426 
7ht RURAL NEW.YORKER 
March 12 , 1921 
E5 
GUARANTEE 
•"/ .- I 
THE WONDERFUL NEW IDEA PIPELESS FURHACB" 
OUlOtHXTU AMD MAMUrACTURID BV 
acavHii 
YiX l.i ft 
VPl 
THilUlTTTTT' 
:rn 
U-a, 
Jr 
wffpth 
— pga cffi.nEffr HutK — 
(tBCOKPORAm) I"nr. rxina lxws ur static or mtw tow.) 
J?'r7t +tYC' C*. <f~d-UJccn.ctSl_ 
OrtpAJPt 
r, . fu/v/ars uSirn/i. 
77. - £./. - //Jif/r. 
v/ierw/treai ( 
'// Su/jj, 
h/fa/jVf 
■ ■ 
py y 
Hot-Blast Feed Door 
Cup-Joint Construction 
Gas and Dust-tight Radiator 
Exclusive, Frameless Feed 
Door which prevents gas 
and dust and dirt, etc. 
Write for catalog and name of nearest dealer 
if you don’t know it. Expert heating advice, free. 
Utica Heater Company, Box No. 50, Utica, N.^Y. 
Alto manufacturer* of ”Superior” Pipe Furnace s 
and "Imperial ” Steam and Hot Water Boiler* 
Excellent proposition for the right kind 
of hardware dealers, implement men, etc. 
NEW-IDEA 
Pipeless Furnace 
The one you*ve heard 
so much about ” 
Si 
_1_ 4oj farc&u&S 
' rnj/a//£s/ Mdjufo'Ma/Mr 
w/u*/*y, ^ * 
This 
Guarantee 
Protects You 
Absolutely 
This money-back guarantee of 
satisfaction takes all the chance 
out of buying a New-Idea Pipe¬ 
less Furnace. If you are not 
satisfied that the New-Idea does 
what we say it will, your money 
will be refunded promptly. 
It is so stated as plainly as we could write it 
right in the guarantee. 
The New-Idea dealer will show you this guarantee. Read 
it carefully before you order, but order now for lowerjarices 
again prevail. Have him explain also the 
Many Advantages 
of the New-Idea which' account for the low fuel con. 
sumption but high-heating quality of this furnace. 
Ask him about the 
1 
21-1 
STANDARD 
TREE 
BANDS 
Protect Fruit or 
Shade Trees from 
All Climbing 
Wormsor Insects 
Fluffy Felt Next Tree—Can’t Go Under 
Gum “ Stickum ” Under Canopy—Can’t Go Over 
SIMPLE—SAFE—SURE—SIGHTLY 
15 or 100 foot rolls, shipped flat, mushrooms when 
tacked on tree. Send for circulars. 
Sales Agents Wanted Everywhere 
THE EGGERT CHEMICAL COMPANY, CANTON, OHIO 
Get Low Prices 
on Berry Boxes 
and 
Baskets 
Write for our 
free Catalog! Shows you how you 
»iji save money by buying direct 
from the Iaroest Berry Box and 
Basket Factory in the Country, 
dew Albany Eax«S Basket Co.. Box 111 New Albany.InP, 
S Hmm PEANUTS 
by Parcel Post. Five pounds for $1- Best 
and most delicious nuts known to human taste. 
Sold by CUTCHINS & GARDINER, Franklin, Virginia 
Write for Quotations on Virginia Smithfield Hams. 
Strawberry 
PLANTS 
ALL BEST VARIETIES 
PLUM FARMER 
BLACK RASPBERRY PLANTS 
Write for Prices 
E. M. BINGHAM 
PENN YAN NEW YORK 
r ^ j A Unleached.packed in hags, *18 
' OOQ Asnes per ton F. O. B. Swarthmore, Pa. 
H. LEIDY, - Swarthmore Pa,. 
HIGH 
Pressure ^ 
39 Years 
Experience 
Osoravmo With special features all their own, 
Cntnlnsr . They claimymur kind attention. 
In every size .... for every zone, 
Free They furnish sure protection. 
FIELD FOECE PUMP CO., Dept. 2 Elmira, New York 
(F/klJlVT fC I/IMf Field selected, rack dried, 
LUflil liJ AllBUhighgermiiiationlm- 
■ proved Champion Yel¬ 
low Dent Seed Corn, $!S 50 per bushel on the ear. 
Increase your yields by planting this wonder Corn. 
