424 
■Jtre RURAL NEW-YORKER 
March 12, 1921 
r 
^ J^OR sixty years Bradley’s 
C/ Fertilizers have helped to 
pull thousands of farmers over 
“slump” periods and to bring 
them out on the profit end in 
the long run. 
Plant as usual—use Bradley’s 
Fertilizers as usual—get good 
crops this year and be ready 
when the upward turn comes. 
Don't put off ordering your Fertilizers. 
See your Bradley agent now . If there 
is none near you, write for the agency 
yourself 
Bradle; 
lzers 
^VerV 
BRADLEY FERTILIZER WORKS 
Subsidiary of The American Agricultural Chemical Co. 
92 State St., Boston. 2 Rector St., New York 
Philadelphia .Baltimore Buffalo Cleveland Cincinnati Detroit 
V 
FERTILIZERS 
We Recommend for 
Potatoes, General Trucking, Gardening 
Croxton Brand 
4-3-6 and 4-8-2 Mixtures 
We also sell Raw Materials, carloads or 
less Ilian carloads, as follows: 
NITRATE OF SODA 
SULPHATE OF AMMONIA AND 
PHOSPHATE 
BLOOD AND TANKAGE 
BONE MEAL 
MURIATE OF POTASH 
SULPHATE OF POTASH 
Address Dept. F 
N. J. FERTILIZER &CHEMICAL CO. 
Factory Croxton. Jersey City, N. J. 
Office, 60 Trinity Place, New York 
For any 
leguminous 
crop 
Shows profits beyond question in crops, 
puts nitrogen in the soil. Live, virile, out- 
of-doors cultures, warranted to keep for 
a year and to inoculate satisfactorily, under 
money-back guarantee. Ask your experi¬ 
ment, station about McQueen’s. Order now 
—supply limited. $1 per acre. (5 for $5.00, 
in for $7.50. Write tor circular to 
THE CONTINENTAL SALES COMPANY 
822 Arcue Bldg. Springfield, Ohio 
5WEET 
CLOVER 
VICK’S.GUIDE 
Now 
For 72 years the leading authority 
tin Vegetables, Flower and I - arm 
, Seeds, Plants and Bulbs. Better 
Ready thau ever. Send for free copy today. 
JAMES VICK’S SONS Rochester. N. Y 
39 Stone Street The Flower City 
Profitable crop. Splendid Ilay 
and pasture—quantities of seed. 
Better for soil than alfalfa. Not 
attacked by clover diseases. Seed 
very low in price tills year showing 
big returns on small investment. 
Ail about growing and harvesting 
your clover in Scott's Field Seed 
Book. Write tor free chart, an¬ 
swer* clover questions. 
O. M. SCOTT & SONS CO. 
64 Sixth St., Marysville, Ohio 
Get Big STARK SEED Catalog 
A wonderful book—color illustrations—best veg¬ 
etable. flower, farm seeds and trees at popular 
prices. Address Box 1036 
k STARK BRO’S, Louisiana, Mo^ 
T_ c: __ loin ^ 
For 
1921 
Annual White Sweet Clover 
Guaranteed Seed of Hughes Variety 
Makes the growth i n one season that ordinary clov- 
ersdointwo. Write at once before limited supply 
is exhausted. The DeGraff Food Co., OeGran, O. 
IRISH COBBLER SEED POTATOES 
The early potato without a fault. Write for our low 
prloes. <}. \V. DAWSON. Dlcklimoii Center, N. Y. 
Best Seed Potatoes 
Illustrated Catalog Fi-ee. 
, C. AI.IIKIIIBK SONS. Flslirrs, N. V. 
DO YOU HEED SEED OATS ? Hi-Ybdd. Prolific (Silvermin.e 
Type.) Samples, stamp. EARLE S. WILSON, Box 497, Nimmonil, N T 
Large ASPARAGUS ROOTS Wanted 
Three or more years old. Send sample and price. 
Also want large rhubarb roots. 
HAKKY I,. SQUIRES, Good Ground, N.Y. 
For Sale WI LSON EAR LY SOY BEANS 
$4 flu.: 20 flu.. $3 50, f. o. h. Redden. Delaware. 
C. A. Kephurt, R. F. 0. 4 Georgetown, Delaware 
Dependable SEED CORN 
BUY HIGH QUALITY LUCE’ FAVORITE 
SEED CORN AND NINETY DAY SEED CORN 
Grown on my farms, 813.35 and 8*3 per bit. Re¬ 
spectively. Cash F. O. B., Peeonic. 
S. H. SMITH, Peconic, L. I., N. Y, 
Buy Right-HIGH GRADE SEEDS 
WILSON EAKLY80Y BEANS $4.DO ; 20 Bush.. $4.20. 
