XXVIII.] 
DANTZIC FIR. 
2 37 
to bend or buckle up under the load, showing that 
stiffness is an important element in the condition of 
strength. 
Specimens were also tested measuring 4"x 4" (Table 
CXXVII.), but the results obtained were scarcely so 
satisfactory as before, in consequence of the sudden 
falling off in strength in the 21-inch piece; still there 
is, perhaps, sufficient to indicate that the maximum of 
strength would be in a length of about 20", in which 
case the proportion of base to length would still be as 
16:20 or 4: 5. 
Table CXXVIII. shows the result of some vertical 
tests on pieces 6" X 6" and even larger, but the lengths 
are not in the same proportion to the scantlings 
given in former tables, there not being any means at 
my disposal for holding pieces of greater length than 
30 inches. Whether the result would have been the 
same if this had been possible, cannot therefore be 
determined by the experiments herein referred to. 
Table CXXII.—Fir (Dantzic). 
Transverse Experiments. 
Number 
of the 
specimen. 
Deflections. 
Total 
weight 
required 
to break 
each 
piece. 
Specific 
gravity. 
Weight 
reduced 
to 
specific 
gravity 
600. 
Weight 
required 
to break 
1 square 
inch. 
With the 
apparatus 
weighing 
390 lbs. 
After the 
weight 
was 
removed. 
At 
the crisis 
of 
breaking. 
Inches. 
Inch. 
Inches. 
lbs. 
lbs. 
I 
2-25 
•IO 
5-15 
845 
534 
949 
211-25 
1 2 
2'00 
•05 
4 ' 5 ° 
700 
478 
878 
I 75-00 
1 3 
1-25 
•OO 
4 '65 
970 
673 
866 
242-50 
4 
1-25 
•05 
5‘ 2 5 
856 
512 
1003 
2I4-00 
5 
175 
•IO 
6-15 
944 
639 
886 
236-00 
6 
1-25 
'IO 
5 'i 5 
945 
656 
864 
236-25 
Total . 
975 
•40 
3 o -85 
5,260 
3492 
5446 
I3I5-00 
Average 
1-625 
•066 
5 -I 4 2 
876-66 
582 
908 
219-16 
' -i Nos. 1, 2, and 3 broke with a scarph-like fracture, 10 inches in length ; 4 and 5 a little 
longer and more splintery : 6 about 15 inches, and also splintery. 
