56 
MAMMALIAN ANATOMY 
Name of muscle 
Origin 
Insertion 
i. Psoas major. 
Last three ribs, the ventral 
surface of the bodies of the 
last three thoracic and all 
the lumbar vertebrae. 
Into the lesser trochanter of 
the femur. 
2. Quadratus lumborum. 
Two parts separated by 
transverse processes of lum¬ 
bar vertebrae; the inner 
arising from last five thor¬ 
acic and all the lumbar 
vertebrae, the outer from 
last five ribs, and corre¬ 
sponding transverse pro¬ 
cesses, and from all the 
lumbar vertebrae. 
Partly into the lumbar 
vertebrae partly into ventral 
border of os ilium. 
3. Psoas minor. 
Ventral surface of the bodies 
of the four posterior lum¬ 
bar vertebrae. 
Pubis by a tendon which 
acquires a connection with 
inguinal ligament. 
4. Iliacus, continuous with the 
inner part of quadratus 
lumborum (2). 
Ventral faces of last lumbar 
and first sacral vertebrae, 
and medial and lateral sur¬ 
faces of the os ilium. 
Lesser trochanter of the 
femur. 
Superficial muscles of the hip and thigh regions, lateral and flexor surfaces 
(The fascia lata which covers over the muscles of this region serves as the origin of some of 
the more superficial portions of these muscles. It should not be removed but may be slit 
along the lines of the boundaries of the muscles which lie beneath.) 
5. Biceps femoris: 
(a) Anterior head. 
Sacral and three anterior 
caudal vertebrae. 
Into the lateral border of a 
strong and extensive fasci a 
over distal end of femur 
and proximal end of tibia . 
( b) Posterior head: 
Main portion. 
Posterior part of sciatic 
tuber. 
Anterior part of sciatic tuber. 
Accessory portion... . 
6. Semimembranosus. 
Sciatic tuber. 
By same fascia as gracilis (15) 
into proximal part of the 
medial border of tibia; 
from the distal end of its 
posterior edge a long tendon 
passes along the medial side 
of the lower leg and joins 
the tendon of the triceps 
surae (25). 
7. Glutaeus maximus. 
Sacrum, dorsal border of the 
os ilium, and fascia lata; 
dorsally its origin is cov¬ 
ered by the anterior head 
of the biceps femoris (50) 
ventrally it blends with 
the rectus femoris (21a). 
Slightly distal to the greater 
trochanter of the femur, 
into the third trochanter. 
Deeper muscles of the hip region 
8. Glutaeus medius, covered by 
glutaeus maximus (7). 
Dorsal border of os ilium 
and from sacrum. 
Greater trochanter of femur. 
9. Glutaeus minimus, covered by 
the glutaeus medius (8). 
Dorsal border and lateral 
surface of the os ilium, and 
from the first sacral ver¬ 
tebrae. 
Greater trochanter of femur. 
10. Piriformis. 
Second and third sacral 
Greater trochanter beneath 
the insertion of the glutaeus 
medius, and posterior and 
dorsal to that of the glutaeus 
minimus. 
vertebrae. 
