1870 
•P* RURAL. NEW-YORKER 
December 11, 102C. 
eping 
Silage 
T HE perfect silo must be absolutely air¬ 
tight, since air causes silage to mold 
and rot. The glazed tile walls and 
light-fitting cypress doors of Natco Silos seal 
the silage like fruit in glass jars. It cornea 
out sweet and succulent to the last forkful. 
Natco Silos 
are strongly reinforced with high grade steel bands, 
doubled in the bottom courses where the pressure 
is greatest. The double-shell tile also increases 
the wall strength and provides for secure mortar 
joints. The still air spaces conserve the natural 
heat of the silage — resist frost. Heavy galvan¬ 
izing protects all exposed ironwork. 
A.ik Hour building supply dealer for prices on Natco 
Silos. Write for FREE book, "Natco on the Farm. " 
National Fire Proofing Company 
1115 Fulton Building Pittsburgh, Pa. 
23 Factories assure a •wide and economical distribution 
G RADE No. 3 American 
Steel Wool can’t be beat for 
cleaning, scouring and polish¬ 
ing milking machines, milk cool¬ 
ers, milk cans, separators, cheese 
vats, dairy tubs and dairy equip¬ 
ment of all kinds. The fine flexi¬ 
ble fibres of tempered steel in 
American Steel Wool get into 
the cracks, corners and crevices 
and remove every vestige of dirt 
and foreign matter. Gives far 
better results than pastes, pow¬ 
ders and other cleaners. 
The value of American Steel 
Wool for dairy purposes is 
attested by its liberal use by 
Nestle’s, Mohawk Condensed 
Milk Co., Borden’s and Shef- 
field-Slawson-Decker Farms. 
Put up in one-pound packages and in Household sizes. 
If your dealer cannot supply you send us his name and 
15c, and you will be supplied with a Household package. 
Department R 
American Steel Wool Mfg. Co., Inc., 9-11 Dcabrosses Street, New York City 
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When you write advertisers mention The R. N.-Y. and you’ll get 
quick reply and a “square deal .'' See guarantee editorial page. 
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Live Stock and Dairy 
New York State Dairymen 
Present Conditions. — The New 
York State Dairymen’s Convention this 
year held its meeting in Watertown. 
This is in the midst of one of the most 
prosperous dairy districts in^ the State, 
as was brought out by Prof. Troy in his 
introductory remarks at the first session 
of Jho convention. Just now the dairy 
industry of the State is seriously em¬ 
barrassed because fthe dealers are in 
many cases refusing to buy milk. At the 
same time, as was also pointed out by 
the professor, milk is the cheapest food 
of its class, and is a product impera¬ 
tively needed for health and growth. Its 
health-giving qualities have only just, 
begun to be understood by the public at 
large and if fully known the demand 
might exceed the supply. There-seems 
to be little likelihood of this, as one of 
the speakers, a city man, suggested the 
adverse attitude of many cheap politi¬ 
cians and a certain class of newspapers. 
The Dealers’ Side. —The program 
committee assigned a place to Mr. 
Bradley Fuller of the Dairymen’s League 
and to Mr. Nathans of the dealers’ con¬ 
ference board. Mr. Fuller was unable 
to he present. Mr. Nathans gave his 
address, which to a dairyman, seemed 
to be decidedly partisan. There was 
no one to take up the side for the or¬ 
ganized dairymen, except as Mr. Cook 
alluded to it in bis address on the evolu¬ 
tion of dairying. It would have been 
fortunate if the State meeting had been 
able to take some action that might be 
helpful in settling the disputes which 
now prevent concerted action between 
dealers and the producers’ organization. 
No action was taken in any matter pub¬ 
licly and I am not informed that any 
plan was proposed in any conference or 
committee. The resolutions committee, 
I am told, discussed it, but were unable 
to make recommendations. 
