THE NATURALIST AND COLLECTOE 
39 
opposite end. is free to admit of the 
exit of the spores. The tubers are 
usually joined together. The species 
of the Hyrdi, are conical elevations 
having the appearance of points or 
spines formed by the substance of the 
cap upon which they are attached. 
They are covered with a membrane. 
The annulus is the ring found around 
the stem of mushrooms. It is situated 
in various positions and is often 
absent. 
The Pileus or cap is the fleshy 
process at the top of the stem. It is 
sometimes torn up into scales, is viscid 
and presents many changes, occasioned 
by the gills, veil and various mem¬ 
branes. 
The following species have been 
selected as presenting the greatest 
diversity in form and structure. 
Cortinarius coerulescens. 
In this species the pilus is fleshy, of 
a blue color; gills, 
pure blue. Ths 
stem is also blue 
and has a mar" 
ginal bulb. A fine 
filament extends 
from the margin 
of the cap to the 
stem. The skin 
is viscid when 
moist. It is most 
frequently found 
growing on stumps and is edible. 
Hygrophorus conicus. 
The “Red Juice” mushroom is poison¬ 
ous, and is found growing on old 
stumps in pastures and by the road¬ 
sides. It posseses a strong and very un¬ 
pleasant odor. The flesh is juicy. The 
top is of a crimson or deep orange 
color; the stem of a dirty hue and is 
hollow. It has a bitter taste. 
Agaricus ocruginosus. 
The “Verdigris” mushroom has the 
pileus fleshy, convex-piano in shape 
and covered with a green mucus. The 
stem is long, hollow and scaly, tinged 
A—Hygrophours conicus. B—Agaricus 
ceruinosoi. 
with blue. The gills are brown, tinged 
with purple. It is very poisonous and 
quickly decays. The top is about 
three inches in width. 
Gortunarius turmalis. 
This mushroom is edible, has a 
convexo-plano cap, which is viscid 
when moist and is of a ochraceous- 
yellow color. A veil extends from the 
margin of the cap to the stem, in 
delicate arachnoid threads. The stem 
is cylindrical, white, three to four 
inches in length. The remnants of the 
veil appear above the middle of the 
stem as a minute zone, darker than the 
stem. The gills are of the same color 
as the cap, emarginate and decurrent. 
Agaricus campestris. 
The cap or pileus of the “Meadow 
Mushroom” is fleshy, white, or tawny, 
sometimes brownish. The gills are of 
a pink color, becoming deep brown 
with age. The stem carries a well 
