THE HUMAN SKELETON 
45 
Hyoid bone—i. (A complex of several bones and cartilages, 
in man suspended by ligaments from the styloid processes, 
and not present in the usual dry preparations of the skele¬ 
ton. Cf. demonstration dissection of tongue and larynx.) 
C. THE APPENDICULAR SKELETON. 
Study both articulated and disarticulated skeletons of the 
girdles and the appendages; learn in each case to orient completely 
the bone in question, and to give definite reasons for your orienta¬ 
tion in exact scientific language; work out the relation of adjoining 
bones to each other as indicated by the articular surfaces where 
they come in contact. 
Draw at least one view of each bone, preferably, in the case of 
the free limb, the same aspect (extensor or flexor) of all the bones of 
the limb, so placed as to show their relation to each other but suffi¬ 
ciently separated to show the entire outline of each bone. In case a 
bone is drawn separately, include in the drawing the corresponding 
articular region of adjoining bones. 
i. The Anterior Appendage. 
(a) The Pectoral Girdle. 
Scapula. —Note triangular shape; costal (ventral) and dorsal 
surfaces; three margins,* anterior, axillary, and vertebral; spine 
ending in the acromion with the articular surface for the clavicle; 
coracoid process; scapular notch; supraspinous and infraspinous 
fossae; subscapular fossa; head, with glenoid cavity for articula¬ 
tion with the humerus; neck. 
Clavicle. —Note double curve; the rounded sternal extremity 
and its articular surface, and the flattened acromial extremity and 
its articular surface; the smooth anterior (superior) surface and 
the roughened posterior (inferior) one; the coracoid tuberosity. 
(b) The Free Limb. 
Humerus. —Head (articular surface for the scapula); anatomi¬ 
cal neck; surgical neck; larger and smaller tubercles, with a 
groove for the tendon of biceps (the intertubercular sulcus) lying 
between; deltoid tuberosity; medial and lateral epicondyles, with 
ridges extending from these up the shaft; trochlea, the articular 
surface for the ulna; capitulum, the articular surface for the 
