so RURAL NEW-YORKER 
Farm Mechanics 
Engine for Pumping 
Can you tell me what size gas engine 
I would need to force water to an eleva¬ 
tion of 40 ft. 208 ft. away with a rotary 
pump with 2-in. intake and 1%-in. out- 
take? It has a- pulley 9% in. in diam¬ 
eter, speed not to exceed 400 revolutions 
per minute. We have an apparatus to 
turn it by hand, but it is au awful job. 
Maryland. F- t - c. 
A pump of the size given should dis¬ 
charge about 50 gallons per minute when 
running at 200 revolutions per minute. 
This would be equivalent to approxi¬ 
mately 400 lbs. of water raised, in this 
case to a height of 40 ft. in one minute, 
disregarding the distance that the pump 
may be above the source of water sup¬ 
ply. Adding to this the force required to 
ovei'come the friction in the horizontal 
run of pipe the use of at least a two-liorse- 
power engine is indicated. An engine of 
this size, if equipped with a 5-iu. pulley 
and run at 500 revolutions per minute 
would drive the pump about 250 revolu¬ 
tions per minute. 
If the engine was to be used for other 
work as well as pumping it would be 
well to get a larger size, as it would 
pump the water, unless so large as to be 
wasteful for use at such small work, and 
could handle other jobs as well. A four- 
horsepower makes a very handy size 
around the average farm. R- h. s. 
Door for Root Cellar 
In buildings having stone walls, such 
as potato cellars, icehouse, etc., the doors 
are usually eet in as far as possible to 
protect them from the weather, and some¬ 
times because the door frame is made 
secure from the inside. Ordinary doors, 
however, set in this manner cannot be 
Adjustable Door for Root Cellar 
opened flush against the building, thus 
making it impossible to drive up close. 
This difficulty may be overcome by mak¬ 
ing the door “double-jointed.” as shown 
in the accompanying illustration. The 
material used in making that part of the 
door should be somewhat heavier than 
that used in the rest of the door. 
New Jersey. r. a. wellnttz. 
Water Power Arrangement 
I have a 7-ft. head of water and am 
thinking of putting in a email overshot 
waterwheel to attach to pump. 1 have a 
30-gallon range boiler for air chamber, 
and would pump water to house. The 
idea is that, when the pipes are pumped 
full the wheel could not fill it and would 
stop till the pressure was released or 
used. Then the wheel would start to 
pump again. By always running on the 
same amount of water the wheel should 
always pull the same. Would this work? 
Pennsylvania. rr. L. b. 
The overshot wheel lends itself admir¬ 
ably to this purpose where a small stream 
is so located that it can be utilized for 
driving the wheel. The writer would ex¬ 
pect trouble, however, in the attempt to 
use the arrangement described. There 
would probably be difficulty in securing 
an even flow of water to the wheel at all 
times, and even if this could be brought 
about there would likely be trouble from 
freezing while the wheel and pump were 
standing idle with waste water flowing 
over the wheel. 
It would seem that a better arrange¬ 
ment would be to use a small gravity 
tank at the house with the waste piped 
to the barn, or to place a relief valve in 
the line between the pneumatic tank and 
the pump. This valve should be set to 
maintain the pressure desired and within 
the capacity of the wheel, and the dis¬ 
charge from this either piped to the barn 
or into a drain as desired, the wheel be¬ 
ing permitted to operate continuously in 
either case. In some cases wires are 
arranged permitting the gate of the 
wheel to be controlled from the house, 
starting and stopping it as the need 
arises. 
If the source of drinking water is so 
located that a slight fall could be ob¬ 
tained a double-acting ram could be used, 
using water from the stream to operate 
it, and pumping water to the house 
from the spring for drinking purposes. 
R. H. s. 
Quicksand in Spring 
I had a very good spring for many 
years, and was never bothered with 
quicksand until last week; I found my 
spring full of it. Is there any way to 
hold back the sand? I have lots of water. 
The spring is imbedded in rocks 18 in. 
deep. If I build the walls higher around 
will the volume of water keep the sand 
back? J. B. 
New York. 
Trouble with quicksand is very hard to 
overcome, and I am offering the follow¬ 
ing as suggestions only. It is almost im¬ 
possible to control its flow, as it will go 
almost anywhere that water will. If the 
spring is large enough it may be possible 
to clean it out and sink a tight curb 
around the sides with an open bottom, 
similar to a headless barrel, concrete be¬ 
ing preferable for the purpose, however. 
The bottom of this curb is then filled 
with fine gravel and the water permitted 
to work up through it. the purpose of the 
gravel being to act as a coarse filter and 
hold the quicksand in check. 
