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Psyche 
[Vol. 87 
Figure 2. Diagrams of a cross section through the interior of a typical A. N. 
corniger nest; B. N. ephratae nest. Scale = 4 cm. Black indicates open galleries, white 
represents carton. The queen chamber and surrounding cell is located near the center 
of each colony. Differences in architecture and carton density are described in the 
text. 
than younger nests (also observed by Beaumont (Dudley & Beau¬ 
mont 1889a)). The nest galleries are relatively small (usually ^0.7 
cm in height) throughout each colony, although they sometimes 
increase in size near the outer edge of a nest. The layer of bumpy 
surface carton is attached directly to each wall of the intersecting 
internal galleries. The entire interior of N. corniger nests is con¬ 
structed of dark brown carton. 
The queen cell of an N. ephratae colony is also located near the 
center of the nest [Figure 2b, 3], but the remainder of the internal 
architectural design diverges from the N. corniger pattern. An N. 
ephratae royal chamber is surrounded by a 1.0-1.6 cm capsule of 
hard, dense carton. This queen cell is suspended in a matrix of thin 
carton composed of relatively large galleries and chambers. The 
transition in carton density between the queen cell and surrounding 
thin gallery network is abrupt. The interior carton of N. ephratae 
nests is a lighter brown than that of N. corniger. 
Except in very small N. ephratae nests (diameter <15 cm), the 
thin carton nest interior is encased in a 4.0-6.5 cm outer band of 
very hard, thick carton containing only small galleries (diameter 
