186 
Psyche 
[June-September 
Of the above three species terricola appears to be most closely 
related to spinipalpis. Males of spinipalpis can be identified by 
macrosetae on the ventral side of the palpal tibia. These macrosetae 
are absent in terricola. According to Locket and Milledge (1951) the 
females of the two species can be separated by color and certain 
anatomical proportions. For example, the number derived by divid¬ 
ing the width of the transverse piece of the epigynum by the width of 
the sternum between coxae II ranges from .30- 33 in terricola and 
.24-.29 in spinipalpis. In addition European specimens of terricola 
(93%) have 2-2 posterior cheliceral teeth while spinipalpis (66%) 
tend to have 3-3 posterior cheliceral teeth. For a thorough analysis 
of comparative anatomy of the Middle European Trochosa see 
Engelhardt (1964). 
In North America Trochosa terricola shows considerable varia¬ 
tion in the number of cheliceral teeth and in color. In general, 
eastern populations tend to be darker in color and tend to have 3-3 
posterior cheliceral teeth and western populations tend to be lighter 
in color and have 2-2 posterior teeth. The geographic pattern of the 
number of posterior cheliceral teeth in specimens examined is 
shown in Map 1 and Table 1. Because a single symbol on this map 
may represent anywhere from one to 50 specimens it tends to exag¬ 
gerate the variability of this character. Table 1 is a list of the actual 
number of specimens examined from each locality. These data indi¬ 
cate that populations of Trochosa terricola in North America can¬ 
not be separated into distinct geographic races upon the basis of 
cheliceral teeth number. It remains to be seen whether or not addi¬ 
tional information concerning the ecology, behavior, or genetic 
mechanisms of the eastern and western populations will support 
recognition of subspecies. 
Natural History. Kaston (1948) reports this species running over 
dead leaves of forest floors, and beneath stones in fields. I have 
found this species in Michigan under logs and in leaf litter of decidu¬ 
ous woods. It occurs most often at the edge of woods. Males have 
been captured in pitfall traps in an old field. 
According to Engelhardt (1964) Central European populations of 
terricola have spring and fall mating seasons. Males may live up to 
two years and females longer, with those of the autumn generation 
surviving almost three years. The habitat of terricola in Europe 
resembles closely that of American populations. The skirts of forests 
