120 
Live Stock Matters 
Conducted By Prof. F. C. Minkler 
Feeding Cows and Poultry 
1. I have Alfalfa hay and shredded fodder 
and would like to have a balanced grain 
ration for Jersey cows including, if pos¬ 
sible, the following grains : Rye. flaxseed, 
and corn. 2. What mixture would you 
suggest for a scratch grain and mash for 
poultry whereby I can use the above 
grains' to advantage, with other grains 
and feed? c. d. t. 
New York. 
1. Rye is not palatable and scarcely safe 
to feed dairy cows, and the combination 
would lack variety and palatability. I 
presume that you refer to ground flax¬ 
seed. although this is seldom used in 
rations intended for dairy cows. I would 
suggest the following ration: Cornmeal, 
500 lbs.; rye, 200 lbs.; wheat bran, 200 
lbs.; flaxseed, 200 lbs.; malt sprouts, 300 
lbs.; gluten, 200 lbs.; cottonseed, 200 
lbs.; oats, 200 lbs.; 'salt. 30 lbs. Make 
sure to give the animals all the roughage 
that they will consume. This should he 
clover or Alfalfa hay or, if you have 
mixed hay or Timothy bay. it is well to 
supplement this with corn fodder. 
2. —The following mash and scratch 
feeds are used rather extensively in 
poultry feeding: Dry mash. 100 lbs. of 
cornmeal; 100 lbs. ground oats; 100 lbs. 
bran; 100 lbs. middlings; 100 lbs. beef 
scrap; 100 lbs. cut Alfalfa. 
Scratch feed. 100 lbs. of cracked corn; 
100 lbs. whole wheat; 100 lbs. buckwheat. 
Frequently some whole oats are added to 
the scratch feed. It is the practice of suc¬ 
cessful feeders to keep the dry mash be¬ 
fore the birds at all times, and to feed the 
scratch feed twice daily, morning and 
evening. 
Feeding Twelve Cows 
Will you give me a balanced ration for 
my cows? I have 12, mostly Holsteins, 
averaging 1.000 lbs. in weight. Some 
of these are fresh, others will freshen 
from now on until Spring. I have corn, 
oats and buckwheat raised on farm, also 
Timothy hay and plenty of silage. I 
can easily procure any necessary grain 
to balance this ration at market. How 
much would you feed these cows, basing 
the amount on the weight of cow and milk 
produced? What.would you feed dry 
cows? Also, what would you suggest 
as the best ration for heifers, one to two 
years of age? What is a good ration 
for Holstein calves from three months 
to one year of age? T,,F. 
Ohio. 
Where you have corn, oats, and buck¬ 
wheat produced on the farm I would use 
them extensively, supplementing chiefly 
with cottonseed meal and oilmeal. The 
following proportions would give you good 
results: 500 lbs. of corn : 300 lbs. oats; 
300 lbs. buckwheat: 400 lbs. cottonseed; 
300 lbs. oil meal; 200 lbs. bran. Since 
you have plenty of silage it would be well 
to let them have all of the succulence 
that they will clean up with relish twice 
daily and, in addition, give them all of 
the hay that they will clean up in the 
middle of the day. Then feed one pound 
of this grain mixture for each three or 
three and a half pounds of milk produced 
per day. 
Concerning a ration for heifers one 
and two years old. a combination of 300 
lbs. of corn ; 300 lbs. oats ; 200 lbs. bran; 
100 lbs. buckwheat; 100 lbs. oilmeal, 
would be satisfactory. 
For calves three months old a ration of 
30 lbs. of corn ; 30 lbs. oats; 30 lbs bran ; 
10 lbs. oilmeal, accompanied by Alfalfa 
or clover hay would be recommended. 
Too Much Fibre 
Will you please make a ration out 
f the following feeds: Rice bran, oat 
ulls, beet pulp, dried brewers’ grains, 
lolasses, and rice? We have been feed- 
tig these feeds in equal parts, through a 
oiling process and while we get the milk, 
took does not do well enough. We buy 
pringers, force milk production, secure 
ood market value as beef. Originally 
re used brewers’ grains, but nowadays 
,-e must use market grains. n. k. 
New York. 
The reason why your animals, fed the 
ation identified, do not gain in flesh 
5 because practically all of the iugredi- 
nts are low grade materials high in 
ibre, and they do not contribute a sufficient 
mount of energy making materials, 
lice bran and oat hulls are very high 
in fibre and, while the molasses and whole 
rice do contribute some protein, it is 
doubtful whether your ration carries 
enough carbohydrates. I would suggest 
the addition of 300 lbs. of cornmeal and 
200 lbs. of cottonseed meal. At the 
present prices corn is by all odds the 
cheapest fattening feed that can be se¬ 
cured, and it would be to your advantage 
to use as much of this product as possible. 
Use plenty of leafy roughage. 
