xxvii.] ELM. 223 
3. The common Elm timber to be fairly grown and 
free from sudden bends (Fig. 2 6a) ; to be 24 feet in 
length and upwards, meeting at 28 feet; and each 
piece of timber to be measured for contents by calliper 
measurement, as far as the spire (which is not to be cut 
off from any tree) will hold 15 inches in diameter; and 
no top will be received except the spire. No tops will 
be received at the yards detached from the log. 
4. The Elm timber for keel-pieces to be straight, 
fairly grown, and to square 17 inches and upwards. The 
shortest length is to be 28 feet. 
FIG. 26 a. 
5. The Elm timber for blocks to be clean butt-lengths, 
free from knots ; to be 16 feet in length and upwards, 
meeting at 20 feet. The calliper measure of the mid¬ 
length to be not less than 26 or more than 36 inches. 
6. The Wych Elm timber to be 16 feet in length 
and upwards, meeting at 20 feet; each piece of timber 
to be measured for contents by calliper measurement as 
far as the spire (which is not to be cut off from any tree) 
will hold 8 inches in diameter; no top will be received 
except the spire. No tops will be received at the yards 
detached from the log; all the timber to be of fair growth, 
