CHAP. XXXV.] 
PITCH PINE. 
287 
the planks in thickness varying from 3 to 5 inches by 10 
to 15 inches in width, and from 20 to 45 feet in length. 
Pitch Pine is extensively employed in ship-building for 
beams, shelf, and bottom planking, &c., &c., and also in 
civil architecture wherever long, straight, and large 
scantlings are needed. It will not, however, make good 
board for joiners' general purposes, although we find it is 
used to some extent for cabinet work. 
The wood is of a reddish-white colour, clean, hard, 
rigid, highly resinous, regular and straight in the grain, 
and, compared with most other Pines and Firs, is rather 
more difficult to work; it is good in quality, and con¬ 
sidered to be durable. The principal defects in Pitch 
Pine are the heart and cup shake, the latter often 
extending a long way up the tree. Hence, as far as 
possible, logs having these defects should be used in large 
scantlings, to guard against a waste of wood near the 
centre. 
Table CLIII. —Pitch Pine (American). 
Transverse Experiments. 
Number 
of the 
specimen. 
Deflections. 
Total 
weight 
required 
to break 
each 
piece. 
Specific 
gravity. 
Weight 
reduced 
to 
specific 
gravity 
600. 
Weight 
required 
to break 
1 square 
inch. 
With the 
apparatus 
weighing 
390 lbs. 
After the 
weight 
was 
removed. 
At 
the crisis 
of 
breaking. 
Inches. 
Inch. 
Inches. 
lbs. 
lbs. 
1 
1-25 
•15 
S'°S 
1,068 
651 
984 
267 'OO 
2 
1-25 
•15 
375 
902 
630 
859 
225-50 
3 
I ’OO 
•00 
5-00 
IA45 
693 
991 
286'25 
4 
I 'OO 
•00 
4'65 
1,005 
662 
911 
251-25 
5 
1-25 
•15 
5-15 
968 
620 
937 
242 - oo 
6 
I 'OO 
•OO 
5-i5 
1,207 
698 
1038 
30175 
Total . 
675 
•45 
2875 
6,295 
3954 
5720 
157375 
Average 
IU25 
O 
479 i 
1,049-16 
659 
953‘3 
262-29 
Remarks. —All the specimens broke with a short fracture. 
E = 859950. S = 2754. 
