1824 
The RURAL NEW-YORKER 
December 4, 1920 
From the four 
Quarters of the earth 
r come the ingredients that go into E. Frank Coe’s 
Fertilizers. They include nitrate of soda from 
Chili, potash from Europe, blood tankage from 
the South American slaughter houses, fish guano 
from the seven seas, phosphates from our own 
Florida mines. The very best! 
And sixty long years of experience in 
manufacturing and crop culture have 
taught us how to assemble them in cor¬ 
rectly balanced mixtures of available 
plant foods. 
E. Frank Coe’s Fertilizers are right. 
Formulated right, mixed right, cured 
right. They get right down to business 
when the seed is planted and stick to the 
job ’til the crop is matured—furnishing 
plant food all through the growing season. 
Write for prices and 
nearest agent’s name. 
THE COE-MORTIMER CO., Inc. 
Suhidiarp of The American Agricultural Chemical Co. 
51 Chambers St. New York City 
Plan NOW for 
next season 
Study the situation—whal 
are likely to be next year's 
best money crops. Give more 
thought to increasing yields 
by the use of special fer¬ 
tilizers. Wo can help you. 
Write; tell us your crop 
plans, kinds of soil you 
have, and number of aces 
you expect to plant. Also 
ask for our special book on 
Better Vegetable 
Growing 
It’s free—and "worth its 
weight in greenbacks". Ad¬ 
dress our Crop Book De¬ 
partment. 
E.FRANK COE’S 
Req.U.S. Pat.Off. 
. Fertilizers 
C A greater yield from every field " 
DECIDIOUS AND CITRUS FRUIT, 
ORNAMENTAL AND EVERGREEN 
TREES, SHRUBS, VINES, ETC., WITH 
Sulphur-fish oil-carbolic-compound 
—- VOLCANO BRAND 
A COMBINED CONTACT INSECTICIDE AND FUNGICIDE 
OF KNOWN RELIABILITY 
For the control of SCALE INSECTS, eggs and young of APHIS, PEAR 
PSYLLA, PEAR, CELERY and ONION THRIPS, WHITE FLY, red spider, red 
bug, leaf blister mite, leaf roller, poultry and cattle lice, sheep tick, ETC. 
And for the prevention and control of parasitic fungi, including apple and 
pear scab, canker, peach leaf curl, Ripe Rot of stone fruits, mildew, etc. 
SULCO-V. B. costs no more and is pleasanter to use than LIME-SULPHUR, 
and the execution is far better—therefore much better results, and no NICOTINE 
SULPHATE is required. 
SULCO-V. B. is The Master Spray of the 20th Century. 
“The Spray Material You will Eventually Use.” Better Investigate. 
WE MANUFACTURE STANDARD FISH OIL SOAP IN LARGE QUANTITIES. 
Order Early—Remember the Car Tie-up last Spring. 
Booklet Free—Jlddress Sulco Dept., R 
BOSTON OFFICE 
141 M ILK ST. 
G00K & SWAN GO., INC. 
SULCO-V. B. 
ISTRIBUTING CO. 
BOX 554 
Waynesboro, Virginia 
148 Front St. 
New York, N.Y., U.S.A 
PACIFIC COAST SALES CO. 
693 Mission St. 
* San Francisco, Cal. 
L 
When you write advertisers mention The R. N.-Y. and you’ll get a 
quick reply and a “square deal.” See guarantee editorial page. 
Farm Water Problems 
Improving a Well 
Given a soil in Seneca County, N. Y., 
composed of silty clay loam, and a dug 
well drying up in the Fall at a depth of 
25 ft., what is the chance of sidestepping 
a drilled well of probably 100 ft..? Cost 
of drilled well—no guarantee as to loca¬ 
tion of water—.$8 per foot, including cas¬ 
ing. Well had water in it in the Spring. 
Barn is 80x00, and no rain water is uL»- 
ized. Would glitters aid in providug 
water for six head of stock? Could the 
well be explored at the bottom with a 
ong-handled auger for another 15 ft. and 
a stick of giant set off at the bottom of 
the auger hole? Government bulletin 
says area of barn multiplied by inches of 
rainfall divided by 1.(5 equals probably 
gallons of run-off. Suggestions asked as 
to probable chance to utilize present well 
as far as it goes. Since house and barn 
are 200 ft. apart, a new well at each 
means carrying of water either way. 
