96 
The RURAL NEW-YORKER 
January 15, 1921 
Less 
Cost 
More 
Eggs “ 
The answer lies in correct feeding. At the 
New Jersey Egg-Laying Contest they use 
M aurer’s “Kwality” 
Meat Scrap 
because it is sweet, sound and finely pul¬ 
verized so that it blends well in the mash. 
PBrr Farmer’s Almanac. Generous 
I IICl. samples of “Kwality” Products. 
Write Today 
MAURER MANUFACTURING CO. 
Dept. 10 Newark, Now Jersey 
Small Fruits 
The Henyard 
FLAVOR HAMS WITH KRAUSERS’ 
Preparation for imparting a smoky flavor to meat. 
Made from Hickory wood. Delicious flavor, cleaner, 
cheaper; no smoke house needed, .lust. paint on. 
Cl at Drug Stores. Express prepaid forSi.So. 
01 E. KRAUSEK & I5RO. Milton, Pa. 
Seaboard 
the south's newest great railway- 
In the healthful, sunny Carolina Fruit 
Hills section men are making big profits 
growing peaches, melons and berries. 
Land can still bo bought at reasonable 
prices. They grow here a peach of un¬ 
surpassed flavor and the finest shipping 
qualities. The melons bring high prices. 
$1000 Per Acre from 
Dewberries and Peaches 
The returns from dewberries and peaches 
often amount to $1,000 per acre. 
In Florida farmers are making from $500 
to $1,500 per acre growing oranges, grape¬ 
fruit, strawberries and early vegetables for 
Northern markets. 
In Florida, South Georgia and Alabama 
livestock is paying big profits. Instead of 
having to house cattle and buy expensive con¬ 
centrates, they are turned into the velvet bean 
pastures, which puts them in as good market 
condition as though finished on corn. 
Pasturage can be had every month. 
Dairymen find it easy to fill the silo at any 
time—make from 10 to 25 tons of green 
feed per acre. 
Along the Seaboard, in Florida, Georgia, 
Alabama, South Carolina, North Carolina and 
Virginia, you will find good roads, schools, 
churches—no extremes of heat or cold—di¬ 
rect connection with New York, Philadelphia 
and Northern markets. 
Write for booklet and full information. Tell 
me whether you intend engaging in fruit or 
vegetable growing, livestock or general farm¬ 
ing, and the State which you prefer. 
J. M. Jones, General Development Agent 
SEABOARD AIR LINE RAILWAY 
Room 152, Royster Building, JTorfolk, Va. 
EUREKA 
Colony Brooder 
Use it 30 days at our expense. You 
take no risk. Burns coal or natural 
gas. Easy to operate.* 
Write for booklet 
and prices. 
JAMES R. WOTHERSPOON 
Inc. 
Box 244, Sinking Spring, Pa. 
(Agents wanted.) 
The Balance Sheet of a Pullet 
The ever increasing demand for strict¬ 
ly fresh eggs during the Fall and Winter, 
due to so many people knowing the high 
food value of fresh eggs, combined with 
the extremely high price during these 
periods, has made the average poultry- 
man renew each year at least half his 
flock, regardless of what it may cost to 
hatch and rear a pullet to maturity. On 
a commercial poultry farm with a total 
housing capacity of 2.000 Single Comb 
White Leghorns, of which 1.000 are se¬ 
lected breeding hens and the remainder 
good pullets, what will the 1,000 pullets 
cost at the time they are put in the laying 
houses? What profit can be expected at 
the end of the year per bird? 
Hatching eggs from selected breeding 
hens mated to vigorous males of good type 
have brought very high prices during the 
past two years, still only a fair price 
should be charged, say 7c each ’for the 
season. The hate-liability of the eggs in¬ 
cubated depends on many factors, such as 
quality of breeding stock, care and man¬ 
agement. On a large commercial poultry 
farm an average of 50 to 60 per cent for 
the entire season is a fair estimate. 
Mortality is hardest of all to overcome. 
Still, on a well-managed and equipped 
poultry farm where the chick range is not 
depreciation on equipment, artificial illu- ! 
mination (if used)? While it is impos- j 
sible to figure what it will cost to keep a 
bird a year in advance, the figures from 
the preceding year are a fair estimate. 