A manufactured device known as a 
Layne strainer is sometimes used in w r ells 
where quicksand bothers. This consists 
of a tube perforated with round holes and 
covered with a winding of wire. The 
wire has a triangular cross section and 
is wound on with the flat side out. The 
idea is to present a smooth surface to the 
sand and at the same time make a larger 
water passage just beneath the surface, 
permitting the water to enter the inside 
of the tube more readily. R. h. s. 
Bringing Water to House 
I have a bubbling spring 2.000 ft. from 
my barn. I am delivering water now to 
a 5,000-gallon concrete tank, pumping by 
gasoline. The lift from spring to tank is 
about 40 ft. Would a windmill deliver 
water to my tank if we planted it at the 
spring? What kind of a pump would be 
required? c. c. 
Massachusetts. 
There arc so many factors left undeter¬ 
mined that it is impossible for me to give 
you anything like a definite reply. The 
distance that the water is pumped to the 
storage tank, the quantity of w T ater 
pumped per hour, the capacity of the 
pump used, the size of the discharge pipe, 
January 15, 1921 
have not been given. These are all fa<s* 
tors that affect the power required for 
operation very considerably. 
It is probable, though, that an S-ft. 
windmill, if so installed as to get the full 
effect of the wind, would operate the sys¬ 
tem. It must be remembered, however, 
that a windmill works only when the 
wind blows at a certain velocity, the exact 
velocity depending upon the load on the 
mill. When operating in a light breeze 
it will always stop on the hardest part of 
the stroke and will then require quite a 
breeze to start it again, so that in plan¬ 
ning a windmill system a large storage 
should be provided, sufficient to carry 
over at least three days. 
If the gas engine system is working 
satisfactorily it would seem best to con¬ 
tinue it. The cost for fuel for pumping 
alone is very little; water can be pumped 
as needed, and in every way the system 
is more completely under control. There 
are many conditions, such as furnishing 
water for cattle in a pasture, where a 
windmill is admirably adapted for the 
purpose, but for a building supply an en¬ 
gine driven system is, to my mind, supe¬ 
rior. 
If you still desire to use the windmill 
for power, your best procedure would be 
to get the factors which have been men¬ 
tioned as missing and send them direct to 
the concern you are thinking of purchas¬ 
ing from and get their definite recommen¬ 
dations. There will then be no chance 
for misunderstanding. R. H. S. 
TheHoWuPith 
Self-Adjusting 
Hitch 
Built for the Fordson Tractoi* 
Y OUR Fordson needs a plow with self-adjusting hitch. 
That’s one of the original and important features of the 
No. 40—the plow that John Deere built for the Fordson. 
Because of this hitch, the No. 40 automatically maintains proper 
line of draft as depth is varied with the depth lever. Bottoms always have 
the proper suction—“no nosing in”, no “hopping out”, no “bumpy” furrows. 
JOHN DEERE N?40 
The PLOW with the SELF-ADJUSTING HITCH 
Any plow for use 
with the Fordson 
needs a self-adjust¬ 
ing hitch. Only the 
John Deere No. 40 
has this hitch.Note 
the illustration 
above showing; 
how the hitch of 
the No. 40 auto¬ 
matically adjusts 
itself to the proper 
line of draft as 
depth is varied 
with the depth 
lever. 
The self-adjusting hitch goes with 
unusual light weight and light draft 
plus great strength in making the 
John Deere No. 40, “the plow that 
fits the Fordson”. 
Built of John Deere New- 
Process Steel, the No. 40 is lighter 
than the average horse-drawn sulky; 
and it has tremendous strength to 
withstand severe plowing strains. 
Beams are guaranteed not to 
bend or break. 
Pulls extremely light —Because, 
of proper line of draft at all times, 
the scouring qualities and general 
high grade construction of its genu¬ 
ine John Deere bottoms, light 
weight and the rigidity of its frame, 
the No. 40 is exceptionally light 
draft. It’s a real fuel saver. 
Simple, Positive, Power Lift- 
lifting parts move only when plow 
is being raised or lowered—prac¬ 
tically no wear. 
Does High Grade Work. The 
genuine John Deere bottoms insure 
good turning, scouring and pulver¬ 
izing. They do the work the way 
you want it done. You can get your 
No. 40 equipped with John Deere 
bottoms of the shape and type to 
suit your soil. 
Get Acquainted with the No. 40. You 
will find it is the plow your Fordson 'ieeds. 
Remember, the plow is the “bu.:'ne33 
end” of the tractor plowing outfit- fh^ 
tractor furnishes power; the plow ..pp ies 
that power in making the seed bed. Be 
sure to get a good plow for your Fordson. 
Write today for a folder describing the 
John Deere No. 40. 
Get This 
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“Better Farm Implements” 
—114 pages—describes fuU 
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implements and machin¬ 
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today. Address John 
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Package .’-437. 
JOHN 
MOLINE. ILL' 
DEERE 
THE TRADE MARK OF QUALITY MADE FAMOUS BY GOOD IMPLEMENTS 