Mow would driving a well be likely to 
work out if commenced at the bottom of 
present well ? j. p. 
Barnum, Minn. 
Your best means of determining the 
type of well best suited to your locality 
is either to examine wells on surrounding 
farms, noting depth, type (dug, driven, 
drilled, etc.), surrounding topography, 
soil strata penetrated, depth at which 
water was secured, quantity of water 
furnished, etc. If this is not possible, 
get as near the same information as pos¬ 
sible by means of Questionnaire. The 
opinions of local well diggers should also 
be of value in determining just what 
should be done. There seems no reason 
why a drilled well sunk in the bottom of 
the present well would not be satisfac¬ 
tory, although, of course, I cannot say 
to what depth you would have to go to 
get permanent water; neither can I tell 
you what the quality of the water would 
be after obtaining it. A study of the 
wells and soil strata in the vicinity would 
he of more help to you. 
As to the quantity of run-off from the 
barn, the area of the bam multiplied by 
the depth of the yearly rainfall in feet wiil 
give you the quantity of water that might 
be obtained by collecting the roof water 
in cubic feet. If this quantity is multi- 
pliel by 7.5 it will give you the same quan¬ 
tity expressed in gallons. The rule given 
by the Government bulletin referred to 
will doubtless give the same result. This 
quantity of water would supply your six 
cows, if it could all be collected and re¬ 
tained. The trouble is, however, that im¬ 
mense storage space would have to be pro¬ 
vided to retain the water during heavy 
rainfalls and to tide over rainless periods, 
so that in the end a satisfactory installa¬ 
tion would no drubt cost, as much or more 
than a good well. 
The 200 ft. separating the hou.se and 
barn does not necessarily mean two wells. 
It would be by far better to install a 
pump and water system, making the one 
well serve both. The running water in 
the house is also a great convenience, and 
a convenience that is being added to more 
and more farmhouses. r. n. s. 
Waterproofing a Cistern 
Seven years ago, when I came on this 
farm, I found in the cellar 12 or more 
inches of water. As there is alongside 
a cemented cistern, I thought that the 
water came from the cistern. I emptied 
the cistern and drained the water off. 
I had never water in the cellar since; 
but I would like to use the cistern again. 
What can I do to make it waterproof? 
There are no cracks or other had spots; 
the cistern is almost new. v. s. 
Bloombury, N. J. 
The concrete cistern in .question is 
probably porous, due to the use of too 
lean a mixture when making. The ma¬ 
terial from which it is built is not dense 
enough to preventing the soaking of water 
through it. Dense, tight concrete, se¬ 
cured by using good and properly graded 
aggregate with a liberal quantity of ce¬ 
ment, is coming to be recognized as one 
of the best ways of securing watertight- 
ness. However, when a construction is 
already in, as is the ease with this cis¬ 
tern, a surface waterproofing material 
must he used. 
A number of homemade preparations 
are in use. Cleaning thoroughly and 
rubbing in a brush coat of hot melted par- 
aflin is one method. If the walls can he 
kept heated with a blow torch during the 
process, the penetration will be greater 
and best results secured. 
A treatment known as Sylvester’s wash 
is prepared by making up two separate 
solutions, one of alum and water in the 
proportions of S oz. of alum to the gallon 
of water, and the second of hard soap and 
water in the proportion of 1% pounds of 
hard soap to the gallon of water. The 
soap solution is brought to the boiling 
point and kept boiling hot while the ap¬ 
plication is being made by means of a 
whitewash brush, rubbing it well into the 
walls, taking care, however, not to pro¬ 
duce a froth. This is left until the sur¬ 
face has become entirely dry, about 24 
hours, when a coat of the alum solution 
is applied iu the same way, using this 
solution at about 70 degrees. This is 
then followed with a second application 
of soap and alum in alternation as they 
become dry. The walls to which this 
treatment is applied should be clean and 
dry, and the temperature while using it 
should not be over 50 degrees. 
A paint made up from linseed oil in 
which cement, has been mixed to the con¬ 
sistency of cream is also sometimes used 
for the purpose of making concrete water¬ 
tight, as is also a wash made up of ce- 
meut and water alone and applied with 
a brush as a paint, the purpose in every 
instance being to fill the outer pores of 
the concrete surface and prevent the ab¬ 
sorption of water. 