Red Clover. $13.80 Bush. Yellow Da vers Onion Sets 
$2.50; 20 Bush., $2.25. LATT0N & LAYTON, Inc.. Georgetown. Oel 
COUNTRY A re y° u seeking information on any sub- 
n n n v e Jeet, thilt h:lB lo 1,0 with country life? We 
B 0 0 R o specialize In books on the farm, the 
flower, fruit, or vegetable garden, trees, shrubs, 
landscape gardening, plants under glass, soils, fer¬ 
tilizers. plant diseases, insect pests, garden archi¬ 
tecture, birds, bees, poultry, cattle, outdoor sports, 
etc. From thousands of hooks we have selected 
the 7(11) best. Send stamp for onr new catalog No. 4. 
A. T. DE LA MARE CO., Inc., 448a W 37th St , New York City 
NORTHERN GROWN CERTIFIED 
SEED POTATOES 
CERTIFIED DIRULE’S RUSSET POTA¬ 
TOES for sale in car lots or less. Write for prices 
and information. J. B. SPALDING 8 Cl.. Peru, New Yorh 
General Farm Topics 
Oyster Shells with Lime 
If I burn a ton of oyster shells, as sug¬ 
gested on page 221. how mueh lime equiv¬ 
alent to air-slaked plastering lime would 
I obtain? How much ground limestone 
is equivalent to a ton of air-slaked 
burned lime? ii. A. L. 
Rehoboth, Mass. 
A ton of oyster shells finely ground is 
equivalent to a ton of finely ground lime¬ 
stone. When a ton of oyster shells or of 
limestone is-burned nearly half the weight 
passes off into the air as gas, leaving ap¬ 
proximately a half ton of burned lime. If 
this burned lime is exposed to the air it 
will slowly hut surely air-slake; i. e., re¬ 
absorb the gases which the furnace heat 
had forced it to give off. Then it will 
have returned to practically its original 
weight before the limestone or oyster 
shells were burned. However, the slaked 
product will work a little quicker in the 
soil than raw ground limestone, but its ul¬ 
timate effect is no more. When burned 
lime is slaked with water it regains ap- t 
proximately half the weight it lost. The 
product is spoken of as hydrated lime. 
The material is usually fluffy and pow¬ 
dery white. It acts quickly, but three- 
fourths of a ton of hydrated lime has 
about as much sweetening power as half 
a ton of fresh burned lime or one ton of 
finely ground limestone. 
R. W. PE BAI’N. 
Farming Without Live Stock 
I have been reading today, on page 127. 
the article signed E. IL Smith, and also 
the comments of the editor. I am greatly 
interested to know of a system of farm¬ 
ing where one can eliminate cows and 
yet have a return from land sufficient for 
a living and some besides. I have 40 
acres of land lying on a level State road 
three miles from a flourishing city of 15,- 
000 inhabitants. I am 04 years old. My 
fingers have become so lame and sore that 
I cannot milk. I have been contemplat¬ 
ing selling this farm and buying one of 
about 200 acres, where I could profitably 
employ two hired men and myself act as 
manager, milking 40 cows with a milking 
machine. If you could tell me of a sys¬ 
tem whereby I can work this 40-acre 
farm at a profit without cows 1 would be 
glad to learn. We have a deep, dark soil ; 
can plow deep. Some of the land is wet- 
tish or springy. We have about 12 acres 
in pasture and woods—about seven acres 
of f he woods F. H. w. 
Cortland Co., X. Y. 
There are two ways in which F. II. M . 
may rrn his farm by the cover crop meth¬ 
od. If he has early ground, he may pro 
dtice early hoed crops, sowing the cover 
crop about July 15 and plowing it under 
in late Fall. If his ground is late, he 
may sow rye in September, after harvest. 
It will get a foothold in the Fall, defy 
the Winter freezing-out process, and grow 
a foot high hv the middle of May, in 
time for late planting, for it should be 
turned under in the succulent stage. In 
both cases lie must plan to use enough 
fertilizer in his hoed crop to nourish the 
cover crop which is to take the place of 
barnyard manure. 
This fertilizer may be used generously, 
without fear of waste, for whatever is 
left over from the main crop will be eag¬ 
erly sought by the hungry roots of the 
green manure, and as he sows so shall he 
surely reap. The amount may run' as 
high as a ton to the acre, or as low as 
600 lbs. It is important that the nitro¬ 
gen content should consist of ammonia 
derived from animal tankage as well as 
nitrate of soda, for though it gives quick 
results the nitrate of soda passes off in 
a few weeks unless absorbed by the plants. 