W. W. WEIMAN - Hummelstown, Pa. 
»mpi 
IUtSaMed. 
SEED catalogue un« 
like any you ever 
saw. A magazine of home gar¬ 
dening information as well as 
complete list with pictures, 
prices and descriptions of every¬ 
thing a home gardener needs. 
50 Colored Plates 
'T’HE most complete collection of correct lllus- 
A trations of annual flowers in true colors ever 
published in a seed catalogue. 
Articles by Experts 
INSPIRATIONAL and instructive articles by 
I national authorities on “Gladioli in the Garden,” 
‘‘The Best Home Garden Vegetables,” “The Flowers 
We Love,” “Planting the Small Home Grounds.” 
Flanders Fields Poppy Seeds 
E VERY home will want a bed of these memorial 
flowers, officially adopted by the American 
Legion. We offer seed especially imported of the 
variety native in Flanders. Fill out the coupon 
and send 10 cent* for a package of Poppy Seed and 
VAUGHAN'S GARDENING ILLUSTRATED, or write 
for the catalogue alone. Mailed FREE. 
VAUGHAN’S SEED STORE 
43 Barclay St., New York 
Enclosed is 10c for which send ma a 
large packet of Flanders Fields Poppy 
Seed, and FREE VAUGHAN’S GAR¬ 
DENING ILLUSTRATED. 
Name .. 
Address 
A Primer of Economics 
By John J. Dillon 
Part. XV 
New York State products are discrim¬ 
inated against in the New York City 
market. Speculators go to distant points 
in other States, make deposits on fruits 
and vegetables, and manipulate the city 
market for them. Produce is systemat¬ 
ically quoted below the selling price. But¬ 
ter and cheese and eggs are systematically 
manipulated on the exchange and under¬ 
quoted in the prices current to the detri¬ 
ment of State producers, while a pre¬ 
mium is paid the Western butter maker, 
and this amounts to more than 50 per 
cent of the New York City supply. Of 
course, this premium could not be paid if 
the quotations were a correct report of 
sales. The premium custom can be main¬ 
tained only by falsifying the daily quo¬ 
tations. New York butter gets no pre¬ 
mium as a rule, and the dairymen of the 
State lose millions annually through the 
manipulated falsified quotations. South¬ 
western eggs are held in storage from 
April to October and then sold as fresh 
State eggs in competition with our 
winter production. Early eggs from Vir¬ 
ginia and Tennessee are quoted five cents 
below local eggs, but sold in the city 
trade as State eggs at unfaii profits. 
State hay is manipulated by embar¬ 
goes to suit the hay dealers, and 
to favor the long haul from Canada and 
other distant points. You search the 
West Side city stores in vain for a New 
York State apple. They always carry a 
supply of the Western varieties, and a 
carload of them will come from the Pa¬ 
cific Coast in less time than twenty bar¬ 
rels will require to come from a State 
point. You cannot get a State apple on 
the fruit stand in the Capitol at Albany. 
Milk is imported from Canada and but¬ 
ter from Denmark and New Zealand, when 
the dealers are complaining of a surplus 
of both at home. The supply of milk and 
cream in New York City is a complete 
monopoly substantially in the hands of 
two or three dealers. No family in the 
city can get a pint of milk or a mug of 
cream without paying the price demanded 
by the members of the New York milk 
trust. The farmer is obliged to give the 
dealer practically three quarts of milk 
for the price the consumer pays for one 
quart. It costs twice as much to deliver 
the milk and cream as the farmer gets for 
producing it. Consumers who rebel sim¬ 
ply take less milk, and in this way the 
dealers create a surplus and make this 
an excuse for still lower prices to the 
farmer. One of the objects is to drive 
the consumer to the use of condensed, 
evaporated or powdered milk, on which 
the dealers make a still greater profit 
than they derive from tfquid milk. 
This very general and imperfect re¬ 
view gives only a mere suggestion of the 
middleman system in New York. It may. 
well be criticized for its moderation. The 
details are too burdensome and too hu¬ 
miliating for public print. No one famil¬ 
iar with the conditions denies them or, 
defends them. The conditions are gen¬ 
erally deplored by the best men in the 
trade as well as by those on the outside. 
Individuals cannot be held responsible. 
