent New York 
primary election have now been given out. 
For Governor, Judge Miller received 270,963 votes 
and Senator Thompson 143,040. There were also 
about 25,000 votes for Senator Thompson as the 
Prohibition candidate. Therefore our estimate of 
160,000 votes for Thompson was about 10,000 short 
of the actual returns. In the vote for Senator, Mrs. 
Ella C. Boole polled 90,491 votes, with some 25,000 
additional on the Prohibition ticket, Mr. Payne 
46.039 votes, and Senator Wadsworth 270,084. In 
tin* Democratic primary Mr. Walker was easily nomi¬ 
nated as the candidate for Senator. Senator Thomp¬ 
son will run for Governor on the Prohibition ticket, 
while Mrs. Boole will make the race for Senator. 
It is not known yet how much of a figure these 
candidates will cut. Their vote in the primary was 
a surprise to iho politicians. Party lines are loosely 
drawn and, in the case of Senator Wadsworth at 
least, there will be strong opposition from the “dry 
vote. In ease of a “landslide” be will be swept 
through. With a close vote his chances would be 
classed as doubtful. 
Brevities 
\\ B )i)uh. if pos.s ible. to select the ears of corn which 
mature earliest, for seed. Of course they must be good 
specimens of the variety. 
The Ohio Experiment Station says that where pota¬ 
toes are thoroughly dried in the sun after digging the 
danger from rot or blight in storage is reduced. 
vVe have dozens of questions about using old barrels 
for storing eider. Among them are whisky, petroleum. 
wood alcohol, linseed or tar barrels! We do not advise 
their use. It will be almost impossible to clean them 
fully. The best way is to swab them out with boiling 
water and lye and then run a jet of live steam into them 
for at least half an hour. 