Tankage, though more slowly available, 
will exist in the soil, and may be relied 
upon to furnish nitrogen to the cover 
crop. To get the correct proportions of 
the required analysis, the ideal formulas 
for hoed and cover crops must be com¬ 
bined. so that nothing will be lacking for 
the development of either. 
The kind of crop which may best be 
used its green manure depends upon the 
needs of the soil on which it is to be used. 
Any rank-growing, juicy plant will pro¬ 
vide humus, flu the soil described it 
would seem that some nitrogen-gathering 
plant would he of benefit in addition to 
the humus or vegetable matter. These 
nitrogen-gathering plants or legumes are 
large users of nitrogen themselves, but 
when growing in a soil poor in that ele¬ 
ment they have the peculiar power of 
drawing their supply from the air. They 
are said to be the only group of plants 
that return to the soil any fertility that 
they did not take from it. In this group 
are all clovers, vetches, beans, peas; in 
short, all plants which bear seeds in pods. 
Here is a cover crop formula which is one 
of the. best for land to be planted in lat¬ 
ter May or early June: Rye, 14 bu.; 
vetch, six qts.; clover mixture, six qts.; 
turnip seed, four oz. The mixture for 
early planting may consist of Italian rye 
grass, vetch and buckwheat. It is said 
that the rye grass gives more roots and 
turf in it shorter time than any other 
form of succulent plant. 
F. II. W. should invest in the best seed 
and fertilizer he can find, for the best is 
none too good where success depends on 
a good yield. It is not for an outsider 
to suggest what he should plant, for this 
may he decided by a study of his local 
market. It would seem that he ought to 
succeed with any of the necessary, well- 
known produce if he figures on hitting 
this market when the buying public is 
hungry for his article. If he is able to 
use a team his hired help need only be 
employed in planting and harvest. 
Waterloo, X. Y. F. H. XT. 
Seeding Peas and Oats 
A correspondent in a recent article ad¬ 
vised growing peas and oats as a forage 
crop, llis plan was to plow the peas 
under four or five inches and then har¬ 
row the oats in. My experience in rais-. 
ing this crop has been‘that if the land is 
fairly smooth and you sow the peas broad¬ 
cast and then plow them in they will have 
a tendency to run in the furrow, thereby 
causing the pea vine to go in rows. 
Where I have plowed the peas under 
I have generally disked the land first. 
The plow will then mix the seed thor¬ 
oughly with the soil. If the peas are 
plowed under as much as 4 inches, and 
the oats are seeded immediately, the oats 
will get such a start that the peas will 
not do very well. After plowing the peas 
under we generally wait from a week to 
10 days. Then we sow the oats and har¬ 
row them in. By this method we find 
that the two plants will break through 
the ground at about the same time. The 
oats then assist in keeping the pea vines 
off the ground. If the vines beneath the 
oats plants, and on the ground, a large 
portion of the forage, especially in damp 
or wet weather, will be spoiled. 
Massachusetts. s. h. Roberts. 
Advice from a Tractor Man 
(Continued from page 421) 
examined for even tiny cracks, for such 
situation occasions short circuit. When 
the insulator is broken, it should be dis¬ 
carded and replaced by a new one. When 
taking the plug apart for cleaning, the 
compression washers should he carefully 
inspected, and if they are in bad condition 
they should be replaced. The plug should 
be cleaned with fine sandpaper, and the 
metal shell should be scraped with a knife 
blade. One should always avoid screw¬ 
ing the compression nut too tightly, yet 
it should be snug enough not to leak com¬ 
pression. If the compression nut is 
screwed too tight, there is some danger 
of breaking the insulator, particularly in 
case of the use of porcelain in the spark 
plug. Mica is used to a larger extent in 
plugs than porcelain, as this withstands 
heat to a greater degree. Porcelain is 
apt to break if water is poured in the 
radiator and is slopped on a hot plug. I 
advise that an extra set of spark plugs 
should he kept for the tractor, and should 
be carried in the tool box. A plug may 
be substituted very quickly, and the set 
should be changed each two or three days 
if the tractor is in continued use. and 
the removed set should be cleaned at odd 
times and adjusted ready for service. It 
is well to adhere to one make of plug, and 
with care there need be but little spark 
plug expense in the use of a tractor. 
Ohio. w - J - 
WANT TO KNOW 
Welding Compounds 
Is there not some one among the read¬ 
ers of The R. N.-Y. who has worked 
where they make what are called welding 
compounds, used by blacksmiths in weld¬ 
ing iron, steel, etc., who will tell us ,iust 
how to make them? C. M. 
New York. 