Many wish it different, without courage 
enough to demand a change. The system 
is at fault. It is wasteful and extrava¬ 
gant and out of date. It is honeycombed 
with graft and deception and fraud. The 
element responsible for it cannot be con¬ 
trolled without restrictions on the better 
element also, and, fearful of disturbance 
for themselves, they too oppose any 
change in the present deplorable system. 
If dealers would, they could not effect¬ 
ively deny the record. The files of prose¬ 
cuting officials are full of the unsavory 
records. Investigation committee reports 
teem with the evidence. The files of the 
civil and criminal courts are bulging with 
them. Justice Jaycox said in a decree, 
after hearing voluminous evidence, that 
the system was “untruthful, willful, de¬ 
liberate, intentional, systematic and 
fraudulent.” 
Such are the general conditions that 
the farm co-operative salesman faces in 
our metropolitan market. Other details 
are often more annoying, if less import¬ 
ant. Imagination can well picture the 
trouble an inspired agent of the Board 
of Health can make a new and independ¬ 
ent shipper. Inspections may be rigid or 
slack, as the case demands. The visits 
may be twice a day or, in the discretion 
of the agent, twice a year, and this may 
apply not only to the goods while in the 
possession of the shipper, but also to the 
retailer who buys them. A morning and 
afternoon visit from an inspector for a 
week is pretty sure to convince the re¬ 
tailer that he is buying the wrong bran t 
of goods. Truckmen can make the most 
innocent mistakes, and repeat them with 
surprising regularity. Railroad employes 
can sidetrack a car of perishables in a 
local yard, or neglect to unload it on the 
dock, and apparently no one is responsi¬ 
ble. Thugs acting for regular receivers 
drop junket tablets into cans of milk, and 
neither the police nor the inspection force 
is able to apprehend them. Many of the 
small jobbers and retailers buy on credit. 
If they buy anything outside their ac¬ 
commodation house their credit is cut off 
and the whole indebtedness is demanded at 
once. Few would dare subject themselves 
to the danger. 
The theory of the system is that the 
market must not be disturbed, and that it 
is not good business to handle two pack¬ 
ages if the profit on the two can be mad* 1 
by handling one. Under this policy the 
consumer is never to know when there is 
a surplus of any product, and the price to 
her is kept practically at the uniform 
level, no matter how low it goes to the 
producer. Then shipments are delayed 
in the receiving yards, waste and loss are 
encouraged, and when shipments fail to 
pay expenses other shipments are dis¬ 
couraged and the food is left to waste on 
the farms. 
The middlemen have built up this sys¬ 
tem through the aid of government agen¬ 
cies. They sustain it now through these 
influences. It could not exist without 
government protection and favoritism. 
The dealers, speculators and food trusts 
are snugly fortified in their political bul¬ 
warks, and, like the barons of old, exact 
tribute of every pound of food on its way 
to the market. When the farmer protests 
and demands that the State protect hjm 
in a free passage with his food to the 
hungry people of the city, the middleman 
shouts in righteous indignation that the 
farmer wants to disturb business and sa¬ 
cred vested interests by political means. 
They warn him of the folly and threaten 
him with the consequence of such a 
course. To secure State help to build up 
and sustain their system through the cor¬ 
ruption and bribery of State officials is 
on their theory business. The advantage 
they acquire by these means is property. 
Any attempt on the part of the farmer to 
deprive them of State aid and to open 
the highways of food traffic is a horrible 
plunge into politics. Neither the middle¬ 
men themselves nor their political allies 
deny that our system of food distribution 
is wasteful, extravagant and corrupt. 
Few of them would deny that either the 
city or State government could change 
the present system for the better in 30 
days if either of them seriously wished to 
do so. The State has laws and departments 
and bureaus and commissions and men 
and money aplenty; but the cost breach 
between producer and consumer constant¬ 
ly grows wider. The gentlemen who rule 
the State are constantly on the search for 
issues that will appeal to the farmer. 
They encourage him with a show of -sup¬ 
port for minor issues of more or less 
value; but no one in the inner circle pro¬ 
poses any measure that will reduce the 
cost of food distribution or intefere with 
the middleman’s profit. 
The State, however has worked itself 
into an untenable position in an effort to 
carry water on both shoulders. It has 
been forced to adopt the principle that 
the economic and efficient distribution of 
food is a matter of public concern, and 
it has enacted laws, created departments 
exchange of food and to eliminate waste 
and loss and speculation. It has encour¬ 
aged farmers to organize to further these 
purposes, and properly modified laws to 
Continued on page 430) 
