Th* RURAL NEW-YORKER 
1645 
Care of the Lawn 
We have a large, level lawn, which has 
ninny hig trees on it, mostly maple. Soon 
(here will be a thick covering of leaves 
on it. Would there be any benefit in al¬ 
lowing these leaves to remain until 
Spring, or do you advise raking them ofT 
this Fall? These leaves are usually used 
for manure, but last Winter were left on 
the lawn, and in the Spring we found 
it a big task to remove them. Also, the 
leaves matted down in places and smoth¬ 
ered <mt the grass. These places were 
reseeded and the lawn looked well all 
Summer, which, I believe, was due tv 
w et Summer. Do you believe any food 
value is derived from leaves in such a 
short time? A year ago last Spring we 
put a good coat of lime on the lawn, and 
u few years previous sheep manure was 
spread over it. We have on hand a con¬ 
crete tank with liquid manure from barn 
raid, also some hen manure ami cow 
manure. The soil is a gravelly loam. 
Are wood ashes preferable to the things 
i have mentioned, and if so. how and 
when applied? One spot on this lawn is 
shady, and we seed it early each Spring 
with" A kike clover and Timothy, but it 
does not stand through the Summer. Is 
tlnre any better seed for this place? 
Columbia Co., N. Y. H. J. A. 
Allowing the leaves to remain on the 
lawn during the Winter cannot be of any 
possible benefit to the grass, but can be a 
very decided injury to spots where leaves 
are blown in heaps by the winds. Forest 
leaves decay slowly, and they are of no 
benefit as a fertilizer until they do decay. 
Allowing them to remain where they 
gather, they would simply act as a mulch. 
The grasses are hardy and do not need 
protection during the Winter, and in the 
spots where the leaves lie thickly mucl 
of the grass is smothered out. I know 
this to be true by many years’ experience 
in the care of lawns, where many de¬ 
ciduous trees grow. 
Then, again, they are much more easil.v 
removed from the lawn in the Fall than 
in the Spring. All will not he blown in 
heaps along the hedgerows, shrub bor¬ 
ders and other places of lodgment, but 
many will become anchored in the grass in 
nil parts of the lawn. Where the layer? 
are thin enough to allow a free air cir¬ 
culation. the grass will keep green longer, 
and quite early in the Spring grow up 
among the leaves, making the job of rak¬ 
ing them out a difficult and very tedious 
one. They can be removed with half 
the labor in the Fall. 
Cow and hen manure are both good 
grass fertilizers. Before applying it will 
be well to mix at the rate of three-fifths 
cow manure and two-fiftlis hen manure, 
and apply it to the lawn at the rate of 
one ton to the acre. I prefer applying 
manure to lawns just before Winter setj 
in. The rains and snows of Winter will 
carrying the leachings to the roots of the 
grass, and it will lie in splendid condition 
for an early start and vigorous growth in 
Spring. The immures will also be pretty 
well pulverized by the coming of Spring, 
and very little, except straw, etc., that 
may lie in it will In* raked off at cleaning 
pa time. The finer parties of manure 
will settle down amongst the grasses and 
mulch and nourish the grass until the 
last particle has decayed and been nb- 
so-bed as nourishment by the grasses. 
The liquid manure would better he ap¬ 
plied early in the Spring. If from cattle, 
it can be used in any quantity without 
injury, but if from horse or poultry ma¬ 
nure. care must be observed in its use 
or damage by burning may result. 
Alsike clover and Timothy are not con¬ 
sidered good lawn grasses, and are seldom 
used to any extent for lawn purposes. It 
is better to use the lawn grass mixtures 
put up and sold by all the large seed 
houses. These mixtures are made up of 
several different kindis of grasses, and are 
compounded especially for lawn-making, 
and one can get the mixtures suitable for 
all kinds of soils and locations. Instead 1 
of sowing clover and Timothy under the! 
trees, procure from some reputable seed 
house a mixture of grasses especially suit¬ 
able for slmdy spots. You will find it 
Much more satisfactory. Most of the 
seedsmen call it “shady nook” lawn grass 
mixture. k. 
Mending a Leaky Cistern 
ITnw can I stop a leak in a coneret 
cistern? Water is used for householi 
purposes. T. N. 
New Britain, Conn. 
Leaks in concrete cisterns occur froti 
various causes, and cannot all bo treatei 
alike. The concrete may ho porous frou 
defective material or proportioning; fin 
cracks that can he filled by a fluid mix 
lure of cement and water may be presen 
or larger cracks that require pluggin 
may be found. Porous concrete is mad 
watertight by applying a wash of noa 
cement, or cement and water mixed to 
tliud consistency, and working it in wit 
a wooden float. A solution of wnterglas 
,n water is also used for the same pm 
P os, ‘- this penetrating the pores of th 
concrete and hardening. Larger crack 
cannot lie filled with such mixture 
that 
^ "mid he chiseled out. leaving wedgi 
shaped openings, with the large end i 
he wedge outward. This opening slioul 
thoroughly cleaned with water, an 
whde still wet should he filled with a 1 : 
'I'meiit mortar mixed to about the rot 
. stoiicy of brown sugar. The morta 
nsistine of one part cement to two pari 
m .u p, clean sand, should he tamped int 
Place until moisture appears upon Hi 
ni.i, U f £raeks will, of course, rent 
J.;;. 1 ' ,f the cistern is not structural 1 
strong enough to prevent their formatioi 
m. n. n. 
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