9 3 
TIMBER AND TIMBER TREES. [chap. 
moderate degree of hardness and strength, but with 
nothing in its appearance to recommend it to favourable 
notice. The private ship-builders therefore declined to 
use it, and as upon trial it was found unsuitable for the 
royal dockyards, none has of late been imported. 
Table XXXVI.— Dutch or Rhenish Oak. 
Transverse Experiments. 
Deflections. 
Total 
weight 
required 
to break 
each 
piece. 
W eight 
reduced 
to 
specific 
gravity 
1000. 
Weight 
required 
to break 
1 square 
inch. 
Number 
of the 
specimen. 
With the 
apparatus 
weighing 
390 lbs. 
After the 
weight 
was 
removed. 
At 
the crisis 
of 
breaking. 
Specifi 
gravity 
I 
Inches. 
3 ' 5 ° 
Inch. 
'25 
Inches. 
5'25 
lbs. 
658 
1035 
635 
lbs. 
164-50 
2 
4-00 
•25 
6-65 
650 
IIOO 
650 
162-50 
3 ' 5 ° 
•30 
6-75 
625 
1020 
612 
I 56-25 
4 
3 ' 5 ° 
•35 
7 -i 5 
630 
940 
670 
I 57-50 
| 6 
3'25 
•25 
8 - oo 
710 
1082 
656 
I 77-50 
3 ' 5 ° 
•25 
6-50 
680 
IOSO 
630 
I 7 O-O 0 
Total . 
21-25 
1-65 
40-30 
3953 
6257 
3853 
988-25 
i Average 
3'54 
•275 
6-716 
658-8 
1043 
642 
164-71 
E = 276550. S = 1729 - 
Remarks. —Each piece broke with a moderate length of fracture. 
Oak timber has also been imported from Spain in 
considerable quantities, for ship-building and other 
purposes. The logs were generally small, or, at the 
best, of only medium dimensions, curved or crooked at 
the butt end, and tapering rather quickly towards the 
top. The wood of the Spanish Oak is of a dark brown 
colour, plain and even in its grain, porous, softer than 
most other Oaks, and liable to excessive shrinkage in 
seasoning. 
