Jan. 20, 192J 
Carbon Tetrachlorid as an Anthelmintic 
177 
remove the ascarids present, but the drug removed all ascarids present 
from 9 out of 12 swine examined post mortem. Animals will tolerate 
doses of 1.66 cc. per kilo of weight and will tolerate repeated doses 
equivalent to a dose rate of 2.24 cc. per kilo in 3 weeks (5 doses) or 1.87 
cc. per kilo in 13 days (3 doses). Reports which have come to our atten¬ 
tion indicate that the dose rate of 1 ounce for animals weighing 100 
pounds should not be exceeded in the case of small pigs. At the rate 
given in the foregoing tests, the treatment appears to be quite safe, but 
the bulk of drug required for the removal of all ascarids present may prove 
to be an objection. The effective dose of chenopodium for removing 
ascarids from swine is about 4 cc. for a ioo-pound animal. The dose of 
carbon tetrachlorid for an animal of this size would be about 27 cc., or 
approximately an ounce of carbon tetrachlorid, as compared to a dram of 
chenopodium. It would therefore appear that chenopodium must be 
regarded as a more potent drug for the removal of ascarids from swine. 
Carbon tetrachlorid appears to be of little value for removing whipworms 
and nodular worms from swine. Of 140 ascarids collected from the 
manure, 62 per cent were passed the first day after treatment, 9 per cent 
the second day, 25 per cent the third day, and 4 per cent the fourth day. 
We are informed by Doctor Peters that carbon tetrachlorid is proving 
effective in removing the thorny-headed worms of swine, but owing to a 
lack of animals infested with these worms we have no experimental 
evidence in regard to this. 
To determine the lesions produced by a lethal dose of carbon tetra¬ 
chlorid in swine, the following experiments were carried out: 
Pig No. iG, weighing 41 kilos (90 pounds), was given 100 cc. of carbon 
tetrachlorid, a dose rate of 2.44 cc. per kilo, by stomach tube, a horse 
stomach tube being used. The pig appeared dull and stupid soon after 
treatment. The next day it appeared to feel better, but it died the fol¬ 
lowing night, within 48 hours after treatment. On post-mortem exami¬ 
nation no carbon tetrachlorid was found in the digestive tract, but a 
quantity was found in the thoracic cavity. In connection with this 
finding, a tear was found in the thoracic portion of the esophagus, and 
it seems probable that the large stomach tube used had perforated the 
esophagus, allowing the drug to enter the thoracic cavity. The liver 
showed a striking bronzing of the lobules and on microscopic examination 
by Dr. Leigh Giltner, of the Pathological Division of the Bureau of Animai 
Industry, a degeneration and capillary hemorrhage were found. The 
pathological conditions present in this and the following case will be 
discussed by Doctor Giltner in a separate paper. 
Pig 2G, weighing 34 kilos (75 pounds), was given 100 cc. of carbon 
tetrachlorid, a dose rate of approximately 3 cc. per kilo, by stomach tube, 
a horse catheter being used as a stomach tube. The animal appeared 
somewhat stupid and died during the night, in 12 to 18 hours after 
treatment. On post-mortem examination a considerable quantity of 
carbon tetrachlorid was found in the small intestine and stomach, to¬ 
gether with a considerable quantity of fluid. The liver showed the 
bronzed appearance as in the case of the previous pig and also some 
evidence of hemorrhage. The microscopic appearance was similar. 
It appears from the findings in the case of pig 2G that a dose of 3 cc. 
per kilo is rapidly fatal and gives rise to distinct lesions of the liver. The 
previous experiments showed that pigs would tolerate carbon tetrachlorid 
at a dose rate of 1.66 cc. per kilo. The minimum lethal dose is therefore 