Power for Turbine Wheel 
We have a farm in Sullivan County, 
N. Y., through which a Rmall stream rune. 
If we had a 50-ft. head of water which 
would fill a 3-in, pipe 100 ft. long, would 
this run a turbine large enough to goner- 1 
ate electricity enough for 25 40-watt 
tungsten lamps? Would.it be possible to 
obtain a second-hand turbine, as well as 
a dynamo? G. w. c. 
Arlington, N. J. 
No_ definite reply can be made to this 
question, as the quantity of water avail¬ 
able is not stated. The velocity as well 
as the size or cross section of the stream 
must be. given in order that the quantity 
of water available for use may be deter¬ 
mined. Stating that a stream will fill a 
pipe of given diameter really tells noth¬ 
ing; the amount discharged would varv 
directly with the velocity. 
If in the query it was meant that, the 
stream would fill the 8-in. pipe at the 
ordinary rate of flow of the stream, and 
that by damming or taking the water 
from upstream a 50-ft. head could be ob¬ 
tained, very little power could be devel¬ 
oped. as under the 50-ft. head the 3-in. 
stream, due to the increased velocity, 
would be crowded into a much smaller 
opening. On the other hand, if the ques¬ 
tion means that enough water is available 
to fill a 8-in. opening when under a 50-ft. 
head, it is altogether another matter and 
might well be worth looking into. 
Cleansing Rusty Water; Increasing 
Engine Speed 
3. I have running water which comes 
about one-fourth mile, %-in. pine. It is 
full of little specks of rust. Is there any¬ 
thing one can put in the pipe to clean 
out the rust? 2. I have a five horse¬ 
power gas engine, with 10-in. pulley. It 
does not run blower quite fast enough. 
Would putting on larger pulley to produce 
more speed take down the power of en- 
. . XT _ a.j.d. 
Norwich, N. Y. 
1. If your five horsepower engine is 
loaded to full capacity, as I expect it is, 
in driving your blower, putting on a 
larger pulley would not help in obtaining 
more speed. Contrary to general opin¬ 
ions, increasing the size of a pulley does 
not lessen the power developed by the en¬ 
gine upon which it is used. The power 
of the eugine remains the same so long 
as the engine’s speed remains constant. 
A larger pulley on the engine, however, 
causes the driven machine to run faster, 
if driven pulley has remained un¬ 
changed, and as the driven machine runs 
faster more power is required to drive it. 
If the engine in question is already work¬ 
ing to capacity, it is unable to meet this 
increased demand, and it appears as 
though it« power had been diminished or 
lessened. What has really happened, 
though, is as stated—more power i<* re¬ 
quired by the machine at the higher speed. 
If the engine is not capable of furnishing 
energy at the increased rate necessary, it 
will lie overloaded and choked down. 
2. Hydrochloric acid is a solvent for 
rust, and is sometimes used in a diluted 
cqnditioii for the purpose of removing iron 
rust. Unfortunately, it is tin equally 
good solvent, for the iron itself, and will 
also attack the galvanizing if any remains 
on the pipe, so that I would not care to 
recommend it for the purpose. It is 
probable that the addition of a small 
amount of lime would precipitate this ma¬ 
terial, after which it could be removed 
from the water by filtering. R. li. s. 
The prospects for Winter dairying iu 
this loculit.v will be perhaps a little be¬ 
low last Winter, as some farmers have 
much less hay, and some few have a less 
amount of silage. Our 11. F. D. carrier 
tells me that on hie route there were 1(5 
vacant farms less than a year ago, but 
they are all occupied now hut six. Most 
of them are city men, and as a rule about 
two years sees their finish. For the 
small farmer on these hill farms the pros¬ 
pect** are not very bright for their future. 
Over the State line in Pennsylvania many 
farmers are making public sales, and 
either renting their farms or selling them. 
One thing that hit us hard is this: To 
get any help we had to pay 50c per hour, 
and now our crops are just about worth 
hauling to market. Potatoes, 80c for (50 
lbs ; buckwheat. $2.50 per cwt. Our ap¬ 
ples are a total los«, as they would not 
pay for hired help to pick. g. it. 
Erie Co., N. Y. 