A Lack of Sympathy. —I think it 
Is safe to say that the general feeling 
at the convention was one of at least a 
tinge of gloom over the condition of or¬ 
ganized dairymen of the State. It was 
a territory where the leadership is said 
not to be entirely friendly to the head 
office. Had it been held in some other 
territory the attitude of the meeting 
might have been different. At the same 
time it looked as though the association 
workers were sympathetic in their atti¬ 
tude toward the organization, but per¬ 
haps lacked complete perception as to 
the thing that should be done. A feeling 
of uncertainty. I would say, prevailed. 
Had the League been able to present its 
case strongly it is possible that a more 
pronounced sentiment might have pre¬ 
vailed. It is al«o to be noted that what 
we consider the common dairyman Avas 
not well represented, in numbers at. least, 
though dealers may have been. 
Industrial Statistics. —The big¬ 
ness of the dairy industry came out 
somewhat in Commissioner Hogue’s ad¬ 
dress, also the increase in the number 
of cows and the production of milk in 
1010’ over 1018. There were almost 
124.000 more cow« last year than the 
year before, and the production of milk 
Avas more than 875.000.000 lbs. more, 
According to the figures. As the cow 
population last year Avas put at. 1.146,727, 
it seems that the average herd of the 
State is a little under 15 cows, the num¬ 
ber of dairies being put down as S0.700. 
Mr. Hogue traced somewhat the course 
of events from 1SS4. Avbcn it Avas said 
on good authority that 40 per cent of 
the milk sold in New York City Avas 
added Avater, to the present when the 
records show only one-half of one per cent 
of the samples have any trace of adul¬ 
teration. At that earlier date the solids 
in milk required by law Avere ouly eight 
.per cent. 
Tuberculosis Prevention. —Several 
times the pasteurization of skim-milk 
and whey was spoken of and the ex¬ 
cuses that are offered for not doing 
it Avere mentioned. It is the law now 
at any rate, and it is necessary that it 
be done. The cost for equipment is said 
to he only about $50 and the actual work 
costs but little where there is already 
steam available. Pasteurization of these 
products is essential to prevent the dis¬ 
tribution of tuberculosis. The accredited 
herd plan had mention by Mr. McLnury 
and others several times but no pleas 
offered for commencing to clean Up the 
herd. There is already demand as much 
as can be taken care of without further 
urging. The effort now is to get area 
work, either county or areas within the 
county. To clean up just one herd in 
a locality it was explained does but little 
good. The work needs to he more sys¬ 
tematically done. The employment of a 
county^ veterinarian is regarded with fa¬ 
vor. By the iuterdermal method the 
work can he more rapidly performed and 
this method is now regarded us satis¬ 
factory as any. This gives rise to local 
irritation in case of reaction rather than 
a fevered condition of the animal. 
Butter and Cheese. —Quality of 
butter and cheese were subjects of dis¬ 
cussion by several speakers, notably P. II. 
Ki offer of New York, Mr. Reese of Low- 
yille and H. .T. Richardson of the same 
place. This being a cheese section cheese 
got a big share of attention, but fortu¬ 
nately butter had a share. Both of these 
products need improvement, as Ave find 
from the samples Ave get at the stores. 
Probably not nearly so many substitutes 
would be used if we could depend on 
high class and uniform goods. 
Oleo. —Mr. Flanders offered consider¬ 
able history of the efforts to get con¬ 
trol of adulterations and substitutes of 
dairy products and led up to the Cal dev 
bill recently introduced in the U. S. Sen¬ 
ate relating to package goods. It seems 
to he the purpose of this hill to permit 
the interstate shipment of oleo and other 
package of goods and to deprive States 
of the privilege of controlling their sale 
Avlien once brought iuto the State. 
Marketing Milk. — The question 
as to whether Ave can supplaut the pres¬ 
ent method of handling and marketing 
milk was raised by II. E. Cook. He de¬ 
fended the League as a selling agency, 
but there is opportunity for deep thinking 
about getting in deeper. Except for the 
surplus there would be no need of taking 
over the business to sustain a uniform 
price. Pooling is not difficult nor new. 