What a yearling hen will sell for after 
she stops producing depends on her type, 
breeding and egg production. If she is a 
poor producer and has to be sold as a I 
fowl, she will bring about 34c per lb., 
live weight. Allowing 3% lbs. as a fair 
average weight for a Leghorn hen. the re¬ 
turn will be .$1.19 each. On the other 
hand, if she is a medium or high pro¬ 
ducer, she can be sold as a breeder and 
will bring from $2.50 up. Mortality in a 
laying house is usually forgotten. Yet it 
is a loss, and the remaining birds have to 
pay it. From known and unknown causes 
the mortality on a commercial poultry 
farm will average around 10 per cent a 
year. 
Statement No. 2 shows average cost of 
a yearling hen at the end of the first 
year’s production. 
Statement No. 2 
DEBIT 
Cost and Maintenance Expenses, First Year in 
Baying House 
Average cost of— 
Pullet or cockerel to laying house. $1.39 
Makes Hens Lay 
Winter Eggs 
MIX RUST’S EGG PRODUCER 
with their daily ration. Soon you 
havecackling red combchickens lay¬ 
ing more and more eggs each week. 
RUST’S EGG PRODUCER 
tones up the egg producing organs. 
Used by professional poultrymen 
for thirty years. If your dealer can’t 
supply you, send us his name and 
38c and we will send you postpaid 
1-lb. trial package. 
Beware of Roup! 
One ounce of prevention is equal 
to a pound of cure. RUST’S ROUP 
POWDER kept regularly in the drink¬ 
ing water of the fowls during the Fall 
and Winter months will keep your 
flocks free from this dreaded disease. 
Wood’s Poultry Special mailed free 
on request. 
T. W. Weed & Sons 
Richmond, Virginia 
Successors to Wm. Rust & Son 
Get tint/ the Pullets Out on the Ground 
Statement No. 1 
mim 
Incubator & Brooder 
both are made of 
California Redwood, 
covered with 
——- , — „ „^=stoe and galvanized 
I Rockies g j ron; triple walls.cop- 
per tank,nursery .egg tester,ther¬ 
mometer. 3C days'trial —money back , 
if not O.K. Write for FREE catalog. 
Ironclad Incubator Co. Box89 
Racine. Wis. 
ALONG THE 
so overcrowded that it cannot be kept in 
either Alfalfa or grass sod. and has shade, 
such as fruit trees or field corn, to pro¬ 
tect the birds during the hottest part of 
the day. also so situated that loss from 
crows, foxes and thieves can be kept down 
to the minimum, the mortality covering 
a number of years should not- average 
over 30 per cent, figuring from the time 
the chicks go into the brooder until the 
pullets and eoekerels to be kept are in 
Winter quarters. 
When pullets are brought in from the 
range in most cases a number of culls will 
be found. It certainly does not pay to keep 
a low vitality or poor type pullets, even 
under artificial illumination. This must 
be taken into consideration when esti¬ 
mating the number of chicks to be 
hatched. Figuring to have 1.000 good 
pullets in the Fall, it will be necessary to 
hatch around 3.500 chicks, and it will 
take on an average 7.000 selected eggs to 
hatch 3.500 strong chicks during the 
months of February. March and April. 
Near New York the early hatched pullets 
pay best, and are easiest to raise, also in 
most cases are larger and better birds. 
DEBIT 
Total eggs to incubator. 7.400 
Total chicks to brooder. 3,848 
Selected eggs to incubator at 7c.$518.00 
Hatched—62% of total eggs. 