Tht RURAL NEW-YORKER 
oilmeal, even though it was secured in a 
limited quantity. A ration of five parts 
of corn and two parts of wheat bran is 
satisfactory for horses that have access 
to Timothy hay. For the dairy cow in 
milk a ration consisting of five parts of 
corn, three parts of oats, two parts of 
bran and three parts of cottonseed meal 
would serve under the conditions. For 
the young heifer you could use equal 
parts of corn, oats and wheat bran, but 
you would get bet'ter results in case you 
added 10 per cent of either oilmeal or 
cottonseed meal to this mixture. Timothy 
hay is not well suited for feeding dairy 
cows or young cattle; but if you have 
corn fodder to supplement the Timothy 
hay the products can be used. 
January 22, 1921 
for this will make sure that they will re¬ 
ceive sufficient ash and mineral matter 
for all the demands made upon the system. 
It would be well to add 2 per cent of salt 
to the grain mixture, unless you make it a 
practice to keep salt before the animals at 
all times in a convenient receptacle. 
Feeding Farm Stock 
I have three horses, one cow, a heifer, 
and plenty of corn fodder, corn and Timo¬ 
thy hay. ' What is the best way to feed 
the above, and in what proportion? It 
has cost me over $800 to feed the above 
stock the last 10 months. I believe man 
is greatly overfeeding. M. w. H. 
New Jersey. 
If you have spent $800 for feed during 
the past 10 months for three horses, one 
cow and one heifer it is clear that the 
feeding has been either extravagant or 
dishonest. While it would be impossible 
to compound a ration for cows in milk 
exclusively from the products mentioned, 
it would be possible to feed the horses 
exclusively on corn and Timothy hay. 
For the cow it would be necessary to pur¬ 
chase some concentrate that would pro¬ 
vide protein, such as cottonseed meal or 
Feeding Holsteins 
I wish a ration for my 12 Holsteins. I 
have corn, oats. Alfalfa hay and plenty of 
cornstalks. What other feeds should I 
mix in, and in what proportion? Cows 
are milking average of 20 lbs. a day. 
New Jersey. G. E. R. 
Under the conditions that you have de¬ 
scribed, where you bhve corn, oats, Al¬ 
falfa hay for concentrates, and cornstalks 
for roughage, it would be necessary for 
you to purchase some protein carrying 
material, and today cottonseed meal or 
oilmeal supply this in the most econom¬ 
ical form. Hence a ration consisting of 
500 lbs. of corn, 400 lbs. oats, 200 lbs. 
bran. 400 lbs. cottonseed meal, 200 lbs. 
oilmeal and 30 lbs. salt would meet your 
condition. Let the cow's have plenty of 
roughage; in fact, all of the Alfalfa hay 
and cornstalks that they will clean up, 
Grain with Silage 
Will you give me a balanced ration of 
grain for milk cows, with silage, hay (well 
mixed with clover), oats and barley 
mixed? E. G. P. 
New York. 
Where you have an abundance of corn 
silage, together with mixed hay, and pro¬ 
pose to use oats and barley as a basis for 
your grain ration. I would suggest the fol¬ 
lowing proportions: Ground oats, 500 
lbs.; ground barley, 500 lbs.; cornmeal, 
200 lbs.; cottonseed, 300 lbs.; oilmeal, 400 
lbs.; wheat bran, 100 lbs.; salt, 20 lbs. 
Feed the cows all the silage that they 
will clean up, morning and night; let 
them have all of the roughage that they 
will consume in the middle of the day, and 
feed the grain in two equal feeds, morning 
and night, allowing 1 lb. of the grain mix¬ 
ture for each 3*4 lbs. of milk produced 
per cow per day. If the feeding of rough- 
age once a day does not satisfy the ani¬ 
mals so far as bulk is concerned, some 
arrangement should be provided so that 
they can have free access to mixed hay or 
cornstalks. 
Doctor: “Did you take the medicine?” 
Patient: “No.” ‘Doctor: “Why not?” 
Patient: “The instructions said ‘Keep 
bottle tightly corked.’”—Toronto Farm¬ 
ers’ Sun. 
Feed this way 
with clover hay 
Feed Unicorn With 
Home-Grown Grains 
You cannot produce milk 
profitably on home-grown 
grains alone, no matter what 
their price. 
They will go farther and yield 
a real profit when fed with 
Unicorn .Dairy Ration. 
A seventy-thirty mixture is 
about right for most cows. It 
produces $4 worth of milk 
for each $1 worth of feed. 
Don’t deceive yourself. You 
can’t m ix your own grains 
with high-protein oil meals 
and beat Unicorn in final 
cost or results. 
Feed Unicorn with home¬ 
grown grains for profit. 
Centaur is a general purpose 
feed. Fine for young stuff 
and dry cows and just right 
for widening Unicom. 
Chapin & Company 
Chicago 
New England Office at Boston 