We have been pooling for years in cheese 
factories. Not all the cheese sells for 
the same, but patrons get the same divi¬ 
dends. To pool all the milk is only a 
larger affair; it is not different. To com¬ 
pare milk pooling Avitli that of fruit in 
California is unwise. Fruit is delivered 
to the agency in almost a finished con¬ 
dition, and it is far less perishable than 
milk. The pooling contract, however, 
has got to have teeth. That is to hold 
the other felloAV. Foreign markets and 
conditions must be reckoned Avith. For¬ 
eign people know one thing better than 
avo do. It is economy. They may know 
less of automobiles. Mr. Thompson of 
the Borden company, spoke of the ex¬ 
cellent quality of milk furnished in NeAV 
York City. Twenty years ago it Avas 
like other cities, but now New York has 
the host milk known. Typhoid is prac 
tically eliminated, and this he regards as 
due largely to pasteurization of milk. 
Consumption of milk has increased 
largely. The inspection plan he con¬ 
siders is bringing about a remarkable im¬ 
provement in the quality of the milk sold. 
The Milking Machine. —Dr. Breed 
of the station calls attention to the 
ease of keeping the milking machine 
in fine condition. Brine that is so strong 
that there is salt at the bottom all the 
time, with the addition of chloride, is 
the best disinfectant for the machine, but 
it Avill not take the place of careful aud 
thorough washing. Prof. Stocking called 
attention to the fact, that poor milk is 
not always due to the milking machine. 
Sometimes cans are returned to the farm 
with Avater of poor rinsing in them and 
this if left in the sun will start millions 
of bacteria growing. Prof. Ross added 
that some cows have a very high udder 
bacterial count although this seldom at 
the worst accounts for more than 2.000 
c. c. Fifty to 100 is the more usual. 
Deflation and Farming. — Dean 
Mann spoke of the effect of the home¬ 
stead aid. following the Civil War 
and its disastrous effects upon agricul¬ 
ture. especially that of the East. Now 
deflation at too rapid a rate is working 
somcAvhat the same havoc Avith our farm¬ 
ing. Interest rates are consequently ad¬ 
vanced with the effect that money goes 
to those who can best afford to pay its 
rates, and that means something besides 
agriculture. The consequence i« that, 
agricultural productions have declined 
greatly. Other industries n» - e able to 
suspend or curtail operations aud so es¬ 
cape some of the troubles that farmers 
have to take. Then there is the psychol¬ 
ogy of the situation, for people become 
afraid to buy aud the market is further 
depressed. We do not have a correct 
system of credits. It might be Avell to 
reinstate the War Finance Corporation 
and supply certain loans to Europe to 
enable them to buy our produce. In ad¬ 
dition there is something of an over-pro¬ 
duction. We need to encourage markets 
on this account. Foreign exchauge is 
against us, and that has its effect, l. ir. 
Bog Spavin 
I bought a horse for ‘work this year. 
He is a good horse and Avilliug, but I find 
that he has a soft swelling on the inside 
of his hock. He does not go lame, hut 
about three Aveeks ago he laid down in 
the stall aud could uot get up. Since 
then I have rubbed it AA»th liminent, but 
it does not go aAvny. w. s. 
New York. 1 
Allow the horse a roomy box stall 
when in the stable, as it may be difficult 
for him to rise in a narrow stall. If he 
tjien becomes cast he should be supported 
with slings. The bog spavin mentioned 
is not probably the cause of difficulty 
in rising. That, more likely, is due to 
sprain of the muscles of the loins. The 
muscles under the lumbar vertebrae 
(psoas or tenderloin muscles) are the 
ones affected, and there is no certain 
remedy, but recovery usually takes place 
in time, if the horse is supported in the 
stable and' uot jerked or overstrained 
when at. work. Bog spavin is practically 
incurable, but some good may be done 
by rubbing in 10 per cent iodiu vasogeu 
or petrogeu, or a proprietary reducing 
preparation which may be bought at a 
drug store. When it causes lameness fir¬ 
ing and blistering should be done by a 
trained veterinarian. A. S. A. 