Labor, 7 months. 500.00 
Interest and depreciation on 
equipment . 200.00 
Coal. G tons at $12. 72.00 
Straw, litter, etc. 30.00 
Sundries . 25.00 
Lbs. Feeds consumed Ton 
100 Pinhead oatmeal... .$100 
2.000 Fine cracked corn... 90 
1,000 Fine cracked wheat. 100 
15,000 Cracked corn . 84 
2,400 Stand, wheat midlgs. GO 
2.800 Cornmeal . 84 
3,G00 Stand, wheat bran.. GO 
1,300 Gluten feed. 90 
2,400 Best meat scrap.... 120 
200 Oyster shell . 1G 
200 Sharp grit. 14 
2.000 Mangel beets . 15 
33,000 
. CREDIT 
$5.00 
90.00 
50.00 
G30.00 
79.20 
117.GO 
108.00 
58.50 
144.00 
1.60 
1.40 
15.00 
-$1,345.00 
Sold 
Broilers at average price 
Mortality 
1,253 Died, killed or stolen. 32% 
To laying houses 
Good pullets 
Good cockerels 
To be sold 
Pullets and cockerels 
Cost, each. $1.39. 
Chicks 
1,352 
1025 
G5 
-$1,300.30 
$2,645.30 
of G7c $91G.43 
153 
3,848 
. 1,728.87 
$2,645.30 
Statement No. 1 shows actual figures. 
Knowing the cost of a pullet (.$1.39) at 
the time she goes into the laying house, 
the factors to consider are: How many 
eggs will she lay during the coining year? 
What will it cost for feed, labor, miscel¬ 
laneous expenses, mortality, interest and 
Good Produciny liens 
the year at which all eggs were sold. For 
the year 1919, 70c per dozen is a fail- 
average price. 
To show what, profit can be expected 
per bird, we will take four flocks and 
place them in four classes, according to 
average yearly production : 
Class 
No. 1 
Av. 
prod. 
per 
bird 
in 
flock 
for 
Eggs 
year.. 84 
No. 2 
Av. 
prod. 
per 
bird 
in 
flock 
for 
year.. 
108 
No. 3 
Av. 
prod. 
per 
bird 
in 
flock 
for 
year.. 
132 
No. 4 
Av. 
prod. 
per 
bird 
in 
flock 
for 
year.. 
. 156 
Statement No. 3 
•Class- 
1 
2 
3 
4 
84 
108 
132 
150 
Eggs 
Eggs 
Eggs 
Eggs 
Return from eggs, at 
70e a dozen. 
$4.90 
$G.30 
$7.70 
$9.10 
Sale of hen as a fowl 
1.19 
1.19 
1.19 
1.19 
Total ret. from bird. 
$3.09 
$7.49 
$8.89 $10.29 
Total cost per bird... 
G.81 
G.S1 
6.81 
6.81 
Net loss per bird.... 
$0.72 
Net gain per bird.... 
$0.GS 
$2.08 
$3.48 
From the above statement you will 
note that a flock of birds has to average 
better than 96 eggs, or eight dozen eggs 
a year to pay expenses. All eggs laid 
above 96 is clear profit. In Classes 3 and 
4 the net returns per bird can be consid¬ 
erably increased, as many birds in these 
flocks would be sold as breeders. Also 
the demand for breeding males, day-old 
c-hic-ks and hatching eggs will increase the 
yearly profits. edward s. parsons. 
$|C95 Buys 140-Egg Champion 
lv Belle City Incubator | 
Hot-Water, Copper Tank, Double Walla 
Fibre Board, Self-Regulated. nnc 
$9.95 buys 140-chick Hot- 3 
Water Brooder. Or both for only fc —— 
Freight Prepaid « >°«r 0 
East of Rockiosand • *j ' rs 
allowed on Exprews. 
Guaranteed. Order now. Share in 
mv $1,000 In Prizes, or write for 
Free Hook. “Hatching Fact*." It 
tells everything, ^im Rohan. Prea. 
Co.. Box 48 Racine. Wis. 
All feed consumed, per bird. 3.40 
All labor, per bird . 1.33 
Average— 
Miscellaneous expenses, per bird.23 
Cost of artificial illumination per bird.. .14 
Mortality loss, per bird.12 
Cost, interest and depreciation, per bird. .20 
$0.81 
CREDIT 
Sale of eggs and bird. See Statement 
No. 3. 
The average return per bird depends 
upon the average production of the flock 
for the year, and the average price for 
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YOUNG CO., 1G Depot Street, Randolph, Mass. 
MAKE HENS LAY 
By feeding raw bone. Its egg-producing value is four 
times that of grain. Eggs more fertile, chicks more 
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