46 
MAMMALIAN ANATOMY 
radius; groove for the ulna nerve; coronoid fossa; olecranon fossa 
(this may pierce the bone and open into the coronoid fossa thus 
forming the supratrochlear foramen). 
Ulna. —Olecranon; coronoid process; semilunar notch for the 
trochlea of humerus; radial notch for head of radius; interosseous 
crest; head (at distal end), with styloid process and articular 
surface for the radius. 
Radius. —Head with pit (fovea) for articulation with the 
capitulum of the humerus; articular circumference for the radial 
notch of the ulna; tuberosity for the insertion of the biceps muscle; 
interosseous crest; distal end with styloid process, ulnar notch, 
and articular surfaces for the naviculare and lunatum. 
Carpus. —Proximal row consisting of the navicular, lunate, 
triquetral, and pisiform bones; distal row consisting of the greater 
and lesser multangular, the capitate, and the hamate bones. 
Note how the bones of this row are associated with the separate 
digits. 
Hand. —Note the five digits with similar bones arranged in 
successive ranks, the proximal rank consisting of metacarpals, 
the remaining ranks of phalanges. Determine the number of 
these in each digit. Note the characteristics by which phalanges 
are distinguished from metacarpals, and proximal, middle, and 
distal phalanges from each other. Loo*k for indications in the 
form of the articulations, of greater mobility of the thumb than 
of the other digits. 
* i 
2. The Posterior Appendage. 
(a) The Pelvic Girdle. 
Ossa Coxae. —Note that each of these is made up of three 
components which fuse into one bone, the os coxae, at about the 
13th or 14th year. The three components meet in the center of a 
deep cup, the acetabulum, in the formation of which they partake 
about equally. Note the linea terminalis which, when the two 
ossa coxae and the sacrum are fitted together, forms the boundary 
line between the upper and lower pelvic cavities. 
The os ilium is the broad shovel-like region which projects 
anteriorly and laterally and articulates with the sacrum. Note 
the lateral and medial surfaces; the iliac fossa of the later; the 
